4. Types of Pollution :
Water
Pollution
Air
Pollution
Types of Marine
Pollution
Land
Pollution
Sound
pollution
Thermal
Pollution
Air
Pollution Pollution
5. Sound Pollution :
Also called as noise pollution is a disturbance of silent
environment with harsh loud noises. This is mostly due
to automobile sounds, the audio systems used for fun or
public speeches, temples, mosques, churches etc. This
pollution has severe impact especially on old people,
small children.
6. Water Pollution :
Contamination of both drinking water from rivers,
ponds and also sea water by discharge of large amounts
of human, industrial wastes leads to water pollution.
This makes the water harmful to drink, endanger lives
of sea animals etc.
7. Air Pollution :
The contamination of air with dangerous gases like CO,
CO2, SO2, CH4 and other harmful gases due to emission
from automobiles (petroleum), industries and sometimes
by natural calamities like volcanoes. Another type is
particulate air pollution, seems quite unaware to many
but if you stay near any industry, you will notice that
there is always some sort of particulate dust from the
chimneys of the factory. This is harmful especially to the
respiratory system
8. Thermal Pollution:
This pollution arises due to release of excess
heat from thermal power plants, industries
involved in metals molding etc. The heat is
released into the surrounding air rising the
temperature of the locality drastically. This can
be especially troublesome during summers.
9. Land Pollution :
Polluting the land due to contamination by
wide spread distribution of harmful chemicals
leads to land pollution. This is possible by
agriculture, irregular on surface disposable of
industrial wastes etc.
10. Marine Pollution :
“The introduction by man, Directly , or
Indirectly , of substance or energy to
the marine
Environment Resulting in deleterious
effects such as hazards to human
health , impairment of the quality of
sea water for various use and reduction
of amenties ” .
12. Types of Marine Pollution:
Sedimentation
Agriculture runoff(Pesticide and
nutrients)
Energy(thermal and light)
Solid waste
Chemicals , metals , and
radioactive substance
Oil
Biological
13. Major Marine Pollutants :
Worldwide:
10 Billions tonnes of ballast
water with invasives
Est. 10,000 millions gallons of
sewage annually
3.25 millions metric tonnes of
oil annually
Millions of tonnes of solid
waste
14. Source of Marine pollution :
Petroleum(oil)
Mercury
Sewage and Sludge
DDT and PCB s
15. Sources of Marine Pollution :
From Land:
80% of non-biological marine
pollution comes from land bases
activities
Most obvious inputs via pipes
discharging directly into marine
waters(industrial , chemical and
food processing waste)
From Air:
Global atmospheric inputs to the
sea from air discharge
16. Impacts of Marine pollution:
Generally marine pollution affects ecosystem
Health , public health , recreational water quality and economic
viability in the following ways :
Mechanical
Eutrophication
Saphrogenic
Toxicity
Mutagenic and carcinogenic
17. Cost of Marine pollution :
3.25 million tons metric tons of oil
wasted vs 3,4 millions tons used by
Jamaica annually
100,000 mammal and 2 million bird
deaths annually
Reduction of GDP by decreasing fishery
resource (11.9k tonnes -7.7k landed
1960-97) and decreased tourism earning
Loss of bio-diversity and potential life
saving medicines ( for Aids & cancer )
18.
19.
20.
21. Solution of Marine pollution :
Two Main methods
-CORRECTION –costly and time intensive
-PREVENTION –require attitude changes
*Costal scientists believe that prevention
is better than cure since the effects of
marine pollution may be irreversible and
we may therefore be creating everlasting
to the marine ecosystem