RAWE REPORT RAWE IS RURAL AGRICULTURAL WORK EXPERIENCE. IT IS A PART OF COURSE CALLED B.SC. (HONS.) AGRICULTURE. The Rural Agricultural Work Experience (RAWE) provides exposure to agricultural students to the natural setting of the village situations, work with the .

1. PRESENTATION ON RURALAGRICULTURAL
WORK EXPERIENCE (RAWE)
(2021-22)

2. INTRODUCTION
• Agriculture in India is a major economic sector and it is the backbone of
Indian economy. It creates plenty of employment opportunities as well.
About 65% of Indian population depend directly on agriculture and it
account around 15% of crop.
• The RAWE (Rural Agricultural Work Experience)is conducted in the 7th
semester of fourth year. The main aim of the programme is to acquaint the
students with the villagers and the farming situation so that they can have
practical knowledge about agriculture.

3. Rural Agricultural Work Experience
• Agricultural education is an important tool and technique in ensuring gradual increase in
agricultural productivity and sustainability in productivity, technical feasibility, job security
and equity in distribution.
What is RAWE?
• RAWE is a programme for imparting quality, practical, and production-oriented education for
agriculture degree. Rural Agricultural Work Experience has been structured considering the
importance of inculcating wide dimensions of knowledge and exposure to the students as
village stay programme.
• In India, Randhawa Committee (1992) recommended the RAWE Programme for imparting
quality, practical and productive oriented education for the agriculture degree programme. In
fact experiential learning is exactly what the name implies learning from work experience.

4. Importance of RAWE Programme
• Preparing agricultural graduates for better career in agriculture.
• Preparing agricultural graduates oriented education to face the challenges by acquiring knowledge and skills though
hands on experience.
Objectives of RAWE:
• Understanding the rural life by students.
• Opportunity for practical training.
• Familiarity with the socio economic situation of village.
• Development of communication skill in transfer of technology.
• Understanding of technologies followed by farmers.
• Preparation of production plan suitable for local situation. Development of confidence and competency for facing
problematic situation and finding solution.

5. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA
• A Krishi Vigyan Kendra (KVK) is an agricultural extension center in India. The name means
“farm science center”.
• Founder – Mohan Singh Mehta
• These centers serve as the ultimate link between the Indian Council of Agricultural Research
and farmers, and aim to apply agricultural research in a practical, localized setting.
• All KVKs fall under the jurisdiction of one of the 11 Agricultural Technology Application
Research Institutes (ATARIs) throughout India.
• As of May 2021, there are approximately 722 KVKs throughout India.
• The first KVK was established in 1974 in Pondicherry. Since then, KVKs have been
established in all states, and the number continues to grow.
• The mandate of KVK is Technology Assessment and Demonstration for its Application
and Capacity Development.

6. Activities of KVK
• On-farm testing to identify the location specificity of agricultural technologies under various
farming systems;
• Front-line demonstrations to establish production potentials of technologies on the farmers’
fields;
• Training of farmers to update their knowledge and skills in modern agricultural technologies;
• Training of extension personnel to orient them in the frontier areas of technology
development; and
• Work as resource and knowledge center of agricultural technology for supporting initiatives of
public, private and voluntary sector for improving the agricultural economy of the district.

7. ABOUT DISTRICT KARNAL
• Karnal is an agricultural-industrial district in the north-central part of
Haryana.
• Karnal has four sub-division:- Karnal, Indri, Assandh and Gharaunda,
which contain five tehsils:- Indri, Nilokheri, Karnal, Assandh and
Gharaunda.
• The district has eight blocks: Karnal, Indri, Nilokheri, Nissing, Assandh,
Gharaunda, Kunjpura and Munak.
• The district looks like a distorted parallelogram, with an area of 2,471 sq.
km. making it the eighth largest district in Haryana.

8. District At a Glance
Area: 2,520 sq. km
Population: 1,505,324
Literacy Rate: 74.73%
Blocks: 8
Villages: 435
Municipalities/Corporation: 7

10. • CLIMATE
• The climate of the district is characterized by the dryness of the air with an intensely hot
summer and a cold winter.
• With an average of 32.0 °C, June is the warmest month. January is the coldest month,
with temperatures averaging 12.7 °C
• RAINFALL
• The normal annual rainfall of the district is 582mm recorded in 32 rainy days in a year.
Maximum rainfall of 1404mm and minimum rainfall of 255mm were observed in the
years 1998 and 1987 respectively.
• TYPES OF SOIL
S.No. Major Types Of Soil Area ('000 ha) % Of Total Area
1 Loamy soil 155 64
2 Sandy Loam Soil 89 36

11. KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA, NDRI, KARNAL.
 Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Karnal) became operational in July 1976, functioning under NDRI
(ICAR) aims at the overall development of the district in agriculture and allied sectors.
 The Kendra has linkages with all the line departments in the district in addition to contacts
with most of the Agricultural Universities and all the ICAR Institutes in the country.
 These linkages helps the Kendra updated on the recent technologies in agricultural and allied
sectors.
 A successful technology would be popularized by the Kendra whereas feedback from a failure
would be sent back to the research institutions for refinement. The impact of our technology
dissemination activities is visible in the technology adoption rate by farmers.
 The Krishi Vigyan Kendra (Karnal) received best KVK award during 1994-95 period.

12. MAP OF
KVK,NDRI,
KARNAL

13. RESOURCES AVAILABLE TO KVK,
KARNAL
• Instructional Farm – 35 Acres
• Accommodation Facilities: Kisan Bhawan- 48 Bed Dormitory
S.NO. UNITS ALLOTED AREA
1 Crop and Seed Production 30 Acres
2 Horticulture 2 Acres
3 Bee-Keeping 45 Bee Colonies
4 Fish Farming 3 Acres Water Area
5 Vermicomposting 4 Beds Size 10’x 3’

14. WEEKLY ACTIVITIES
The whole RAWE programme was carried out under the supervision of experienced
scientists from the KVK, that stayed continuously with us during all activities related to
RAWE programme to guide, supervise and monitor the work. The activities done during
RAWE programme are as follows:
Week 1- Plant pathology
Week 2- Horticulture
Week 3- Fisheries and Apiculture
Week 4- Home science and Food technology
Week 5- Livestock and Poultry Management

15. PLANT PATHOLOGY
• This week we had an interaction with Munish sir where he gave brief sessions of
Plant Pathology, he taught us about diseases of rice and wheat along with their
management, life cycle, disease triangle and management of their insects and
pests.

16. Various Diseases of Rice and Wheat Along
With Their Causal Organisms
WHEAT
DISEASES CAUSAL
ORGANISM
Rust Puccinia spp.
Loose smut Ustilago tritici
Karnal bunt Tilltetia indica
Wheat blast Magnaporthe oryzae
RICE
DISEASES CAUSAL ORGANISM
Bakanae disease Giberella fujikuroi
Sheath blight Rhizoctonia solani
Bacterial blight Xanthomonas oryzae
Blast Pyricularia oryzae
Black smut Ustilaginoidea virens

17. We also got to know about various varieties of wheat and rice grown in Karnal
Varieties of wheat: - PBW373, PBW343, HD2380, HD2687, DBW222, DBW187
Varieties of Rice: -PR114, PB1509, PR108, PR116, PR106, PR118
Training attended during Week 1 :
Dairy management training programme for 3 days i.e., August11, 2021-
August13,2021
In which we first had a short introduction about dairy management and had an
interaction session with various scientists present over there. Later, Mrs. Deepa told
us about different dairy products obtained from farm animals and taught us How to
make paneer in Home science laboratory.
After this we were told about various diseases, disorders, and feed management of
dairy animals by Dr, Rajkumar.

18. HORTICULTURE
This week was led by Dr. Satish Kumar where he gave brief sessions of
HORTICULTURE.
Sir also told us about different artificial vegetation propagation methods like layering,
grafting, cutting, air layering etc. and various varieties of few orchard trees.

19.  Dr. Satish Kumar also taught us how to establish orchards and later we planted different varieties of
guava- Lalit, Lalima, Dhawal, L49, Allhabad safeda, Sardar in the field of KVK along with Head sir
and other experienced scientist.
Plants varieties
Guava Lalit, Lalima, Dhawal, L49, Allhabad safeda, Sardar.
Pomegranate Ganesh, Mridula, Alandi
Mango Albhonso (King of mangoes), Chaunsa(Bihar and UP), Langra (Banarasi),
Pusa surya(IRAI), Pusa arunima (CISH)
Lemon Kagzi lime(IARI), Balaji (Nagpur)
Litchi Rose scented, Bombai S1
Amla Krishna, Kanchan, NA-6, NA-7, NA-10
Jamun CISH J-42, Narendra Jamun-6

20. ORCHARD ESTABLLISHMENT

21. During this week we also visited one of the Nursery in Padhana, Karnal and
learnt How to setup a nursery of a tomato, broccoli and cauliflower.

22. FISHERIES & APICULTURE
In third week we were enrolled in Fisheries Training Programme where we had an
interaction with Dr. Rakesh Kumar Tonk and Mr. Arun Kumar. He explained us many
concepts like-
1. Ponds and their management.
2. Fishes and their management.
3. Various fish farming techniques.
Later he took us to the pond site where we saw different types of ponds and their
dimensions, Many indigenous and exotic fishes that were being cultured in KVK, Hatchery
unit for breeding.
Mr. Arun Kumar also came by and told us about breeding in fishes, their diseases and
management.

23. DIFFERENT TYPES OF FISHES CULTURED IN PONDS

24. VISIT TO SUSHIL FISH SEED HATCHERY
KAMALPUR RODAN, KARNAL
During this week we
also paid a visit to
Sushil Fish Seed
Hatchery, Kamalpur
Rodan, Karnal. Where
we learnt about the
management of fishes
for commercial
purposes.

25. In last two days we got to know a lot about Apiculture and Bee products
We also went out on the field to see the bee colony being cultured at KVK.
There we saw many equipments used to handle bee culture and also got a look at
the colony of Apis mellifera in which there were about 7000 to 8000 bees were
present.
BEE SPECIES
 There are four important species of honey bees as
follows: -
 Apis dorsota: The rock bee apidae
 Apis Cerana indica: The Indian hive bee apidae.
 Apis mellifera: The European or Italian bee apidae.
 Apis florea: The little bee.
 Colony organisation and the caste system- there
are three castes: queen, worker, and drone.

26. BEE PRODUCTS
• BEE PRODUCTS IN HONEY BEE: -
I. Honey,
II. Bees Wax,
III. Bee Pollen,
IV. Bee Propolis,
V. Royal Jelly,
VI. Bee Venom

27. DAIRY MANAGEMENT
• In fourth week, we were kept under the guidance of Dr. Neelam and Mrs. Deepa
• Mrs. Deepa taught us how to do value addition of milk so that farmer’s income
can be increased.
• Also we made different value added products from milk like Paneer, Chena
murky, Jaljeera, Pineapple sharbat, Kalakand, Flavored milk, Nariyal ki
barfi, Paneer ke ladoo, Paneer ki kheer, Milk cake and Rasmalai.
• Dr. Neelam taught us standardization, sterilization, Homogenization of milk
along with the standard protocols of FSSAI.

30. LIVESTOCK AND POULTRY
MANAGEMENT
These sessions were taken by Dr. Ramesh Chandra and Dr. Rajkumar in which they
taught us about management and establishment of dairy farms.
We learnt basic definitions which are used in Livestock and Poultry Management.
Later Dr. Ramesh Chandra taught us about the following :
• How to pay a visit to dairy farm
• Establishment of a dairy farm
• Management of calf and pregnant animals

31. We also visited Kunjpura Goat
Farm where we saw Integrated
farming system in which they
were keeping different breeds of
goats (bettal, barbari, black
Bengal) and hens (kadaknath,
desi, brown) under the same
shelter.
KUNJPURA GOAT FARM VISIT

32. ACTIVITIES OTHER THAN WEEKLY
SCHEDULE

33. AGRO-METEROLOGY
• This module was led by Mr. Yogesh where he told us how climate change
plays important role in farm management and its yield.
• Later, we went to Automatic weather station of KVK, Karnal which is
directly connected to satellite where we saw its different components
which are used in weather forecasting unit.
• He also told us How weather forecasting plays vital role in fish
management and breeding.
• We also learnt How to operate IMD Portal to access weather information

35. VISIT TO NDRI’s LIBRARY
It was a great exposure for all of us where the library incharge showed us around and
told us about the various sections of library.

36. We learnt How to OPERATE A TRACTOR of a 28-horsepower and 49-horsepower
and then attached mounted sprayer to the tractor in order to spray fungicide in the rice
field (to protect crop from leaf folder)
Later we attached rotavator to the tractor of 28-horsepower and went to the site
alongside orchard field and ploughed it.

37. We have also interviewed few farmers who trained themselves in KVK training
programmes and shared their success stories after getting trained from KVK.
These farmers have adopted modern and scientific technologies in the field of fish
farming, bee-keeping and milk products manufacturing and other allied fields.
Some of them are:-
 Fish Farmer Sh. Mohinder Singh s/o Sh. Hari Singh, Village Narukheri, Distt. Karnal.
 Sh. Parkash Chand s/o Sh. Jagan Nath Village Daha. P.O Madhuban, Distt. Karnal
 It is a success story of a boy who became handicapped in two accidents and adopted fish
farming to earn livelihood.
 Bee Keeper, Mrs. Asha Anand w/o Shri J.C. Anand of Village and P. O. Madhuban, District,
Karnal.
 Shri Rajinder Kumar s/o Shri Om Parkash r/o V.P.O. Khera Teh. Indri. Karnal.
Rest farmers are:-
https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1XuGOHWKvLJE55918mM-
Ot7AgSmaPEI_f/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=100893582037840752747&rtpof=true&sd=true

38. CONCLUSION
RAWE is an exposure to the principles of “learning by doing” and “seeing is
believing”, which provides a direction to the students to think and act on their own.
It offers a direction to the students to develop their knowledge, attitude and skill to
graduate out as an expert and contribute in holistic development of agriculture. This
experiential system in agricultural education has a strong potential to prepare a
better agricultural technocrats with high level of skill in combination with the
modern out-look and management capacity. A learner-centered approach like
RAWE is proved to be a significant in building the competence and confidence of
agriculture graduates and developing human resources in the field of agricultural
education, research and extension in the country.