Is your organization planning a renovation or expansion? Maybe you'd like to conduct building maintenance to prevent a future emergency? There are multiple hazards and toxins that need to be taken into consideration before starting a construction project. If hazards are not properly identified, tested and removed, they have the potential to derail a project. This presentation will show you how to handle hazardous building materials from the perspective of two environmental engineers.
3. During This Webinar
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๏ผ Unanswered questions will be responded to
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๏ผ Webinar recording and slides will be emailed
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4. Meet Your Presenters
Ryan Miller
Engineering Project Manager
Triumvirate Environmental
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Maria Borejsza-Wysocka
Environmental Engineer
Triumvirate Environmental
7. Asbestos: What Is It?
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The โMiracleโ Fiber
โข Widely used for many reasons:
๏งResistant to heat, electricity, and chemicals
๏งSound absorbent
๏งHas a high tensile strength
๏งAble to be woven into cloth
8. 8
Types of Asbestos
โข Serpentine (Chrysotile)
๏ง Quickly cleared in the human lung,
๏ง Distinct morphology,
๏ง Fibers often โclumpedโ in air
โข Amphibole (Amosite and
Crocidolite)
๏ง Biopersistant
๏ง Straight spear like fibers
10. 1
0
How Do You Identify Asbestos?
โข Laboratory analysis
๏ง Cannot identify an asbestos
fiber by the naked eye
โข Licensed asbestos
inspector
โข Specific methodology
for sampling
11. 11
Asbestos Sampling
OSHA 40 CFR 763.86
โข Prescriptive sampling methods
US EPA Pink Book
โข Summarizes the Asbestos Hazard
Emergency Response Act (AHERA)
sampling guidelines
14. 14
Asbestos Sampling
โข Miscellaneous Materials
๏ง At least one sample shall be collected from each suspected
miscellaneous material. (EPA)
๏ง OSHA says: In a manner sufficient to determine whether material is
ACM or not ACM, collect bulk samples from each homogeneous area
of friable miscellaneous material that is not assumed to be ACM.
15. 15
Definitions
โข The US EPA defines ACM as
material containing >1% asbestos.
โข MA DEP has requirements for
asbestos containing waste
material (ACWM) for specific
materials (vermiculite) containing
1% asbestos or less.
๏ง Non-routine asbestos abatement work
16. 16
Itโs Identified, Now What?
โข Abatement
๏ง Performed by licensed contractor
๏ง Requires 10 working day notification to the
state
๏ง Clearance sampling
๏ง Re-occupancy
โข Management
๏ง Asbestos Management Plan or O&M Plan
๏ง Asbestos awareness training
17. 17
Case Study
โข Facility wide asbestos inspection and management plan
โข 12 buildings assessed, one for pre-demolition and the others for an O&M plan
โข Over 300 samples collected over the course of 6 business days
โข Asbestos identified in roofing materials, TSI, mastic, floor tiles, fume hood panels, etc.
โข Continues management and inspection of areas identified
19. 19
History of Use
โข Lead Pipes
๏ง Lead has been used in plumbing for centuries
๏ง Majority of buildings built prior to the 1980s have lead in
their plumbing infrastructure
๏ง 1986: SDWA prohibited use of pipe, solder, or flux in
public water systems that was not โlead freeโ
โข Lead Paint
๏ง Lead based paint has been used for centuries
๏ง 1951 first ban on the use of lead based paint
๏ง Majority of buildings built prior to the 1978 have lead-
based paint
23. 23
Exposure
โข Areas of concern are painted surface
๏ง Walls and ceilings
๏ง Windows and window sills
๏ง Doors and door frames
๏ง Stairs, railing, banister, and porches
๏ง Woodwork (baseboards and molding)
โข Routes of exposure
๏ง Inhalation
๏ง Ingestion
27. 27
Laws and Regulations
โข Safe Drinking Water Act (1986)
โNo person may use any pipe or plumbing fitting or fixture, any solder, or flux, after June
19, 1986, in the installation or repair of: (i) any public water system; or (ii) any plumbing
in a residential or non residential facility providing water for human consumption, that is
not lead free (within the meaning of subsection (d))
Effective 2 years after August 6, 1996, it shall be unlawful-
(A) For any person to introduce into commerce any pipe, or any pipe or plumbing
fixture, that is not lead free, except for a pipe that is used in manufacturing or
industrial processing;
(B) For any person engaged in the business of selling plumbing supplies, except
manufacturers, to sell solder or flux that is not lead free; or
(C) For any person to introduce into commerce any solder or flux that is not lead free
unless the solder or flux bears a prominent label that it is illegal to use the solder or
flux in the installation or repair of any plumbing providing water for human
consumption.โ
-1417(a)(1)(A)
28. 28
Laws and Regulations
โข Lead and Copper Rule (1991)
(1) The lead action level is exceeded if the concentration of lead in more than 10
percent of tap water samples collected during any monitoring period conducted in
accordance with ยง141.86 is greater than 0.015 mg/L (i.e., if the โ90th percentileโ
lead level is greater than 0.015 mg/L). - ยง141.80
โข Reduction of Lead in Drinking Water Act (2011)
โโฆthe term โlead freeโ means- (A) not containing more than 0.2 percent lead when
used with respect to solder and flux; and (B) not more than a weighted average of
0.25 percent lead when used with respect to the wetted surface of pipe, pipe fitting,
plumbing fittings, and fixturesโ 1417(Sec.2)
29. 29
Laws and Regulations
โข Toxic Substances Control Act
(1976)
โข U.S. EPA Lead Renovation,
Repair, and Painting Rule
๏ง Lead-Based Paint: paint with lead levels โฅ
1.0 mg/cm2 or more than 0.5% by weight
30. 30
Lead is Identified, Now What?
Lead in Water
โข Measures to reduce lead in
drinking water:
๏ง Flush your pipes prior to
drinking
๏ง Only use cold water for eating
and drinking
๏ง Install a water filter or treatment
system
๏ง Remove the pipes containing
lead and dispose the waste
accordingly
๏ง Reduce the corrosiveness of the
water
โข Shut down the system
โข Label water outlets accordingly
Lead in Paint
โข Measures to reduce exposure
to lead
๏ง Inspect and maintain all painted
surfaces
๏ง Address water damage quickly
and completely
๏ง Keep building dust free
โข Lead Paint Abatement
โข Remove the waste accordingly
34. 34
History and Background
โข Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCBs): 1929 to 1979
๏ง 1929 โ PCBs first manufactured
๏ง 1960s โ Production decreased in 1960s
๏ง Early 1970s โ all uses of PCBs in United States are confined to closed
systems
๏ง 1977 โ PCB manufacturing in the United States ends
๏ง 1979 โ PCBs banned in the United States
โข Properties
๏ง Chemically Stable
๏ง Non-Flammable
๏ง High Boiling Point
๏ง Tasteless and odorless
๏ง Good Insulators
35. 35
Commercial Uses
โข Electrical equipment
โข Fluorescent light ballasts
โข Transformers and capacitors
โข Motor and hydraulic system oil
โข Thermal insulation
โข Adhesives and tapes
โข Oil-based paint
โข Caulking
โข Plastics
โข Floor finishes
36. 36
Exposure
โข Routes of Exposure
๏ง Inhalation
๏ง Dermal routes
โข Activities:
๏ง During repair or removal of older
construction materials (i.e., paint,
plaster, and caulk)
๏ง Leak or release form electrical
equipment
37. 37
Health Effects
โข Cancer
โข Immune effects
โข Reproductive effects
โข Neurological effects
โข Endocrine effects
โข Not acutely toxic to humans
39. 39
Laws and Regulations
โข Toxic Substances Control Act
(TSCA)
๏ง 40 CFR Part 761
โข Definition of Bulk Waste vs.
Remediation Waste
๏ง 40 CFR ยง761.61 and 761.62
40. 40
PCBs is Identified, Now What?
โข Reduce exposure to PCBs
๏ง Remove PCB containing fluorescent light
ballasts
๏ง Remove building material: caulk, masonry,
wood and bricks contaminated or containing
PCBs
๏ง Encapsule PCB containing material
โข Dispose PCB waste accordingly
43. What is Mercury?
โข Naturally occurring element that in its
pure form is a liquid that volatizes
readily
โข Exposure at high levels can harm the
brain, heart, kidneys, lungs, and
immune systems
โข Mercury vapor is colorless and
odorless
44. Where Can
It Be Found?
Thermometers
Barometers
Manometers
Light bulbs
Thermostats
Coal and other rocks
Coal-burning power plants are the
largest human-caused source of
mercury emissions to the air in the
United States
46. 46
Mercury in Plumbing
โข Relic plumbing
๏ง Mercury poured into drains can remain in
the plumbing indefinitely, until it is
physically removed or the plumbing is
replaced
โข Often overlooked
โข Mercury remediation is costly
and time consuming
48. Mercury Vapor
Measurement
โข Various methods are used to detect
and quantify mercury vapors in air
โข Vapor detection limits vary
significantly
โข Regulations and guidance
concentrations can be in milligrams
per cubic meter (mg/m3),
micrograms per cubic meter (ug/m3),
or nanograms per cubic meter
(ng/m3)
51. Mercury Meter Interferences
โข Potential interferences to the Jerome 431-X mercury vapor analyzer have been
identified and are listed in the Manufactures Owners Manual
โข Erroneously high readings can sometimes occur with the presence of:
๏ง Hydrocarbons
๏ง High levels of CO, CO2, and SO2
๏ง Water vapor/condensation
๏ง Chlorine and Ammonia
๏ง NO2
๏ง Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
๏ง Most mercaptans (organic sulfur compounds or โthiolsโ)
โข There are no known interferences with the Jerome J505 or Lumex meters
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52. Regulations and
Guidance
โข OSHA established a PEL as a ceiling value of
0.1 mg/m3, the only legally enforceable federal
U.S. standard
โข NIOSH set a REL of 0.05 mg/m3 as a 10-hour,
time weighted average
โข The ACGIH recommended the most recent
occupational exposure standard as the TLV-
TWA of 0.025 mg/m3
โข The ATSDR recommends risk managers
isolate humans from mercury spills when a
concentration level of โฅ 0.01 mg/m3
54. Worker Health and Safety
Spills within a facility can pose a threat
to worker health and safety and to
building occupants:
โข Improper PPE
โข Cross Contamination
โข โHot Spotsโ
โข Improper Clean Up
โข Improper Waste Disposal
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56. Waste Disposal
โข The most common disposal method is
mercury retort
โข Solid and liquid bearing wastes are put
through a controlled high vacuum retort
system that recycles mercury
โข The mercury can be recycled up to
99.99995% purity, and can be used on a
wide variety of applications
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58. Case Study: Mercury in Lab Piping
โข Remove each sink trap, collect the
contents, and screen with a Jerome
J-505
โข Traps with detections were removed
and containerized for proper disposal
โข Remaining laboratory waste piping
was screened, and any piping with
detections was cut and containerized
for proper disposal
โข All piping was removed until there
were no detections on the Jerome
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60. Summary
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โข It is important to know what materials are present prior to
construction or renovations to handle the building
material/waste accordingly.
โข Pipes in your building may contain lead, mercury or asbestos.
โข It is important to assess a variety of building material to
determine if they are hazardous.
โข Planning ahead will save you time and money during your
renovations and construction projects.