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化学屋さんだって数学するんです!
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ロマンティック数学ナイトプライム京都 2019/03/17(日)開催 の発表資料ですbyパヤシ
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化学屋さんだって数学するんです!
1.
化学屋さんだって数学するんで す! パヤシ 2019/03/17 ロマンティック数学ナイトプライム京都
2.
数学にちょっとネガティブな印象を持ってる 化学屋さんの数学との奮闘を紹介 テーマは 「数学が示唆する存在をこの目で確認」
3.
化学屋さんに質問 「あなたにとって数学は?」 苦手 43% 好きじゃな い 22% 好き 14% 高校までな ら 14% ヤバイ 7% サンプル群;私の近所にいた研究員
4.
「苦手」 ・あの記号が分からん ・色んな分野があってこんがらがる 「好きじゃない」 ・“ここは自明なので省略”ってそこ教えろ ・仕事で学んだと思ったらそこはまだ入り口だった 「好き」 ・なんか好き 「高校までなら」 ・解析学で単位落とした 「ヤバイ」 ・とにかくヤバイ
5.
むっちゃ広い!」
6.
自然科学(化学含む)における数学の強さ 理論物理学者 1963年ノーベル物理学賞 写真はwikipediaより引用 。 1960年の論説タイトルより Eugene Paul Wigner
(1902– 1995) なんで数学がこんなに役に立つんや!(#゚Д゚) The unreasonable effectiveness of mathematics in the natural sciences 「自然科学における数学の理不尽なまでの有効さ」
7.
数学と自然の素敵な関係 109.5° 𝟐 1 白銀長方形 マラルディの角度 菱形十二面体 ガーネットの結晶メタンの構造 黄金長方形 Φ 1 109.5° 菱形三十面体 ペンローズタイル
(Al-Pd-Mn)合金の準結晶 画像はWikipediaより
8.
そんな数学の強さを見せつけられた分野で 「多面体」 「量子力学」 を紹介
9.
「多面体」
10.
とあるグラフ理論の多面体 4価(各頂点から4つの辺) の多面体群を示す グラフ理論からの式 Q = h2
+ k2 D. Fujita, Y. Ueda, . Sato, N Mizuno, T Kumasaka and M. Fujita, Nature, 2016, 540, 563-566.
11.
熱力学的に安定な構造に 自然とくっつけさせる自己集合のイメージ ブロックのイメー ジ 分子サイズのレゴブロック
12.
(正・半正)多面体を作ってみよう! MnL2n型錯体の合成一覧 正八面体 立方八面体 斜方立方八面体
二十・十二面 体 半正多面体 (アルキメデス多面体) 正多面体 (プラトン多面体) ① 各頂点に4つの辺 ② 辺の長さは同一。 斜方二十・十二面体 半正多面体 イメージはSPring8のプレスリリースから 引用。
13.
「ねじれた面構造」を許す多面体ができた ≡ M30L60 4価のゴールドバーグ多面 体 (特徴量Q=5)ゴールドバーグ多面体(Goldberg Polyhedron): 数学者Michael
Goldbergが1937年報告した「ねじれた面構造」を許す多面 体 イメージはJSTプレスリリースから引 用。
14.
もっと大きな多面体も出来た M48L9 6 4価のゴールドバーグ多面体 (特徴量Q=8) ≡ D. Fujita, Y.
Ueda, . Sato, N Mizuno, T Kumasaka and M. Fujita, Nature, 2016, 540, 563-566. 左図: 単結晶X線構造解析→最大エントロピー法による電子密度マップ 。 結晶作成に2-3か月。 結晶構造の70-75%はvoid space タンパク質結晶クラスの分解能2.85Å 右図: 模式図。
15.
もっと大きな多面体もできるかも?
16.
・原子サイズの自然法則を示す方程式 ・電子の粒子と波動の二重性を統合するために考案 ・確率論的に反応が起こる事を示唆 みんな大好きシュレディンガー方程式
17.
実際に確率論的に反応するか見てみましょう 「原子分解能単分子実時間電子顕微鏡イメージング(SMART-TEM)」 ・カーボンナノチューブを試験管に反応観察 外の筒がカーボンナノチューブ 中の赤色のボールがC60フラーレン イメージ 電顕イメージ 図は東京大学プレスリリースより引用 https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/2017/5616/#a4
18.
確率論で起こる反応の数を見て数えよう 電子線 [2+2]環化 Retro 環化 C-C再構築 つながっている様子を目で見て確認できる
19.
実際に数えてみた 化学反応は確率論的に起こるが統計学的には一定の法則で ある事を観察で実証 (今回は一次の式)
20.
イメージは東京大学プレスリリースより引用 https://www.s.u-tokyo.ac.jp/ja/press/2017/5616/#a4 量子力学の予測が正しいことが分かった!
21.
最後に
22.
数学勢のみんな! オラに知恵を分けてくれ!! 野沢雅子風に
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