2. HEMATINICS
HEMATINICS are the substance
required for formation of blood to
treat various types of Anemia.
IRON
VITAMIN B9 ( FOLIC ACID )
VITAMIN B12 ( COBALAMIN )
ERYTHROPOETIN
218 November 2018
3. ANEMIA
Anemia occurs when the imbalance between production
and destruction of RBCs is disturbed by :
(a) Blood loss (acute or chronic)
(b) Impaired red cell formation due to :
Deficiency of essential factors, i.e. iron, vitamin B12, folic
acid.
Bone marrow depression (hypoplastic anemia),
erythropoietin deficiency.
(c) Increased destruction of RBCs
(hemolytic anemia)
318 November 2018
4. TYPESOF ANEMIA
Microcytic hypochromic :
Mainly Due to iron deficiency.
Megaloblastic Anemia :
Mainly due to deficiency of vitamin B12 and folic acid.
Haemolytic Anaemia :
Destruction of RBC.
Pernicious Anemia :
Decreased intrinsic factor.
Aplastic Anemia :
Bone marrow disorder .
418 November 2018
5. CAUSESOF ANEMIA
1:Deficiency of substances :
(a) Exogenous substances
(b) Endogenous substances
2:Genetic abnormalities
3:Excess loss of blood
4:Drug induced, etc
518 November 2018
6. TREATMENT
IRON
Iron is an essential body constituent.
It is an essential constituent of
hemoglobin,cytochrome,and other
components of respiratory enzyme
system.
Its main function are in transport of
oxygen to tissue (hemoglobin) and in
cellular oxidation mechanism.
618 November 2018
7. Daily requirements of IRON :
Adult Male : 0.5 – 1 mg ( 13 µg/kg )
Adult female : 1-2 mg ( 21 µg/kg )(menstruation)
Infants : 60 µg/kg
Children : 25 µg/kg
Pregnancy : 3-5 mg ( 80µg/kg ) ( last2 trimesters )
DIETRY SOURCE OF IRON :
Rich : Liver,egg yalk,dry beans,dry fruits,etc
Medium : Meat,Chicken,Fish,Banana,Apple.
Poor : Milk,and itsproducts,root vegetables.
718 November 2018
8. MODEOF ACTIONOF IRON
Iron is important component of hemoglobin that carries
oxygenated blood from lungs to different body parts.
It also act as a catalyst for many metabolic reactions
essential for cell growth.
It maintains a healthy immune system and aids in energy
production.
INDICATIONS :
Anemia .
Dietry iron deficiency.
Pregnancy .
Premature babies .
Malabsorption. .
818 November 2018
9. ORAL IRON
Ferrous sulfate (hydrated salt 20% iron, dried salt 32%)
Ferrous gluconate (33% iron)
DOSE : 200 mg
Adverce effect :
Gastric irritation ,constipation,staining of teeth.
PARENTRAL IRON
Iron Dextran
Iron Sucrose
DOSE :
75mg i.m ( Max 100mg i.m )
918 November 2018
11. VITAMINB12( COBALAMIN)
It occurs as red crystals synthesized in nature only by
microorganism ,plants and animals acquire it from them.
M.O.A :
Vitamin B12 is essential constituents of the human
diet,being necessary for DNA synthesis and consequently
for cell prolification.
DIETRY SOURCES :
Liver ,Kidney,Sea,Fish,meat,cheese,etc.
DAILY REQUIREMENT :
Adult :1-3 µg/kg.
Pregnant & Lactating Women : 3-5 µg.
1118 November 2018
12. VITAMINB9 FOLICACID
It occurs as yellow crystals which are
insoluble in water, but its sodium salt is
freely water soluble.
Chemically it is pteroyl glutamic acid
(PGA) cosisting of pteridine + para
amino benzoic acid (PABA)+glutamic
acid.
1218 November 2018
13. M.O.AOF VTAMINB9
(FOLICACID)
Folic acid is a
precursor needed to
make ,repair,
methylate DNA
cofactor in cell
division and growth,
such as in infancy
and pregnancy.
1318 November 2018
15. 18 November 2018 15
DAILY REQUIREMENTS OF VITAMIN B9 :
_ Adult : 50 mcg/day.
_ Pregnant & Lactating Women :
100-200 mcg/day.
DOSE :
_ Therapeutic _ 2 to 5 mg /day.
_ Prophylactic _ 0.5 mg/day.
INDICATIONS :
_ Treat megaloblastic anemia due to
folate deficiency.
_ pregnant women .
_ premature infants.
_ patient with hemolytic anemia .
16. REFERENCEs
Tripathi KD. Essentials of medical
pharmacology. 6th ed. New Delhi:
Jaypee Brothers Medical Publishers;
2008. p. 581-92.
Goodman & Gilman’s The pharmalogical
Basis of Therapeutics,11th Edition.
Pharmacology Rang & Dell 5th Edition.
1618 November 2018
