The document outlines a proposed roadmap for rectifying and transforming Yemen's water sector in adaptation to the country's upcoming state federalism. It discusses the impacts of Yemen's public uprising in 2011 and the outcomes of the subsequent National Dialogue process in 2013-2014, including the establishment of a federal system. The roadmap proposes a three-phase process to reform water sector institutions and frameworks over several years in line with the new federal structure. Phase I would establish planning frameworks and formulate the roadmap. Phase II would implement institutional reforms, and Phase III would construct new infrastructure and fully federalize the water sector. The document argues for strategic planning efforts to manage challenges and ensure the water sector can adapt successfully.

1. Republic of Yemen
Ministry of Water and Environment
Water Sector Trajectory Rectification and Transformation
(Adaptation to Upcoming State Federalism)
By:
M.Sc. Abdulkhaleq Alwan
Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Sana ‘a, Yemen

2. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
CONTENT
INTRODUCTION
YOUTH AND PUBLIC MOVEMENT
NATIONAL DIALOG (ND)
Water Sector Federalization
ROADMAP Conceptualization
RECTIFICATION&TRANSFORMATION
Key
Messages
Other Strategic Challenges

3. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
INTRODUCTION: Country Profile
Yemen
Location
Source: WEC, 2009

4. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
INTRODUCTION: Water Scarcity
1ST ORDER
• Scarcity of Natural Water Resources
2ND ORDER
• Scarcity of Social Adaptive Capacity
3RD ORDER
• Broader & More Critical Water Dilemma

5. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
1ST ORDER
• Scarcity of Natural Water Resources
13500
NL
7500
World Avg.
3000
6000
9000
M3 . cap/year
15000
W. Poverty Line
1000
200
Syria
1200
Egypt
700 W. Extreme Poverty
Line
Extreme
Scarcity
In 2025= 65m3. Cap/year
Yemen
95
Source: Own
illustration based on
data sources

6. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Inversely
adaptive Cap.
(1970s-almost
1995)
Limited, Late,
Reluctant and
fluctuate
Adaptive Cap.
(1995-2004)
Helpless
Adaptive
Capacity lead to
2ND ORDER
• Scarcity of Social Adaptive Capacity

7. 0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
25 47
20 31
150
180
80
87 88
304
524
28
56 59
121
225
253
332 352
391
428
1140
‫تغذية‬ ‫السحب‬
Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
- GW annual average Drop= 4-8 m
- 100,000 GW Wells are drilled, most
are random
- 7 Critical Basins
MCM/Year
Recharge
Demand
3RD ORDER
• Broader & More Critical Water Dilemma
Source:
NWRA, 2013

8. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
NWSSIP I
2004-2009
NWSSIP II
2009-2015
MORE
COORDINATED AND
INTEGRATED
INTERVENTIONS

9. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
2. YOUTH & PUBLIC MOVEMENT
In the beginning of 2011, among the so called “Arab Spring” the Yemeni Youth
and Public Vociferously Protest has unbleached. Main Manifestations:
 Unexpected and roughly if non planned,
 Rapidly Evolved,
 Politically and Socially Oriented,
 Multi-guided (external and internal),
 Vague forward actions,…etc.
By the middle of 2012, the former regime has handed over the authority
peacefully. Accordingly:
 New president was assigned,
 A new government has been set up
 A new phase has started, yet situation is still unstable

10. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Instability Impacts
The Main Impacts in general:
 Political, security, social…instability
 Economic slump
 Public Services badly dropped down including electricity, fuel and diesel…etc.
 Investments decline
Main Impacts on the water sector:
 NWSSIP II implementation has widely paralyzed,
 Investments and almost of the operational sub-sectors plans have stopped,
 Public drinking supply and sanitation services continued, yet highly affected by the
energy shortage and diesel prices increase,
 High reluctance to pay the water bills led to disable the water utilities to cover their O&M
costs leading them to spend their bank savings and stock spare parts…etc.
 Increasing the NRW
 More violence on the water resources and some assets of the water utilities.
 MWE and GARWSSP HQ buildings were attacked

11. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
3. The National Dialog (ND)
• March 2013: Kick off.
• Time: 9 months,
• January 2014: Approval
• The most important change outcome from political perspective is the NEW
FEDERLISM FOR YEMEN.
• Main Water related Statements:
 some constitutional directives
 legal determinants
 many other developmental decisions

12. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
ND Outcomes examples
 Water is a sovereign national wealth, whose preservation and rationalization of
consumption is regulated by the law. And it is essential human right. Every citizen has
the right to access clean and sufficient amount of water for drinking and biological needs
with appropriate price. And water and food security policy should be adopted. And the
State should pledge that (Constitutional Directive, State Building Team, Decree no.13 )
 Water is an economic resource possessed by the State and therefore has a priced value.
(Legal determinants, 12.1.2 Decree no.13 )
 Reliance the strategic manner in planning, and formulation of the implementation
policies through plans and programs that are fully funded (Legal determinants, 12.1.2
Decree no.13 )

13. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
 Union of water management authorities (Legal determinants, 12.1.2 Decree no.13 )
 Pledge the political parties to incorporate water and environmental issues in their
programs (TEAM of Entities Independence, decree no 12.4, item no.05).
 Formation of a National Supreme Authority for determining the strategic options (raised
by the government, private sector, and civil society) of water problem, and promotion
the capacities of the Ministry of Water and Environment and the National Water
Resources Authority for law enforcement (Development, Water Sector, decree no 24).
 The administrative division of the state should consider the hydrological boarders (Legal
determinants, 12.1.2 Decree no.13 )
ND Outcomes examples

14. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
4. Implications on the Water Sector
Administrative/Political Regions and Water Basins Boundaries
Six fully
autonomous
regions + One
central federal
governorate

15. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Ministry of Water and
Environment (MWE).
NWRA
8 branches
4 basin
committees
GARWSSP
21
Branches
ɸ
15 LCs &
14 AUs
NWSA
24 small
branches
Irrigation
21 Officies
Resources
Management
Rural water &
Sanitation
Services
Urban Water & Sanitation Services Irrigation
improvement
Services
Ministry of Agr.
& Irrigation
W. Sector Federalization
Sector
level
Sub -Sector
level
Field level

16. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
W. Sector Federalization
Supreme Water
Agency/Authority/Ministry
Water Regional
Authority (1)
Water Regional
Authority (2)
Water Regional
Authority (3)
Water Regional
Authority (4)
Water Regional
Authority (5)
Water Regional
Authority (6)
14 Basin
Management
Committee
Decentralized Rural
Water Supply and
Sanitation Services
Urban Water
Supply and
Sanitation Utilities
Irrigation Services
Company
14 Basin Water
Resources
Authority
Regional level
Just Concept
Proposal
Visualization
Federal level
Basin level
Services
level

17. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
 Federal Level: New institutions
and infrastructures ??
 Regional Level: New
institutions and infrastructures
???
 Basin Level: Reform and
Reorganization arrangements?
 Services Level: Reform and
Reorganization
arrangements???
 Legislative Frameworks: Water
Law, Bylaws, regulations…etc
 Regulatory and organizational
frameworks: NWSSIP, Sector and
Subsector Agencies’ structures,
mandates, functions, roles and
responsibilities ..etc.
 Coordination and Implementation
Capacities : of the sector and sub-
sectors agencies
Review and Evaluation of the
whole current water institutions
Reform, Development and Set
up on the:
W. Sector Federalization

18. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
5. Conceptual Visionary Roadmap
How Shall We Move Forward ???

19. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
5. Conceptual Visionary Roadmap

20. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Phase I: Water Sector Trajectory
Rectification and Adaptation
Phase II: Water Sector
Transformation
Main Stages

21. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
5. Conceptual Visionary Roadmap
Main Objective
"Rectification and adaptation the current water sector Trajectory whole
institutions through a smooth dynamic process that moves through carefully
pre-studied vigorous stages, implemented in a fully integrated and
participatory approach to ensure a steady transformation for the whole water
institutions to flexibly and efficiently perform in accordance to the new
federal system of the state"

22. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
5. Conceptual Visionary Roadmap

23. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Stage I: Planning Framework Set Up
Visionary concept
with guidance action
matrix
Setting up a
strategic Planning
team,
Study and assess the
ND Outcomes
Experience international
successful stories
Strategic Planning
framework is in place

24. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Stage II: Roadmap Formulation
Review and evaluate
all regulatory
frameworks
(legislations,
strategies and
policies....etc)
Review and evaluate
organizational
frameworks (sector
and subsector
structures, mandates,
roles and
responsibilities,...etc)
lessons learnt are
drawn
Identify and analysis
the water sector
future key
stakeholders
Consulting the sector
decision makers and
key stakeholders
Evaluation of the
four subsectors
agencies various
assets
Draft the Roadmap
with its action Plan
Consult the drafted
roadmap through
some round
dissections and
finalize it
Government and
Donors Joint meeting
Road Map in Place
Timeframe is
six months

25. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Develop new
Regulatory
frameworks
Develop new
structures in
all levels
Draft the new,
mandate, roles,
responsibilities
• Sector Trajectory is
Rectified
Infrastructure
and capacity
development
action plan
Stage III: Roadmap Implementation
“Software” Institutional
Setup
Timeframe is one to two
years

26. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Construction the
new
infrastructures
transformatio
n to the new
institutions
Capacity
development
programs
Water Sector
is
Federalized
Stage III: Roadmap Implementation
“Hardware”
Institutional Setup
Timeframe is three to
five years

27. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Strategic Planning Route Challenging Needs
Long-Term Strategy
and National Master
Plan
Sector
Rectification and
Transformation
SDGs
Mainstreaming
Inherent &
External
Uncertainties
6. Sector Other Strategic Challenges
Source: Alwan, 2014

28. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Strategic Planning Route Rationality
Source: Alwan, 2014

29. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
The Question to put on:
Can Yemeni Water Sector manage to
perform such challenging strategic
planning tasks?
Knowledge &
Data
Sector
Consciousness
and Will
GoY & Donors
Support
Proper HR
Capacities

30. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
 Key Message #1: 2015 is the most challenging year the water sector can ever faced in
terms of strategic planning requirements,
 Key Message #2: Moving forward on the strategic planning is a hard mission, yet is an
inevitable choice.
 Key Message #3: Non-action option will cost the sector to lost the social adaptive
capacities made during the last 10 to 15 years,
 Key Message #4: Donors have supported the water sector in Yemen during the last two
peaceful decades, yet their support is much more valued and required under the current
situation,
 Key Message #5: While hundred millions USD are committed for the physical
investments in the water sector, the sector strategies and policies planning activities still
lack the some hundred thousands USD to be implemented
7. Key Messages

31. Water Sector Rectification and Transformation Roadmap.
BY: M.Sc. A . ALWAN, Water Strategies and Policies Advisor @ MWE
Thanks