This document discusses materials of construction used in nano plants, including metals like stainless steel, carbon steel, cast iron, aluminum, and lead as well as non-metals like rubber, plastic, and glass. It focuses on stainless steel grades SS304L and SS316L that are used for reactor shells, lines, and tanks due to their corrosion resistance. Electro polishing the stainless steel surfaces makes them smoother and less prone to contamination. Sanitary pumps and diaphragm valves with PTFE and polyamide materials are also discussed for their cleanability in nano plant applications.
2. MATERIAL OF CONSTRUCTION
Metals
1. Ferrous
I. Stainless steel
II. Carbon steel
III. Cast Iron
2. Non-ferrous
I. Aluminium
II. Lead
Non-Metals
1. Organic
I. Rubber
II. Plastic
2. In-Organic
I. Glass
3. 1. FERROUS
• Mostly used material for construction because of is mechanically strong
• Easy available
• Economical cost low
4. STAINLESS STEEL
1. Stainless steel – It is alloy of iron
2. Usually it contains chromium and nickel
3. Minor amount of – copper , molybdenum, selenium
5. TYPES OF STAINLESS STEEL
1. MARTENSITIC
Composition Chromium (12-20%)
Carbon (0.2-0.4%)
Nickel up to 2.0%
Advantages Mild resistant to corrosion atmospheric and organic
Disadvantages Ductility is poor
Uses Storage tanks , buckets
6. 2. FERRITIC ( ALPHA FORM)
Composition : Chromium (15-30%)
Carbon (0.1%)
Nickel (Nil)
Advantages : Better corrosion resistant
Resistant to oxidation and temperature (800°c)
Disadvantages : Not good against reducing agent and HCL
USES : Tower lining, pump shafts , separator
9. STAINLESS STEEL USE IN NANO PLANT
• SS316L :-
Composition : Chromium (16-18%)
Nickel (10-14%)
Molybdenum (2-3%)
Chromium : They can also withstand more heat than ordinary steel
Nickel : Increase the wear resistance
Molybdenum : Increase corrosion resistant
NANO PLANT USE : Reactor Shell Side , Pharma Lines ,Pumps
10. SS304L :-
Composition : Chromium 18%
Nickel 8%
NANO PLANT USE : Reactor limpet, chiller water tank
NOTE –
• SS316 has maximum carbon 0.08%
• SS316L has maximum carbon 0.03%
• SS304 has maximum carbon 0.07%
• SS304L has maximum carbon 0.03%
11. PHARMA PIPING IN NANO PLANT
• Water system may be source of contamination for our product (Nano urea) to
avoid this water circulated in continuous loop with ZDV ( zero dead leg valve)
• In continuous flow chances to microbial growth and form biofilms is very low
12. DEAD LEG
• In dead leg section chances of microbial growth occur due to stagnant of
water when this valve was close, for avoiding this use ZDV
13. WITHOUT ELECTRO POLISHING LINE IN NANO
1. Surface roughness due to microscopic peaks and troughs
2. Contamination prone surface due to possibility of bacteria sticking to uneven
surface
3. Reduced corrosion resistant ability
14. AFTER ELECTRO POLISHING IN NANO
• Smooth and uniform metal surface that is easy to clean
• Lesser contamination and bacteria growth
• Reduced friction and improve mechanical properties
• Improve corrosion resistant
15. NOTE-
• Orbital welding use in Pharma grade pipe lines in Nano.
Orbital welding is a technique where the welding tool s rotated through 360°around a static
work piece. Originally developed to solve the problem of operator error and allow for a
uniform weld around pipe.
16. SANITARY PUMP :-
• Sanitary pump are special pumping equipment constructed of mechanically
polished steel material (ss316L). And free of dead zone.
• Prevent the accumulation of bacteria and impurities.
• Better resistant against rouging
• Easy to clean
• Single shaft
17. DIAPHRAGM VALVE IN NANO :-
• Material of diaphragm – PTFE
• PTFE – Poly tetra fluoro ethylene
• PTFE property - Hydrophobic, non-wetting, high density and resistant to
high temperatures
• Diaphragm valve wheel material - Polyamide
