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presentation-antibiotics-.pptx
1.
2. Antibiotics:
⦿Substance (such as penicillin) that
destroys or inhibits the growth of other
pathogenic microorganisms and is
used in the treatment of external or
internal infections.
⦿While some antibiotics are produced
by microorganisms, most are now
manufactured synthetically
3. Classification of antibiotics :
⦿Antibiotics are classified several ways.
⦿ On the basis of mechanism of action
⦿ On the basis of spectrum of activity
⦿ On the basis of mode of action
9. Antibiotics resistance
⦿If the concentration of drug requires
to inhibit or kill the microorganism is
greater than normal use then the
microorganism is considered to be
resistant to the drug.
OR
⦿Theability ofamicroorganismto producea
proteinthat disablesanantibioticorprevents
transportoftheantibioticinto thecell.
10.
11. Cross-resistance
⦿Cross-resistance to a particular
antibiotic that often results in
resistance to other antibiotics,
usually from a similar chemical class,
to which the bacteria may not have
been exposed.
⦿ Cross-resistance can occur, for
example, to both colistin and polymyxin
B or to both clindamycin and lincomycin.
23. The burden of antimicrobial resistance (AMR)
1. AMR represents a global challenge
2. 4.95 million people who died in 2019 suffered from
drug-resistant infections.
3. AMR directly caused 1.27 million of those deaths.
4. 1 in 5 of those deaths occurred among children under
5 years old
24.
25. Third Global High-Level Ministerial Conference on
Antimicrobial Resistance.
Sultanate of Oman is hosted the 3rd High-level
Ministerial Conference on Antimicrobial Resistance
(AMR) in Muscat, Oman on 24 and 25 November
2022 to accelerate tackling AMR at the national,
regional, and global levels and to enhance
international cooperation.
26. Third Global High-level Ministerial Conference on
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) in Muscat, Oman
Endorsing Countries:
Algeria, Andorra, Argentina, Bahrain, Bangladesh,
Barbados, Brunei, Cyprus, Egypt, France, India,
Indonesia, Ireland, Italy, Jordan, KSA, Kuwait, Lebanon,
Libya, Malaysia, Malta, Morocco, Mauritania, Netherlands,
Nigeria, Oman, Palestine, Philippine, Portugal, Qatar,
Russia, Somalia, Spain, South Africa, St. Vincent and the
Grenadines, Sudan, Suriname, Syria, Sweden,
Switzerland, Thailand, Tunisia, UAE, Uganda, United
Kingdom, Yemen, Zimbabwe
27. WE HEREBY COMMIT to
Reviewing, updating or revising our National Action Plans for AMR with all relevant stakeholders
for implementation with financial resources, milestones and national targets, including the
Sustainable Development Goal indicators on AMR in the human health sector.
Taking into consideration the One Health approach; Strengthening national, regional, and global
surveillance systems through improved data management, private sector engagement,
implementation of data-driven practices.
Reporting of data to the WHO Global Antimicrobial Resistance Use Surveillance System
(GLASS), the WOAH Animal Antimicrobial Use system (ANIMUSE), and the Quadripartite
Tracking AMR Country Self-Assessment Survey (TrACSS).
Reducing the total amount of antimicrobials used in the agri-food system by at least 30-50% from
the current level by 2030.
Zero use of medically important antimicrobials for human medicine in animals for nonveterinary
medical purposes or in crop production and agri-food systems for no phytosanitary purposes;
Ensuring that ACCESS group antibiotics comprise at least 60% of overall antibiotic consumption
in humans by 2030.
WHO MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING
28. TARGETS
Target 1: Reduce the total amount of antimicrobials used
in the agri-food system at least by 30-50%1 by 2030 from
the current level.
Target 2: Zero use of medically important antimicrobials
for human medicine in animals for non-veterinary medical
purposes or in crop production and agri-food systems for
no phytosanitary purposes.
Target 3: Ensure that ACCESS group antibiotics are at
least ≥60% of overall antibiotic consumption in humans by
203
29. The targets are proposed based successful
countries which achieved similar targets
The proposed target is proposed based on some successful examples from
both high-income and middle-income countries
o The Netherlands has successfully decreased its usage by 50% in five years
(between 2008 and 2012)
o Consumption of antibiotics by China’s agricultural sector had fallen by 57%
between 2014 and 2018, to less than 30,000 tonnes
o UK has successfully achieved a reduction of in total antibiotic use of 55% in
food animals between 2014 and 2021
o Thailand has reduced the consumption of antibiotics by animals by 49%
between 2017 and 20196(Target was 30%)
30. What we can do at our level
Hospitals play a crucial role in combating antibiotic
resistance. Here are some actions that hospitals can
take to reduce antibiotic resistance:
Follow infection prevention and control guidelines: Healthcare providers should
adhere to infection prevention and control guidelines, including regular handwashing
by staff and visitors
Isolate patients infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria: Patients infected with
antibiotic-resistant strains of bacteria should be isolated from other patients.
Treat specific bacteria with specific antibiotics: It is important to treat specific bacteria
with specific antibiotics.
Maintain high hospital hygiene levels: High hospital hygiene levels, including regular
handwashing by staff and visitors, can help prevent the spread of antibiotic-resistant
bacteria.
Educate patients on preventing infections: Hospitals should educate patients on ways
to prevent the spread of germs and infections, such as proper hand hygiene and
wound care1.
31.
32. Doctor’s are bound to prescribe the
antibiotics
Mr: Don’t forget to take one
of our antibiotics free
sample before you leave
the hospital
