Abstract Potato is the second most important crop after rice in Bangladesh, where its production ranks seventh in the world. Salinity is one of the major hazards which hampers crop production in the coastal region, where levels range from 3.6 to 27.7 dS/m. Salinity levels vary with time and place and gradually increase in the dry period (December–March). A set of potato clones, bred by the International Potato Center (CIP), was evaluated for salt tolerance and productivity in replicated field trials in three coastal districts of Bangladesh. In each year of experimentation (2011–2015), salinity levels increased progressively during the season. In general they were higher at Patuakhali (0.9–18.0 dS/m) than at Satkhira (3.4–14.7 dS/m) and Chittagong (2.0–11.7 dS/m). Evaluation and selection were carried out on mean yield across the test sites, and the best performing clones were selected for the next year’s trial. Of the original 15 test clones, 2 (CIP 301029.18 and CIP 396311.1) were selected for evaluation in the regional yield trial; ‘Diamant’ and ‘Asterix’ served as checks. At the final stage of evaluation, five non-replicated field trials were conducted under farmers’ field conditions to validate the yield at farm level. Significant variation was found in yield and its components. In the regional yield trial, the highest tuber yield was found for CIP 301029.18 at Satkhira and Chittagong. At Patuakhali, the highest yield was found for CIP 396311.1. Across locations, CIP 301029.18 was the highest yielder (21.8 t/ha), followed by CIP 396311.1 (21.3 t/ha). The former produced 64% higher yield and CIP 396311.1 produced 32% higher yield compared with their corresponding check varieties. Similar ranking was found under farmers’ field conditions. After boiling, the two selected clones were found to be good in appearance and taste. and intermediate to mealy in texture. Finally, these two clones (CIP 301029.18 and CIP 396311.1) were found promising for their good productivity and quality under saline conditions, and are being considered for release as salt tolerant varieties in Bangladesh. Pot trials with saline-gradient treatments also showed that the two clones can tolerate up to 8 dS/m with respect to emergence, yield components, and proline accumulation. Our results suggest that potato could be included in cropping systems occupying suitable parts of more than 0.25 million ha of the coastal land with salinity levels up to 8.0 dS/m. Abdullah Al Mahmud

1. Presented by-
Abdullah-Al-Mahmud, PhD
Potato Breeder
CIP, Bangladesh and
Senior Scientific Officer
TCRC, BARI, Bangladesh
CIP-TCRC Collaborative Research
CLIMATE SMART POTATO IN BANGLADESH

2. Location-
Southern Asia, bordering the Bay of
Bengal, between Myanmar and India.
Area-
147570 sq. km
Climate-
Tropical;
Mild winter (Nov-March)
Hot humid summer (March-June)
Humid warm rainy monsoon (June-Oct)

3. Potato situation in Bangladesh-

4. CIP-BARI collaborative research activities
Germplasm introduced (CIP) : 2150
Potato Variety released from CIP germplasm : 6
Recently released variety from CIP clones-
BARI Potato-46 (CIP 393371.58) & 53 (CIP 393280.64)- LB resistant variety,
Proposed to release as variety from CIP clones-
BARI Potato-72 (CIP 396311.1_Salt and heat tolerant) and BARI Potato-73 (CIP
392820.1_Heat tolerant)
TPS progenies introduced (CIP) : 278
Potato Variety released from TPS progenies : 2 (BARI TPS 1 and BARI TPS 2)

5. Effect of climate change on salinity intrusion in the South West region of Bangladesh
Saline area (2012) : 42823 sq. km
Saline area (2030) : 44903 sq. km
(Projected) (5% increase)
Salinity level : 3-27 dS/m-1
Suitable area for potato cultivation:
0.25 million ha (Salinity levels raised
upto 8 dS/m-1)

6. Evaluation of CIP bred clones for expansion of potato
production in the coastal areas of Bangladesh
Objectives-
1. Evaluate and select CIP-bred potato clones best suited for coastal areas in
successive clonal generations
2. Estimate the yield performance of selected CIP-bred clones under saline
condition in the coastal areas of Bangladesh and
3. Determine proline concentrations of different potato genotypes under saline
gradient conditions in pot condition
Theme: Climate change adaptation and mitigation

7. Preliminary yield trial (PYT) Secondary yield trial (SYT) Advanced yield trial (AYT) Regional yield trial (RYT)
CIP No. TCRC No. CIP No. TCRC No. CIP No. TCRC No. CIP No. TCRC No.
301024.14 CIP-101 301024.14 CIP-101 301029.18 CIP-102 301029.18 CIP-102
301029.18 CIP-102 301029.18 CIP-102 380583.8 CIP-111 396311.1 CIP-139
301055.53 CIP 104 380583.8 CIP-111 380606.6 CIP-112 Diamant
376181.5 CIP 108
380606.6 CIP-112 393617.1 CIP-130 Asterix
380583.8 CIP-111 386292.3 CIP-117 396311.1 CIP-139
380606.6 CIP-112 392797.22 CIP-126 Diamant
386292.3 CIP-117 393617.1 CIP-130 Asterix
389429.31 CIP 120 396311.1 CIP-139
392781.1 CIP 124 Diamant
392797.22 CIP-126 Asterix
393536.13 CIP 129
393617.1 CIP-130
395183.7 CIP 134
395193.6 CIP 137
396311.1 CIP-139
Diamant
15 Clones + 1 Check variety 8 Clones + 2 Check variety 5 Clones+ 2 Check variety 2 Clones + 2 Check variety
Table 1. List of advanced CIP-Bred clones and check varieties used in the yield trial from 2011-12 to 2014-15.

8. Satkhira
(22°44' N Latitude, 89°06' E Longitude) Chittagong
(22°18' N Latitude, 91°49' E
Longitude)
Patuakhali
(21°83 N Latitude, 90°14 E Longitude)
Tuber Crops Research Centre (TCRC)
Bangladesh Agricultural Research
Institute (BARI

9. Date of planting: 1 Dec. 14 -Chittagong
(RYT) 1 Dec. 14 -Patuakhali
19 Nov. 14 -Satkhira
No. of baby trial : 5 PVS trial (Farmers field trial)
Design : RCB
Replication : 3
Plot size : 3 m x 3 m
Fertilizer management: As per TCRC recommended dose
(160-44-132-15 kg/ha of N, P, K and S)

10. Table 1. Pedigree and special quality of the proposed saline tolerant potato
TCRC/CIP no. Pedigree Special quality
CIP 102 (301029.18) (C97.255 x C95.397) Salt tolerant
The genotype showed resistant to Late
Blight and PVY. Moderately resistant to
PLRV.
CIP 139 (396311.1) (391925.2 X C92.030) Heat and Salt tolerant
Resistant to PVX and PVY and moderately
resistant to PLRV.
Tolerance to soft rot and dry rot.

11. Oblong, medium size,
Shallow eye, White skin and
Cream flesh

12. Short Oval, medium size
Slightly deep eyes, Red
skin and Yellow flesh color
CIP-139 (396311.1)

13. Organoleptic test :
Three panels were formed to carry out this test. Each panel consisted of 5 women farmers,
5 male farmers and 5 research and extension workers.
Appearance (1-5 scale, where 1= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Excellent);
Taste (1-5 scale, where 1= Poor, 3=Fair, 4=Good, 5=Excellent) &
Texture (3= Soggy, 6=Intermediate, 9=Mealy).
Processing quality : Specific gravity and tuber dry matter were determined
Ambient storage behaviour :
Three two kg replicates of tubers of each clone/variety were stored for 90 days. Data were
taken on % weight loss, % rotten tubers and days to 100% sprouting
Pot trial and estimation of proline content :
Top 3rd fully emerged young leaf at 40 DAP; Ninhydrin method (Troll and Lindsley 1955).
Six different saline levels (0, 6, 8, 10, 12 and16 dS/m)

14. Results and discussion
Planting
Emergenc
e
Vegetative
Tuber
Formation
Tuber
bulking
Tuber
maturatio
n
Harvesting
Chittagong 2.0 3.2 3.3 4.5 6.4 6.5 5.5
Satkhira 5.2 6.2 8.1 10.0 11.4 13.4 14.7
Patuakhali 2.5 3.0 5.2 7.3 7.5 8.5 9.2
0.0
2.0
4.0
6.0
8.0
10.0
12.0
14.0
16.0
18.0
20.0
Salinitylevel(dS.m-1)
Chittagong Satkhira Patuakhali
Fig. 1 Salinity level of salt tolerance trial during different growth to harvest stage of potato at Chittagong, Patuakhali & Satkhira during 2011-15 crop seasons.
Planting Emergence Vegetative
Tuber
Formation
Tuber
bulking
Tuber
maturation
Harvesting
Chittagong 6.7 8.0 8.6 9.8 10.2 10.8 11.7
Patuakhali 0.9 3.0 4.5 6.1 7.0 7.8 8.4
Satkhira 5.2 5.5 5.7 8.1 10.9 11.5 11.8
-5.0
0.0
5.0
10.0
15.0
20.0
Salinitylevel(dSm-1)
Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira2012-13
Planting
Time
Emergence Vegetative
Tuber
formation
Tuber
bulking
Tuber
maturation
Harvesting
Chittagong 6.0 6.5 7.5 8.0 8.2 8.5 8.7
Patuakhali 1.6 3.6 4.4 5.2 8.1 8.7 9.6
Satkhira 3.4 5.7 6.4 7.1 8.9 10.1 10.8
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
18
20
Salinitylevel(dsm-1)
Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira2013-14
Planting
Time
Emergence Vegetative
Tuber
formation
Tuber
bulking
Tuber
maturation
Harvesting
Chittagong 3.0 4.5 5.7 7.5 8.2 8.5 8.7
Patuakhali 4.3 5.3 6.6 10.4 13.7 15.9 18.0
Satkhira 4.0 4.9 5.3 7.9 9.6 7.6 7.9
0
5
10
15
20
25
Salinitylevel(dsm-1)
Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira2014-15
2011-12

15. Planting
Time
Emergenc
e
Vegetative
Tuber
formation
Tuber
bulking
Tuber
maturatio
n
Harvesting
Chittagong 2.0 3.5 3.8 4.2 4.5 4.6 5.0
Patuakhali 1.0 1.2 1.6 3.4 3.0 4.6 5.9
Satkhira 4.2 4.9 5.9 8.8 7.8 11.7 11.5
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Salinitylevel(dSm-1)
Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira
Fig. 5 Salinity level of salt tolerance trial (On farm trial) during different growth to harvesting stage
of potato at Chittagong, Patuakhali & Satkhira during 2014-15 crop season.
Salinity level (2011-2014)-
o Patuakhali : 0.9-18 dS/m
o Satkhira : 3.4-14.7 dS/m
o Chittagong : 2.0-11.7 dS/m

16. Clone/TCRC code Average tuber yield (ton/ha)
PYT (2011-12) SYT (2012-13) AYT (2013-14)
CIP-101 (301024.14) 14.76 19.95 -
CIP-102 (301029.18) 14.89 21.97 19.84-2nd
CIP 104 (301055.53) 11.87 - -
CIP 108 (376181.5) 15.12 - -
CIP-111 (380583.8) 11.94 21.37 17.84
CIP-112 (380606.6) 16.10 25.33-2nd 18.29
CIP-117 (386292.3) 14.25 17.41 -
CIP 120 (389429.31) 13.55 - -
CIP 124 (392781.1) 14.93 - -
CIP-126 (392797.22) 17.00-2nd 17.80 -
CIP 129 (393536.13) 14.32 - -
CIP-130 (393617.1) 19.56-1st 22.53 16.33
CIP 134 (395183.7) 16.41 - -
CIP 137 (395193.6) 14.20 - -
CIP-139 (396311.1) 15.56 27.81-1st 22.71-1st
Diamant (Check variety) 14.21 15.64 15.62
Asterix (Check variety) - 16.35 15.85
LSD at 0.05 6.64 4.28 2.91
CV (%) 12.34 8.13 9.70
Table 2. Average yield performance of CIP clones in PYT, SYT and AYT at 3 locations of Bangladesh during 2011-14.

17. Fig. 6. Polygon view of GE interaction for CIP potato clones
over 3 locations during 2012-13
Fig. 7. Ranking the test environments relative to the highest
yielding genotypes at 3 locations during 2012-13
Sat: Satkhira, Ctg: Chittagong and Pat: Patuakhali

18. Fig. 8. Polygon view of GE interaction for CIP potato clones over 3 locations
during 2013-14
Fig. 9. Ranking the test environments relative to the highest yielding
genotypes at 3 locations during 2013-14
Sat: Satkhira, Ctg: Chittagong and Pat: Patuakhali

19. Clone/
Variety
Plant height (cm) at 60 DAP Plant vigor at 60 DAP
Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira Mean Chittagong Patuakhali Satkhira Mean
CIP-102
(301029.18)
41.73 32.06 56.60 43.46 4.33 4.83 5.00 4.72
CIP-139
(396311.1)
26.23 30.46 50.60 35.76 4.00 4.50 5.00 4.50
Diamant 31.50 28.26 39.20 32.99 3.67 3.83 4.47 3.99
Asterix 42.66 42.80 45.00 43.49 3.67 4.17 4.17 4.00
CV (%) 9.70 7.14
LSD at 0.05 6.47 0.30
Table 3. Plant height and vigor at 60 DAP of CIP potato clones at 3 saline locations in Bangladesh
during 2014-15 crop season
Plant canopy and yield performance of CIP clones in RYT

20. 60 DAP 67 DAP 74 DAP 81 DAP 88 DAP
Crop age (days)
CIP-102 5.00 5.00 4.44 3.00 2.44
CIP-139 5.00 4.83 3.94 2.88 2.33
Diamant 4.78 4.11 3.22 1.44 1.22
Asterix 4.83 4.00 2.88 1.33 1.11
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
Senescence(1-5scale)
CIP-102 CIP-139 Diamant Asterix
Fig. 10. Mean senescence score of CIP clones at 60 to 88 days during 2014-15 crop seasons.
Senescence 1-5 scale, 5=0-20%; 4=21-40%; 3= 41-60%; 2= 61-80% and 1= 81-100% senescence

21. Clone/
Variety
Converted yield (ton/ha)
% Yield
increaseChittagong Patuakhali Satkhira Mean
CIP-102
(301029.18)
16.71 a 11.32 b 37.53 a 21.85- 1st 64.03
Diamant 10.38 b 10.67 bc 18.92 c 13.32
CIP-139
(396311.1)
16.37 a 16.40 a 31.04 b 21.27- 2nd 32.35
Asterix 13.75 ab 6.75 c 27.70 b 16.07
CV (%) 13.70
Table 5. Yield performance of potato clones at Main trial (Mother trial) at 3 different
locations in Bangladesh during 2014-15.

22. 82.36 83.00
75.91 75.31
17.64 17.00
24.09 24.69
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
120.00
CIP-102 CIP-139 Diamant Asterix
Grade(%Seedand%Non-seed)
% Seed and % Non-seed
% seed % non-seed
Fig. 11. Tuber grades (% Seed size and non-seed) of CIP clones at 3 saline prone
areas in Bangladesh during 2014-15 crop season

23. Clone Yield (t/ha) (90 DAP) % yield
increase over
control
Chitt. Patua. -1 Patua.-2 Satk.-1 Satk. -2 Mean
CIP-102
(301029.18)
33.83 27.33 24.60 23.17 20.01
25.79-1st 22.86
Diamant
(Check variety)
19.39 27.78 21.28 20.56 15.92 20.99
CIP-139
(396311.1)
27.11 29.06 19.11 23.22 21.43 23.99-2nd
37.55
Asterix
(Check variety)
23.44 20.87 23.00 9.82 9.06 17.24
Table 6. Yield performance of potato clones at farmer’s field (Baby trial) at 5
different locations in Bangladesh during 2014-15.
ON-FARM YIELD TRIALS

24. Organoleptic evaluation
3.76
4.32
3.31
3.51
3.69
4.00
3.83
3.53
6.88
7.01
5.82
6.91
0.00 2.00 4.00 6.00 8.00 10.00 12.00 14.00 16.00 18.00
CIP-102
CIP-139
Diamant
Asterix
Organoleptic evaluation
Appear. Taste Texture
Appearance (5=Excellent, 4=Good, 3=Fair and 1=Poor);
Texture (9= Mealy, 6=Intermediate and 3=Soggy) and
Taste (5=Excellent, 4=Good, 3=Fair and 1=Poor)
Fig. 12. Average of organoleptic evaluation of CIP clones at 3 saline prone areas
in Bangladesh during 2014-15 crop season

25. Clone/varieties
Specific gravity
(g/cc)
Dry matter (%)
CIP-102 (301029.18) 1.071 18.94±0.30
CIP-139 (396311.1) 1.071 18.82±0.18
Diamant 1.071 18.40±0.33
Asterix 1.074 19.86±0.48
Table 5. Processing qualities of CIP potato clones

26. Clone/ Variety
Average weight loss (%) Average rotten tuber (%) Average days to 100%
sprouting
2013-14 2014-15 Mean 2013-14 2014-15 Mean 2013-14 2014-15 Mean
CIP-102
(301029.18)
9.54 10.78 10.16 4.67 5.17 4.92 68.66 83.67 76.17
CIP-139
(396311.1)
9.67 11.22 10.28 4.11 6.16 5.14 68.33 80.67 74.50
Diamant 10.12 13.03 11.08 5.16 7.14 6.15 73.33 81.67 77.50
Asterix 9.98 11.59 10.29 4.35 5.13 4.74 71.66 86.33 79.00
Table 7. Storage behavior of CIP clones up to 90 days of storage in ambient condition in Bangladesh during 2013-14
and 2014-15 crop season

27. 0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
0 dS/m
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 6 dS/m
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
8 dS/m
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 10 dS/m
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
12 dS/m
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35 16 dS/m
Fig. 13. Proline accumulation in CIP potato clones under different salinity level in pot
condition
Proline –(µmol-1.FW)

28. AYT for salinity
tolerance at
vegetative stage in
Patuakhali

29. PVS evaluation at Chittagong at harvesting stage

30. Evaluation at harvesting stage

31. Evaluation at Harvesting stage at Satkhira

34. Open field multiplication of CIP-139 (396311.1) from TT tuber

35. Findings-
o Considering yield, CIP-102 (CIP 301029.18) and CIP-139 (CIP 396311.1)
were found promising under salinity condition (up to 8dS/m) .
o Through on farm trials, organoleptic test, storage behaviour; CIP-102
(CIP 301029.18) and CIP-139 (CIP 396311.1) were well accepted at all
locations.
o CIP-102 (CIP 301029.18) and CIP-139 (CIP 396311.1) accumulated
more proline in higher salinity level and thrives well.

36. Recommendation-
o 2 clones CIP-102 (CIP 301029.18) and CIP-139 (CIP 396311.1) were
selected as salt tolerant potato and proposed to release as variety/s for
salt tolerant potato in Bangladesh.
o Results suggest that potato could be included in the cropping systems
occupying suitable parts of over 0.25 million ha of coastal land with the
salinity levels up to 8 dS/m.

37. We are thankful to-
• USAID Horticulture Project for funding
• CIP- Lima, Peru and CIP-Bangladesh
• Director(TCRC), BARI and TCRC team
• Scientists of On Farm Research Division of BARI