Basics of C Language

1. C Language
BY DINESH

2. History of C Language
C Programming is a general purpose,
procedural, imperative, simple and flexible
language of computer programming
languages, developed in 1972 by AT&T
(American Telephone and Telegraph)
laboratories in Denis Martin Ritchie, USA.
Dennis Ritchie is known as the father of
the C language.
It was created to deal with the problem of
earlier languages like B, BCPL.
First, the language C was developed for
use in Unix operating systems. Inherits
many features of previous languages such
as B and BCPL.

3. Let us look at the programming languages ​​created before
language
C
Language Year Developed by
ALGOL 1960 International Group
BCPL 1967 Martin Richard
B 1970 Ken Thompson
Traditional C 1972 Dennis Ritchie
K&RC 1978 Kernighan & Dennis Ritchie
ANSI C 1989 ANSI Committee
ANSI/ISO C 1990 ISO Committee
C99 1999 Standardization Committee

4. Why we need to Learn C
Language?
 C programming language is a MUST for students
and working professionals to became a great
software Engineer specially when they are working in
software Development Company.
 I will list down some of the advantages and
disadvantages
below:

5. Advantages
Easy to learn
Portable language
structured language
It produces efficient
programs
It can handle low-
level activities
High speed
execution
It can be compiled
on various computer
platforms
No translation is
needed
Allocation of
dynamic memory

6. Disadvantages
Machine
dependent.
Programming
is very
difficult.
Difficult to
understand.
Difficult to
write bug free
programs.
Difficult to
isolate an
error.

7. Why C in Engineering
Modern Engineer’s
education is
incomplete if he is
unaware of coding.
Embedded systems
are also programmed
using c language.
Microcontrollers are
designed using C
language only.
Most of the system
level programming
done using C.
Structural
Engineering
applications also
done by C Language.
Ex:AUTOCAD

8. Salient Features of C language
Simple
 C is a simple language in the sense that provides a structured approach
(to break up problems into parts), a rich set of library functions, data types
etc…
case sensitivity
 C language is case sensitive. It treats small and big characters differently.
For example, if we declare variable ‘f’ of integer type, it would make perfect
sense to type ‘x’ instead of ‘x
Machine is independent or portable
 Unlike assembly language, C programs can be applied to different
computers with some mechanical modifications. Therefore, C is an
independent machine language.

9. Salient Features of C Language
 Mid-level language of the project
C is used for low-level programs. It is used to build computer applications
such as kernels and drivers. It also supports high-level language features.
 Structured Programming Language
C is a structured programming language which means that we can break the
program function into parts. Therefore, it is easy to understand and change.
Code reuse functions are also provided.
 Rich library
C provides a number of built-in functions that accelerate development.

10. Salient Features of C Language
 Memory management
It supports the fluctuating memory feature. In C language, you can free
the allocated memory at any time by calling the free () function.
 Speed
The assembly time and execution of C language is faster because the
underlying functions are less, so the overhead will be smaller.
 Pointer
C provides a feature point. We can communicate directly with memory
using pointers. We can use pointers in memory, structures, functions,
arrays and so on.

11. Salient Features of C Language
 Recursion
In C, we can call a function within a function. It provides code reuse for each
function. The iteration allows us to use regression techniques.
 Extensible
The C language is expandable because it can easily adapt to new features.
 Modularity
Saving language code as libraries for future use is called C-limiting concept.

12. Salient Features of C Language
 Statically type
The C language is the standard typed language. This means that variable
types are evaluated during assembly, but not during operation. This means
that whenever a programmer has a program, they should specify the type of
the variable.
 GPL (General Purpose Language)
The C language is used for many types of applications, such as photo editing
software. Some common applications use the C language below:
• Operating System: Windows, Linux, iOS, Android, etc.
• Database: PostgreSQL, Oracle, MySQL etc.

13. Salient Features of C Language
 Portability
C languages ​​are programs written in C language that can run on any
computer with or without minor modifications.
 Dynamic type
Language C supports dynamic memory allocation of memory. This feature
facilitates memory usage and administration. Of all the features of C, this
feature is unique. In dynamic memory allocation, you can resize the data
structure at runtime using some pre-defined functions in the C library:
 Malloc(), calloc (), free () and realloc ()

14. Basic C Program
#
#Include<stdio.h>
//Where program execution starts
int main()
{
//To print Hello C Language
Printf("Hello C Language");
return 0;
}
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