A shot and simple explanation on quantum computing.

1. Quantum
Computing

2. What is Quantum Computing?
⬡ Quantum computing is the use of quantum
mechanical phenomena such as superposition and entanglement to
perform computation. A quantum computer is used to perform such
computation, which can be implemented theoretically or physically.
⬡ Qubits are fundamental to quantum computing and are somewhat
analogous to bits in a classical computer.
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3. What's superposition?
⬡ In classical computing bits has two possible
states either zero or one. Qubits have special
properties that help them solve complex
problems much faster than classical bits. One
of these properties is superposition, which
states that instead of holding one binary
value (“0” or “1”) like a classical bit, a
qubit can hold a combination of “0” and “1”
simultaneously.
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⬡ Qubits have two possible outcomes zero or one but those states are superposition of zero
and one. In quantum world qubit don’t have to be in one state (they can be both). As soon
as we measure its value its has to decide whether it is zero or one. This is called
superposition.

4. What's a qubit?
⬡ A qubit (or quantum bit) is the quantum mechanical analogue
of a classical bit. In classical computing the information is
encoded in bits, where each bit can have the value zero or one.
In quantum computing the information is encoded in qubits. A
qubit is a two-level quantum system where the two basis qubit
states are usually written as ∣0⟩ and ∣1⟩. A qubit can be in
state ∣0⟩, ∣1⟩ or (unlike a classical bit) in a linear combination of
both states. The name of this phenomenon is superposition.
⬡ n bits = n bits but n Qubits = 2^n, so one qubit is 2^1 bits.
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6. What's quantum entanglement?
⬡ A quantum effect so unintuitive that
Einstein dubbed it “spooky action at a
distance.” When two qubits in a
superposition are entangled, certain
operations on one have instant effects on
the other, a process that helps quantum
algorithms be more powerful than
conventional ones.
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⬡ When two objects that obey quantum mechanics are created at the same
point in space and time, they could become entangled.

7. Quantum Teleportation
⬡ A Centre in the Gobi Desert carrying a
satellite called Micius, conducted a test
that became a success. Photon pairs
were demonstrated to be still entangled
after travelling long distances.
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⬡ They transferred information through them. This is an actual
demonstration of distant communication and in theory this is possible
even if the objects are light years apart.

8. ⬡ At present teleportation is
theoretically possible. But we
cannot actually transmit an object
as some kind of wave or
something to make this happen.
But we can transmit information
about the object.
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⬡ This means that we could send information about the object and
recreate the object at the other end. This is not possible when it comes
to teleporting humans or any other large objects.

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10. Quantum supremacy
⬡Quantum supremacy refers
to quantum computers being able to
solve a problem that a classical
computer cannot.
⬡Google solved the problem of
verifying that random numbers
generated by a quantum
computer are actually random.
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11. Will Quantum Computers
Replace Classical Computers ?
⬡ The simple answer is No. Quantum computer can do certain tasks
which require the property of quantum computer like entanglement and
super position faster and more efficiently. It can be used in medical
industries, space exploration, communication, etc.
⬡ Quantum computers could bring changes to Encryption and
Cybersecurity, Financial Services, Drug Research and Development,
Exponentially Faster Data Analysis etc.
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