Community Dentistry Third Year

1. 14-Apr-09
Measuring Dental Fluorosis
PDS 372
Dr. Asim Al-Ansari
Introduction
• What is dental fluorosis (DF)?
– Hypomineralization of the dental enamel caused
by the excessive ingestion of fluoride during tooth
development
• Severity of DF depends on:
– Quantity and timing of F ingestion
– Clinical appearance from
barely noticeable to
very dark brown stains
Introduction
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2. 14-Apr-09
Measuring Dental Fluorosis
• How can we measure fluorosis?
– Dean’s Fluorosis Index
– Community Fluorosis Index (CFI)
– Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis
– Fluorosis Risk Index
– Developmental Defects of Dental Enamel Index
Dean’s Fluorosis Index
• Introduced in early1930s
• Seven-point ordinal scale
Dean’s Fluorosis Index
• Introduced in early1930s
• Seven-point ordinal scale
• In 1942, it was revised to be a six-point scale
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3. 14-Apr-09
Dean’s Fluorosis Index
• Introduced in early1930s
• Seven-point ordinal scale
• In 1942, it was revised to be a six-point scale
Dean’s Fluorosis Index
• Introduced in early1930s
• Seven-point ordinal scale
• In 1942, it was revised to be a six-point scale
Dean’s Fluorosis Index
•
•
•
•
•
Introduced in early1930s
Seven-point ordinal scale
In 1942, it was revised to be a six-point scale
Each tooth is rated according to the scale
The individual’s score depends on the most
two severe teeth
• Commonly used in “prevalence” studies due
to its simplicity
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4. 14-Apr-09
Community Fluorosis Index (CFI)
• Modification of the Dean’s Index
• Numerical value is given to each category
• Its mainly used for comparative studies
• Criticism
of Dean’s
Index
Tooth Surface Index of Fluorosis (TSIF)
• Developed in 1984
• Measures the prevalence and severity of
fluorosis that is of public health significance
• More sensitive than Dean’s Index in
identifying the mildest forms of fluorosis
• A scale from 0 – 7 to each tooth in the mouth
• No need to dry teeth
• It can be used in primary and permanent
dentitions
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5. 14-Apr-09
Fluorosis Risk Index
• Designed for use in analytic studies
• Help identify risk factors for fluorosis
• Relates the risk factor to the developmental
stage
Fluorosis Risk Index
• Divides the buccal and occlusal surfaces of
each tooth into four zones based on the age at
which calcification begins
• Each zone is classified as
– Class 1: formation began in 1st year of life
– Class 2: formation began 3-6 years of life
Developmental
Defects of Dental Enamel Index
• It is a descriptive index
• Depends on the type and number (or
demarcation) of enamel defects on buccal and
lingual surfaces of all teeth
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6. 14-Apr-09
Developmental
Defects of Dental Enamel Index
• It is a descriptive index
• Depends on the type and number (or
demarcation) of enamel defects on buccal and
lingual surfaces of all teeth
Summary
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