Health promotion the ideal prevention

1. PRINCIPLES OF
HEALTH PROMOTION -
EDUCATION
Dr. Abhishek Tiwari, MD,
Assistant Professor
Department of Community Medicine

2. Learning objectives
● Understand the concept of health promotion
● Basic principles of health promotion
● To understand health promotion with reference to the
natural history of disease & levels of prevention
● Application of health promotion
● Various methods of health promotion

3. HEALTH PROMOTION
● The process of enabling people to enhance, improve, and
have control over their own health.
● Long lasting health benefits with Basic Approaches
● Healthy population - focus on health need
● Healthy lifestyle - focus on behaviour
● Healthy environment - multi dimensional
● Reorientation of Health services - add life into years

4. Principles of Communication
● C

5. Levels of Prevention
● Levels of prevention are defined by considering the point
of time when interventions are applied for halting
occurrence or progression of disease or its risk factors.
● Primary prevention - Interventions
● Health Promotion
● Specific Protection

6. HEALTH PROMOTION
T

7. HEALTH PROMOTION - Principles
● Social justice and equality
● A stable ecosystem
● Income
● Food
● Education
● Shelter
● Peace
● Sustainable resources

8. HEALTH PROMOTION
● All activities aiming at increasing well-being,prevention
of disease and health hazards are included under health
promotion
● Done through advocacy, empowerment of people and
building social support systems that enable people to
make healthy choices and healthy lifestyles.

9. HEALTH PROMOTION
The process of enabling people to increase control over their
health and its determinants and thereby improving their
health to be achieved through…
1. Community development approach
2. Healthy environment & housing
3. Health education
4. Healthy behaviour & lifestyle

10. Community development approach
● Popular strategy to address inequalities and
discriminations faced by disadvantaged groups
● The case of gadchiroli - Naxalite, socio economic
backward area
● local villagers trained & enabled for taking care of their
own health & community
● Big institutions and expert doctors, the top down
approach is not necessary

11. Community development approach
● If people themselves unite & decide what is most suitable
for them
● People can only be empowered by community
development initiatives. → social transformation
● Better commitment, reinforces community values,
promotes accountability in using resources
● Finally reduces disparities in Health

12. Healthy environment & housing
● Environmental risk factors - physical, chemical &
biological hazards - directly affect health
● Diarrhea, LRI, injuries, accident, radiation, RTA, COPD,
vector borne diseases
● Road & transport will reduce RTA
● Ventilated houses will reduce ARI
● Safe water will reduce diarrhea and worm infestation.

13. Health education
● Health literacy is very crucial for promotion of health
● Vital role in reducing disease incidence from person to
person in communicable diseases
● In case of NCD - helps person to take appropriate
measures to avoid or reduce risk of getting the disease

14. Healthy behaviour & lifestyle
● Regular physical activity - 150 min / week
● Healthy diet - minimum 5 serving of fruit and vegetable
● Restricted use of salt & sugar
● No use of tobacco, Avoid use of alcohol
● Good Sleep, Disciplined life, Meditation and Yoga

15. Methods of Health promotion
● Community wide campaigns - for say physical activity, to
general or target population
● Using prompts or behaviour change messages as a means
of lifestyle changes - use stairs instead of lift
● Separate cycle lane
● Specific behaviour change program for e.g. Arthritis
program with special exercise for elderly

16. Methods of Health promotion
● Strengthening school based physical education
● Innovations in urban development and planning
● Robust travel and transportation policies & practice

17. Are you all on the SAME PAGE ???
● Understand the concept of health promotion
● Basic principles of health promotion
● To understand health promotion with reference to the
natural history of disease & levels of prevention
● Application of health promotion
● Various methods of health promotion