11. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 11
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
12. Parameter Settings
C is the amp-hour battery capacity [Ah]
– e.g. C = 0.3, 1.4, or 2.8 [Ah]
NS is the number of cells in series
– e.g. NS=1 for 1 cell battery, NS=2 for 2 cells
battery (battery voltage is double from 1 cell)
SOC is the initial state of charge in percent
– e.g. SOC=0 for a empty battery (0%), SOC=1 for
a full charged battery (100%)
TSCALE turns TSCALE seconds into a second
– e.g. TSCALE=60 turns 60s or 1min into a second,
TSCALE=3600 turns 3600s or 1h into a second,
• From the Li-Ion Battery specification, the model is characterized by setting parameters
C, NS, SOC and TSCALE.
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 12
Model Parameters:
+ -
U1
LI-ION_BATTERY
SOC = 1
NS = 1
TSCALE = 1
C = 1.4
(Default values)
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
SPICE
13. • The battery information refer to a battery part number LIR18500 of EEMB BATTERY.
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 13
+ -
U1
LI-ION_BATTERY
SOC = 1
NS = 1
TSCALE = 60
C = 1.4
Battery capacity is
input as a model
parameter
Nominal Voltage 3.7V
Nominal
Capacity
Typical 1400mAh (0.2C discharge)
Charging Voltage 4.20V±0.05V
Charging Std. Current 700mA
Max Current
Charge 1400mA
Discharge 2800mA
Discharge cut-off voltage 2.75V
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
SPICE
18. + -
U1
LI-ION_BATTERY
SOC = 1
NS = 4
TSCALE = 60
C = 4.4
• The battery information refer to a battery part number PBT-BAT-0001 of BAYSUN Co., Ltd.
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 18
The number of cells in
series is input as a
model parameter
Output Voltage DC 12.8~16.4V
Capacity of Approximately 4400mAh
Input Voltage DC 20.5V
Charging Time About 5 hours
Basic Specification
Li-ion needs 4 cells
to reach this
voltage level
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
SPICE
23. 1. Benefit of the Model
2. Model Feature
3. Simulink Model of Lithium-Ion Battery
4. Concept of the Model
5. Pin Configurations
6. Li-Ion Battery Specification (Example)
6.1 Charge Time Characteristic
6.1.1 Charge Time Characteristic (Simulation Circuit)
6.1.2 Charge Time Characteristic (Simulation Settings)
6.2 Discharge Time Characteristic (Simulation Circuit)
6.2.1 Discharge Time Waveform - 1400mAh (0.2C discharge)
6.2.2 Discharge Time Waveform - 1400mAh (0.5C discharge)
6.2.3 Discharge Time Waveform - 1400mAh (1.0C discharge)
6.2.4 Discharge Time Characteristic (Simulation Settings)
6.3 Vbat vs. SOC Characteristic
6.3.1 Vbat vs. SOC Characteristic (Simulation Circuit)
6.3.2 Vbat vs. SOC Characteristic (Simulation Settings)
7. Extend the number of Cell (Example)
7.1.1 Charge Time Circuit - NS=4, TSCALE=3600
7.1.2 Charge Time Waveform - NS=4, TSCALE=3600
7.2.1 Discharge Time Circuit - NS=4, TSCALE=3600
7.2.2 Discharge Time Waveform - NS=4, TSCALE=3600
7.3 Charge & Discharge Time (Simulation Settings)
8. Port Specifications
Simulation Index
Appendix Diode
23Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
24. 1. Benefit of the Model
• The model enables circuit designer to predict
and optimize battery runtime and circuit
performance.
• The model can be easily adjusted to your
own battery specifications by editing a few
parameters that are provided in the datasheet.
• The model is optimized to
reduce the convergence error and the
simulation time
24Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
25. • This Li-Ion Battery Simplified Simulink Model is for users who require the
model of a Li-Ion Battery as a part of their system.
• Battery Voltage(Vbat) vs. Battery Capacity Level (SOC) Characteristic, that can
perform battery charge and discharge time at various current rate conditions,
are accounted by the model.
• As a simplified model, the effects of cycle number and temperature are
neglected.
VSOC
2
MINUS
1
PLUS
VOC
+-
Rtransient_S
+-
Rtransient_L
+-
Rseries
Ibatt
+-
Ctransient_S
+-
Ctransient_L
+-
Capacity
2. Model Feature
25
Battery Circuit Model
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
26. 3. Simulink Model of Lithium-Ion Battery
26
Equivalent Circuit of Lithium-Ion Battery Model using Matlab
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1
VSOC
2
MINUS
1
PLUS
f(x)=0
Solver
Configuration
PSS
V
+
-
PS S
+-
0.03
RTS
0.034
RTL
IBAT
RTS
CTS
CAH
N
TSCALE
RTCT_S
RTCT_S_EQV
IBAT
RTL
CTL
CAH
N
TSCALE
RTCT_L
RTCT_L_EQV
IBAT
RS
N
CAH
RSO
RS_EQV
0.045
RS
PS S
PSS
+
-
U
+
-
U
-K-
-K-
f(u)
SOC VOUT
EOCV
I
+
-
1800
CTS
15000
CTL
TSCALE
CAH
IBAT
SOC_SETTING
SOC0
CAPACITY
+-
4
%SOC
3
Tscale
2
C
1
NS
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
27. 4. Concept of the Model
27
Li-Ion battery
Simplified Simulink Model
[Spec: C, NS]
Adjustable SOC : 0-100(%)
+
-
• The model is characterized by parameters: C, which represent the battery
capacity and SOC, which represent the battery initial capacity level.
• Open-circuit voltage (VOC) vs. SOC is included in the model as a behavioral
model.
• NS (Number of Cells in series) is used when the Li-ion cells are in series to
increase battery voltage level.
Output
Characteristics
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
28. VB
VIN
5V
1
Tscale
100
Soc
V
+
I
+
-
SENSE_IBAT
PSS
PS S
OUTPUT
1
Ns
NS
C
Tscale
%SOC
VSOC
PLUS
MINUS
LI-ION_BATTERY
ICHG
0.5C (700mA)1.4
Capacity
5. Pin Configurations
C is the amp-hour battery capacity [Ah]
– e.g. C = 0.2, 1.4, or 2.0 [Ah]
NS is the number of cells in series
– e.g. NS=1 for 1 cell battery, NS=2 for 2 cells
battery (battery voltage is double from 1 cell)
SOC is the initial state of charge in percent
– e.g. SOC=0 for a empty battery (0%), SOC=100
for a full charged battery (100%)
TSCALE turns TSCALE seconds into a second
– e.g. TSCALE=60 turns 60s or 1min into a second
TSCALE=3600 turns 3600s or 1h into a second
• From the Li-Ion Battery specification, the model is characterized by setting parameters
C, NS, SOC and TSCALE.
28
Model Parameters:
Probe
“SOC”
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
32. 6.1.2 Charge Time Characteristic
Simulation Settings
32
Table 2: Simulation settings
Property Value
StartTime 0
StopTime 12000
AbsTol auto
InitialStep auto
ZcThreshold auto
MaxConsecutiveZCs 1000
NumberNewtonIterations 1
MaxStep 1
MinStep auto
MaxConsecutiveMinStep 1
RelTol 1e-3
SolverMode Auto
Solver ode23t
SolverName ode23t
SolverType Variable-step
SolverJacobianMethodControl auto
ShapePreserveControl DisableAll
ZeroCrossControl UseLocalSettings
ZeroCrossAlgorithm Adaptive
SolverResetMethod Fast
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
33. 6.2 Discharge Time Characteristic
Simulation Circuit
33
• Battery voltage vs. time are simulated at 0.2C, 0.5C, and 1C discharge rates.
battery starts from 100% of capacity
(fully charged)
VBAT
1
Tscale
100
Soc
V
+
-
PSS
1
Ns
NS
C
Tscale
%SOC
VSOC
PLUS
MINUS
LI-ION_BATTERY
IDIS
0.2C (280mA)
1.4
Capacity
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
45. 45
2200mA (0.5C)
16.4V
12.8V
Output
voltage
range
7.2.2 Discharge Time Waveform
NS=4, TSCALE=3600
• Output Voltage: 12.8~16.4V
• Capacity: 4400mAh
• Discharge Current: 2200mA (0.5C)
BATTERY PACK LI-ION 12.8~16.4V
Number of Cells: 4
(hour)
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
46. 7.3 Charge & Discharge Time
Simulation Settings
46
Table 5: Simulation settings
Property Value
StartTime 0
StopTime 8, 3
AbsTol auto
InitialStep auto
ZcThreshold auto
MaxConsecutiveZCs 1000
NumberNewtonIterations 1
MaxStep 0.01
MinStep auto
MaxConsecutiveMinStep 1
RelTol 1e-3
SolverMode Auto
Solver ode23t
SolverName ode23t
SolverType Variable-step
SolverJacobianMethodControl auto
ShapePreserveControl DisableAll
ZeroCrossControl UseLocalSettings
ZeroCrossAlgorithm Adaptive
SolverResetMethod Fast
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
47. 8. Port Specifications
47
Table 6
Parameter Simulink Simscape
NS O
C O
TSCALE O
%SOC O
VSOC O
PLUS O
MINUS O
VSOC
VIN
5V
60
Tscale
0
Soc
SENSE_
I
+
-
SENSE_IBAT
PS S
PS S
1
Ns
NS
C
Tscale
%SOC
VSOC
PLUS
MINUS
LI-ION_BATTERY
ICHG
0.5C
IBAT
1.4
Capacity
Battery Model
Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
48. Appendix
48Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
If Diode is error, Please choice Diode of SPICE-Compatiable
Semiconductors/Diode
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
49. Appendix
49Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
Setting of Diode
Emission coefficient ,ND Default Value change 0.01
1.リチウムイオン電池のシンプルモデル
MATLAB
50. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 50
2.ニッケル水素電池のシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
http://ow.ly/NQNU2
http://ow.ly/NQO3I
51. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 51
3.鉛蓄電池のシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
http://ow.ly/NQOhK
http://ow.ly/NQOo3
52. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 52
3.鉛蓄電池のシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
http://ow.ly/NQOhK
http://ow.ly/NQOo3
53. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 53
4.リチウムイオンのシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
http://ow.ly/NQOMH
http://ow.ly/NQOTT
54. Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015 54
5.電気二重層キャパシタのシンプルモデル
PSpice Version
LTspice Version
MATLAB Version
http://ow.ly/NQPmB
http://ow.ly/NQPso
55. How to Design of Power Management of
Hybrid Circuit(Battery and EDLC)
using LTspice Simple Model
LTspice Version
55Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
56. 1.Circuit Method
2.Battery System only
3.Battery and EDLC System
4.Conclusion
LTspice Version
SPICE Model using Simple Model by Bee Technologies
Lithium Ion Battery Model
http://www.bee-tech.info/simple-model-for-spice/lithium-ion-battery-model/
Electric Double-Layer Capacitor Model
http://www.bee-tech.info/simple-model-for-spice/edlc-model/
56Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
57. 1.Circuit Method
Battery System only Hybrid(Battery and EDLC) System
Lithium
Ion
Battery
Current
Load
Lithium
Ion
Battery
Current
Load
EDLC
Control
Current Load Profile
Hybrid(Battery and EDLC) System
If Current load >0.6[A], EDLC work
If Current load =<0.6[A], Lithium Ion Battery work
57Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
58. 1.Circuit Method
Current Load Profile
Hybrid(Battery and EDLC) System
If Current load >0.6[A], EDLC work
If Current load =<0.6[A], Lithium Ion Battery work
EDLC work
Lithium Ion Battery work
58Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
60. 2.Battery System only
Current Load
Battery Voltage
Battery SOC(%): 100->91.64
60Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
61. 3.Battery and EDLC System
61Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
62. Control
Battery Voltage
Battery SOC(%): 100->94.32
3.Battery and EDLC System
Current Load
EDLC Voltage
62Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例
63. 4. Conclusion
Battery System only Hybrid(Battery and EDLC) System
Lithium
Ion
Battery
Current
Load
Lithium
Ion
Battery
Current
Load
EDLC
Control
SOC[%]
Start Stop
Lithium Ion
Battery
100 91.64
SOC[%]
Start Stop
Lithium Ion Battery 100 94.32
If high Current wave form quickly, Hybrid Circuit is better.
63Copyright(C) Siam Bee Technologies 2015
6.二次電池とキャパシタのハイブリッド回路シミュレーション事例