A water cooling tower uses evaporative cooling to extract waste heat from a water stream and release it into the atmosphere. There are three main types of cooling towers defined by water and air flow: crossflow towers have perpendicular water and air flow; counterflow towers have opposite water and air flow; and hyperbolic towers accelerate upward air flow to improve efficiency. Cooling towers can also be classified by their air and water flow methods, heat transfer techniques, construction, usage, and other factors.
2. About -
-> Cooling towers are a special type of counterflow heat
exchanger.
-> Warm water is sprayed from the top down through the
column while airflows up through the column.
-> Cooling is predominantly due to the evaporation of the
water.The amount of water evaporated is measured.
-> A fan supplies a variable cooling airflow.
-> All important process parameters including the water
flow rate are measured electronically and displayed.
3. About -
-> The measured values can be transferred to a PC for analysis
and further processing.
-> A data acquisition card and software are included. Four
further cooling columns are available as accessories.
-> A water cooling tower is a heat rejection device, which
extracts waste heat to the atmosphere though the cooling of a
water stream to a lower temperature.
-> The type of heat rejection in a cooling tower is termed
"evaporative" in that it allows a small portion of the water being
cooled to evaporate into a moving air stream to provide
significant cooling to the rest of that water stream.
4. There are 2 types of cooling towers -
There are three main types of cooling towers that are defined
by how water or air pass through them.
1. Crossflow
2. Counterflow
3. Hyperbolic.
5. Types of Cooling Towers -
There are three main types of cooling towers that are defined
by how water or air pass through them.
1. Crossflow
2. Counterflow
3. Hyperbolic.
6. Crossflow Cooling Tower
Crossflow is a design in which the air flow is directed perpendicular
to the water flow. Air flow enters one or more vertical faces of the
cooling tower to meet the fill material. Water flows (perpendicular
to the air) through the fill by gravity. The air continues through the
fill and thus past the water flow into an open plenum volume. Lastly, a
fan forces the air out into the atmosphere.
7. Counterflow Cooling Tower
In a counterflow design, the air flow is directly opposite to the
water flow. Air flow first enters an open area beneath the fill media,
and is then drawn up vertically. The water is sprayed through
pressurized nozzles near the top of the tower, and then flows
downward through the fill, opposite to the air flow.
8. Hyperbolic Cooling Tower
The hyperboloid shape also aids in accelerating the upward convective
air flow, improving cooling efficiency. These designs are popularly
associated with nuclear power plants.
9. Classification Of Water Cooling Tower
Air-to-water flow Crossflow
Counterflow
Air flow generation methods Natural draft
Machanical draft
Heat transfer methods Dry cooling tower
Wet cooling tower
Fluid coolers
Classification by build Package type
Field erection type
Classification by use Heating ventilation and air
conditioning
Industrial cooling towers
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