Ngữ pháp cơ bản Tiếng Anh hust

1. GRAMMAR
-YTA-
NGỮ PHÁP CƠ BẢN
Bài tập ngữ pháp

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Xin chào mọi người,
Tài liệu Ngữ Pháp Tiếng Anh Cơ Bản này mình thiết kế riêng cho những bạn đã mất gốc Tiếng
Anh, hoặc những bạn đã có kiến thức nền nhưng muốn ôn tập và vững chắc ngữ pháp hơn.
Nội dung cuốn sách bao gồm các thì, động từ khuyết thiếu, câu điều kiện, câu bị động, mệnh đề
quan hệ, danh từ, đại từ, tính từ, trạng từ, câu so sánh và liên từ.
Để học tốt cuốn sách, mọi người hãy đọc thật kỹ lý thuyết, tự vẽ sơ đồ hoặc viết lại theo cách hiểu
của bản thân. Khi làm bài tập, hãy làm chậm và suy nghĩ sự liên quan giữa bài tập và lý thuyết đã
học. Học ngữ pháp song song từ vựng, làm nhiều lần để cho kết quả tốt nhất.
Đối với các bạn tham gia khóa học TOEIC 0-450+, mục tiêu của mình trong 20 buổi học đầu bao
gồm vừa vững các chủ đề ngữ pháp vừa tích lũy thêm từ vựng thông qua bài tập, luyện âm và
tập dịch câu – tất cả công việc này sẽ bổ trợ cho nhau, giúp ta đọc – nghe tốt hơn, điểm bài thi tốt
hơn. Trong bài thi TOEIC, phần kiểm tra ngữ pháp chỉ chiếm khoảng 10%, tuy nhiên, chỉ vì chưa
vững ngữ pháp, mà dù biết từ vựng ta vẫn không thể dịch hoặc hiểu chính xác ý của câu trong toàn
bài. Có thể nói, ngữ pháp là bước đầu tiên chúng ta cần nắm được để đi xa hơn với ngôn ngữ Anh.
Cuối cùng, có hai câu nói như sau, mình hy vọng các bạn sẽ ghi nhớ, áp dụng trong việc học Tiếng
Anh, cũng như đối với phần ngữ pháp này. Thứ nhất, đó là: “Hành trình vạn dặm bắt đầu từ một
bước chân”. Chúng ta hãy mạnh dạn, mở từng trang để học, làm từng bài tập một, đừng vội vàng,
hãy đi từng bước một. Câu thứ hai là: “Tôi không sợ người học 1000 bài ngữ pháp, tôi sợ người
học “một” bài ngữ pháp “1000 lần”. Ở đây, khuyên chúng ta học thật kỹ từng bài, nếu lần một
chưa kỹ, hãy học lại, học lại lần nữa và lần nữa. Hãy đảm bảo rằng chúng ta đã nắm vững bài một
trước khi đến bài hai, từ đó mỗi bước đi của bạn đều vững chắc và dễ dàng hơn rất nhiều!!
Chúc mọi người có một hành trình thật đáng nhớ với những bước đi đầu tiên này
– hãy nhớ, bước từng bước vững chắc nha!!!

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Unit 1: Present continuous /ˌprez. ənt kənˈtɪn.ju. əs/ – Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
(+) S + am/is/are + Ving
(-) S + am/is/are + not + Ving
(?) Wh_ + am/is/are + S + Ving?
• Wh_ + am/is/are + Ving?
I am = I’m
He/She/It is = He’s
We/You/They are = We’re
- Chỉ hành động “đang xảy ra” tại thời
điểm nói
- Chỉ hành động xảy ra “xung quanh thời
điểm nói”
➔ Chỉ mang tính tạm thời
- Diễn tả một hành động xảy ra trong
tương lai; “đã được lên kế hoạch” và sắp
xếp trước; khả năng xảy ra cao
- She is driving to work
(Cô ấy đang lái xe tới chỗ làm)
- Linh wants to have a good
job, so she’s learning
English.
(*có thể tại thời điểm nói, Linh
đang không học Tiếng Anh)
- I am visiting my parents
next week.
(Sang tuần, tôi sẽ về thăm ba
mẹ)
- now ~ at the moment ~
at present: bây giờ, hiện
nay.
- today (hôm nay), this
week (tuần này), this
year (năm nay)
- Trong câu có các từ như:
Look! Watch! (nhìn kìa);
Listen! (nghe này); Keep
silent! (hãy im lặng);
Watch out! = Look out!
(coi chừng); Be careful!
(hãy cẩn thận)
Cách dùng Ví dụ Dấu hiệu

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Các nguyên tắc thêm đuôi “-ing”
1. Các động từ kết thúc đuôi “e” thì ta bỏ “e” trước khi thêm “-ing”:
- invite -> inviting invite /ɪnˈvaɪt/ (v): mời
- write -> writing write /raɪt/ (v): viết
2. Các động từ kết thúc đuôi “ie” thì ta đổi “ie” thành “y” trước khi thêm “-ing”:
- lie -> lying lie /laɪ/ (v): nằm; nói dối
- tie -> tying tie /taɪ/ (v): cột, buộc, trói
3. Các động từ đuôi “ee” thì giữ nguyên và thêm “-ing”:
- see -> seeing see /siː/ (v): nhìn
4. Khi động từ theo nguyên tắc “phụ âm – nguyên âm – phụ âm” thì gấp đôi phụ âm cuối rồi thêm
“-ing”:
- stop -> stopping stop /stɑːp/ (v): dừng
- plan -> planning plan /plæn/ (v): lên kế hoạch
- begin -> beginning begin /bɪˈɡɪn/ (v): bắt đầu
Bài tập 1: Chia các động từ sau ở thì hiện tại tiếp diễn, gạch chân dấu hiệu nếu có
1. Be careful! The car (go) _______________________ so fast.
2. Listen! Someone (cry) _______________________ in the next room.
- cry /kraɪ/ (v): khóc T.T
3. ___ your brother (sit) ____________________ next to the beautiful girl over there at present?
- over there: đằng kia
4. Now they (try) _______________________ to pass the examination.
- try + to V: cố gắng làm gì - pass /pæs/ (v): vượt qua; băng qua
5. It’s 12 o’clock, and my parents (cook) _______________________ lunch in the kitchen.
- parents /ˈper.ənt/ (n): bố mẹ
6. Keep silent! You (talk) _______________________ so loudly.
- loudly /ˈlaʊdli/ (adv): ồn ào, to tiếng
7. I (not stay) _______________________ at home at the moment.
8. Now she (lie) _______________________ to her mother about her bad marks.
- mark /mɑːrk/ (n): điểm số
9. At present they (travel) _______________________ to New York.
- travel /ˈtræv.əl/ (v): di chuyển, đi du lịch
10. He (not work) _______________________ in his office now.
- office /ˈɑː.fɪs/ (n): văn phòng

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11. He (not read) _______________________ at present.
12. I (look) _______________________ for Christine. Do you know where she is?
- look for (v): tìm kiếm
13. It (get) _______________________ dark. Shall I turn on the light?
- dark /dɑːrk/ (a): tối -> get dark: trở nên tối
- turn on (v): bật
- light /laɪt/ (n): điện sáng
14. They (build)_______________________ a new supermarket in the center of the town.
- build /bɪld/ (v): xây dựng
- town /taʊn/ (n): thị trấn
15. Have you got an umbrella? It (start) _______________________ to rain.
- umbrella /ʌmˈbrel.ə/ (n): cái ô
16. You (make) _________________ a lot of noise. Can you be quieter? I am trying to concentrate.
- quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ (a): yên tĩnh, yên lặng -> quieter (a): yên lặng hơn
- concentrate /ˈkɑːn.sən.treɪt/ (v): tập trung
17. Why are all those people here? What (happen) _______________________?
18. Please don’t make so much noise. I (try) _______________________ to work.
19. Let’s go out now. It (not rain) _______________________ any more.
- go out (v): ra ngoài, đi chơi
20. You can turn off the radio. I (not listen) _______________________ to it.
- turn off (v): tắt
Bài tập 2: Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng
1. Andrew has just started evening classes. He _________________ German.
A. are learning B. is learning C. am learning D. learning
2. The workers _________________ a new house right now.
A. are building B. am building C. is building D. build
3. Tom _________________ two poems at the moment?
A. are writing B. are writeing C.is writeing D. is writing
- poem /ˈpoʊ.əm/ (n): bài thơ
4. The chief engineer _________________ all the workers of the plant now.
A. is instructing B. are instructing C. instructs D. instruct

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- engineer /ˌen.dʒɪˈnɪr/ (n): kỹ sư
- chief /tʃiːf/ (n): trưởng; đứng đầu
- instruct /ɪnˈstrʌkt/ (v): hướng dẫn ~ teach (v)
- plant /plænt/ (n): nhà máy
5. He _________________ his pictures at the moment.
A. isn’t paint B. isn’t painting C. aren’t painting D. don’t painting
- paint /peɪnt/ (v): vẽ; sơn -> painting (n): bức vẽ; paint (n): sơn
6. We _________________ the herbs in the garden at present.
A. don’t plant B. doesn’t plant C. isn’t planting D. aren’t planting
- plant /plænt/ (v): trồng
- herb /ɝːb/ - /hɜːb/ (n): thảo mộc
7. Your father _________________ your motorbike at the moment.
A. is repairing B. are repairing C. don’t repair D. doesn’t repair
- repair /rɪˈper/ (v) = fix (v): sửa chữa
8. Look! The man _________________ the children to the cinema.
A. is takeing B. are taking C. is taking D. are takeing
- take + sb/smt + to …: đưa ai/cái gì tới …
9. Listen! The teacher_________________ a new lesson to us.
A. is explaining B. are explaining C. explain D. explains
- explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ (v): giải thích
- lesson /ˈles.ən/ (n): bài học
10. They _________________ tomorrow.
A. are coming B. is coming C. coming D. comes
- tomorrow /təˈmɔːr.oʊ/: ngày mai
Bài tập 3*: Tìm lỗi sai và viết lại cho đúng
1. Are you do homework right now? homework /ˈhoʊm.wɝːk/ (n): bài tập về nhà
___________________________________________________________________________
2. The children play football in the back yard at the moment. yard /jɑːrd/ (n): sân
___________________________________________________________________________
3. What does your elder sister doing?
___________________________________________________________________________

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4. Look! Those people are fight with each other. fight /faɪt/ (v): đánh, chiến đấu
___________________________________________________________________________
5. Noah is tries very hard for the upcoming exam. upcoming /ˈʌpˌkʌm.ɪŋ/ (a): sắp tới
___________________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 4*: Viết lại những câu sau, dựa vào từ cho sẵn
1. My/ father/ water/ some plants/ the/ garden. water /ˈwɑː.t̬ɚ/ (v): tưới nước
___________________________________________________________________________
2. My/ mother/ clean/ floor/. floor /flɔːr/ (n): sàn nhà
___________________________________________________________________________
3. Mary/ have/ lunch/ her/ friends/ a/ restaurant. have lunch /lʌntʃ/ (v): ăn trưa
___________________________________________________________________________
4. They/ ask/ a/ man/ about/ the/ way/ the/ railway/ station. way to V/smt: cách …
___________________________________________________________________________
5. My/ student/ draw/ a/ beautiful/ picture draw /drɑː/ (v): vẽ
___________________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 5*: Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây với dạng đúng của động từ
get /ɡet/ (v):
trở nên; nhận, lấy
happen /ˈhæp.ən/ (v):
xảy ra
look /lʊk/ (v):
nhìn
lose /luːz/ (v):
mất; thua
make /meɪk/ (v):
tạo ra
start /stɑːrt/ (v):
bắt đầu
stay /steɪ/ (v):
ở
try /traɪ/ (v):
+ to V: cố gắng
1. I _____________________________ for Christine. Do you know where she is?
2. It _____________________________ dark. Shall I turn on the light?
3. They don’t have anywhere to live at the moment. They _____________________________
with friends until they find somewhere.
4. Things are not so good at work. The company _____________________________ money.
5. Have you got an umbrella? It _____________________________ to rain.
6. You _______________ a lot of noise. Can you be quieter? I ______________ to concentrate.
7. Why are all these people here? What _____________________________?

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Bài tập 6: Chia dạng đúng của động từ, có thể ở dạng PHỦ ĐỊNH (not)
1. Tim _________________________ (work) this week. He’s on holiday.
2. I _________________________ (get) tired. I need a rest.
3. Paul and Sally have had an argument. They ______________________ (speak) to each other.
4. Andrew has just started evening classes. He _________________________ (learn) German.
5. I want to lose weight, so this week I _________________________ (eat) lunch.
6. Kate phoned me last night. She’s on holiday in France. She _________________________
(have) a great time and doesn’t want to come back.
7. You can turn off the radio. I _________________________ (listen) to it.

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Unit 2: Present simple /ˌprez.ənt ˈsɪm.pəl/ – Thì hiện tại đơn
Trường hợp Động từ chính là “tobe”
(+) S + am/is/are + …
(-) S + am/is/are + not + …
(?) Wh_ + am/is/are + S + …?
- She is very happy.
- We are not alone.
- They’re doctors.
Trường hợp là Động từ thường
(+) S + V or Vs/es
(-) S + do/does + not + V
(?) Wh_ + do/does + S + V?
• Wh_ + V or Vs/es?
I V do
He/She/It Vs/es does
You/We/They V do
do not = don’t
does not = doesn’t
- Chỉ hành động “lặp đi lặp lại”: thói
quen, chân lí, sự thật hiển nhiên.
- Nurses look after patients
in hospitals.
(Các y tá chăm sóc bệnh nhân
ở bệnh viên)
- I usually go away at
weekends.
(Tôi thường xuyên ra ngoài vào
cuối tuần)
- The earth goes round the
sun.
(Trái đất quay xung quanh mặt
trời)
- always (luôn luôn); usually
(thường xuyên); sometimes
~ often (thi thoảng); never
(không bao giờ)
- every day/week … (hàng
ngày/tuần …)
- once a month: một lần một
tháng
- twice a year: hai lần một
năm …

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Các nguyên tắc thêm đuôi “s/es”
1. Các động từ kết thúc đuôi “o – s – x – z – ch - sh” thì ta thêm “es”
- wash -> washes wash /wɑːʃ/ (v): rửa, giặt, lau chùi
- teach -> teaches teach /tiːtʃ/ (v): dạy
2. Các động từ kết thúc đuôi “y” thì ta đổi “y” thành “i” và thêm “es”:
- fly -> flies fly /flaɪ/ (v): bay
- tidy -> tidies tidy /ˈtaɪ.di/ (v): dọn dẹp, làm cho ngăn nắp
Cách phát âm đuôi “s/es”
1. Phát âm là /iz/ khi từ tận cùng bằng các phụ âm gió /s/, /z/, / ʃ/, /t ʃ / ʒ/, / dʒ/ (thường từ vựng
có tận cùng là các chữ: s – ss – ch – sh – x – z – o – ge – ce)
- washes /wɑːʃiz/ (v): giặt giũ
- teaches /tiːtʃiz/ (v): dạy
- miss /mɪsiz/ (v): nhớ
- changes /tʃeɪndʒiz/ (v): thay đổi
2. Phát âm là /s/ khi từ tận cùng là các phụ âm / θ/ /k/, /p/, /f/, /t/ (cách nhớ: thôi không phải phí
tiền)
- books /bʊks/ (v): đặt trước
- laugh /læfs/ (v): cười
- stop /stɑːps/ (v): dừng
3. Phát âm là /z/ khi tận cùng là các âm còn lại
- plans /plænz/ (v): lên kế hoạch

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Bài tập 1: Khoanh tròn đáp án đúng của động từ và gạch chân dấu hiệu của thì nếu có
1. Police catch/ catches robbers. police /pəˈliːs/ (n): cảnh sát
2. My dad is a driver. He always wear/ wears a white coat. wear /wer/ (v): mặc
3. They never drink/ drinks beer.
4. Lucy go/ goes window-shopping seven times a month.
5. She have/ has a pen.
6. Mary and Marcus eat out/ eats out every day. eat out (v): ăn ngoài
7. Mark usually watch/ watches TV before going to bed.
8. Maria is a teacher. She teach/ teaches students.
Bài tập 2: Điền trợ động từ ở dạng phủ định (don’t/doesn’t + V)
1. I ________________ like tea.
2. He ________________ play football in the afternoon.
3. You ________________ go to bed at midnight. midnight /ˈmɪd.naɪt/: giữa đêm
4. They________________ do the homework on weekends.
5. The bus ________________ arrive at 8.30 a.m. arrive /əˈraɪv/ (v): đến
6. My brother ________________ finish work at 8 p.m finish /ˈfɪn.ɪʃ/ (v): kết thúc, hoàn thành
7. Our friends ________________ live in a big house.
8. The cat ________________ like me.
Bài tập 3: Chia động từ ở dạng đúng
1. It (be) _______________ a fact that smart phone (help) _______________ us a lot in our life.
- fact /fækt/ (n): sự thật
2. I often (travel) _______________ to some of my favorite destinations every summer.
- destination /ˌdes.təˈneɪ.ʃən/ (n): điểm đến
3. Our Math lesson usually (finish) _______________ at 4.00 p.m.
4. The reason why Susan (not eat) ______________ meat is that she (be) ______ a vegetarian.
- vegetarian /ˌvedʒ.əˈter.i.ən/ (n): người ăn chay
5. People in Ho Chi Minh City (be) _______ very friendly and they (smile) __________ a lot.
6. The flight (start) _______________ at 6 a.m. every Thursday.
- flight /flaɪt/ (n): chuyến bay
7. Peter (not study) _______________ very hard. He never gets high scores.

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8. I like oranges and she (like) _______________ apples.
- orange /ˈɔːr.ɪndʒ/ (n): quả cam
9. My mom and my sister (cook) _______________ lunch every day.
10. They (have) _______________ breakfast together every morning.
Bài tập 4: Viết lại những câu sau, dựa vào từ cho sẵn
1. My brothers (sleep) on the floor. (often)
=>____________________________________________________________________
2. He (stay) up late? (sometimes) stay up late: thức khuya
=> ____________________________________________________________________
3. I (do) the housework with my brother. (always) housework /ˈhaʊs.wɝːk/ (n): việc nhà
=>____________________________________________________________________
4. Peter and Mary (come) to class on time. (never) on time: đúng giờ
=> ____________________________________________________________________
5. Why Johnson (get) good marks? (always)
=> ____________________________________________________________________
6. You (go) shopping? (usually)
=>____________________________________________________________________
7. She (cry). (seldom) seldom /ˈsel.dəm/ (adv): hiếm khi
=>____________________________________________________________________
8. My father (have) popcorn. (never) popcorn /ˈpɑːp.kɔːrn/ (n): bỏng ngô
=> ____________________________________________________________________
9. She/ not/ sleep late on weekends
=>____________________________________________________________________
10. you/ understand the question? understand /ˌʌn.dɚˈstænd/ (v): hiểu
=>____________________________________________________________________
11. They/ not/ work late on Fridays
=>____________________________________________________________________
12. David/ want some coffee?
=>____________________________________________________________________
13. She/ have three daughters daughter /ˈdɑː.t̬ɚ/ (n): con gái
=>____________________________________________________________________

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14. When/ she/ go to her Chinese class?
=>____________________________________________________________________
15. Why/ I/ have to clean up? Have to + V: phải …
=>____________________________________________________________________
16. How often/ she/ go to the cinema?
=>____________________________________________________________________
17. She/ not/ usually/ go/ to the church church /tʃɝːtʃ/ (n): nhà thờ
=>____________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 5*: Hoàn thành những câu dưới đây với dạng đúng của động từ
cause /kɔːz/ gây ra live /lɪv/ sống
connect /kəˈnekt/ kết nối open /ˈəʊ.pən/ mở
drink /drɪŋk/ uống take place diễn ra
1. I don’t often ______________________________________ coffee.
2. The swimming pool _____________________ at 7.30 every morning
- swimming pool /ˈswɪm.ɪŋ ˌpuːl/ (n): bể bơi
- every /ˈev.ri/: mỗi, từng, hàng
3. Bad driving __________________________ many accidents.
- bad /bæd/ (a): xấu, tồi, tệ
- accident /ˈæk.sɪ.dənt/ (n): tai nạn
4. My parents ____________________________ in a very small flat.
- parents /ˈpeə.rəntz/ (n): bố mẹ
- flat /flæt/ (n): lều, nhà nhỏ
5. The Olympic Games ________________________________ every four years.
6. The Panama Canal ____________________________ the Atlantic and Pacific oceans
Bài tập 6: Chia động từ ở dạng đúng
1. He __________________________ (not/drink) tea very often.
2. What time __________________________________________ (the banks/close) here?
3. I’ve got a computer, but I _______________________________ (not/use) it much
- use /juːz/ (v): sử dụng
4. Where __________________________________ (Mary/come) from?

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5. What ___________________________________ (you/do)?
6. It __________ (take) me an hour to get to work. How long _________________ (it/take) you?
- take (+sb) + khoảng thời gian + to V: mất … để làm gì
- hour /aʊr/ (n): giờ, tiếng
- how long: mất bao lâu?
7. Look at this sentence. What ___________________________ (this word/mean)?
- sentence /ˈsen.təns/ (n): câu
- word /wɝːd/ (n): từ ngữ
- mean /miːn/ (v): ý nghĩa
8. David isn’t very fit. He _________________________ (not/do) any sport.
- fit /fɪt/ (a): khỏe mạnh; (v): vừa vặn
9. My father always _________________________ Sunday dinner. (make)
10. Ruth _____________________ eggs; they _____________________ her ill. (not eat; make)
- egg /eɡ/ (n): quả trứng - ill /ɪl/ (a): ốm yếu, bệnh
11. We _________________________ out once a week. (go)
12. _______________ Mark _________________________ to school every day? (go)
13. _____________ your parents _________________________ your girlfriend? (like)
14. How often ___________ you _________________________ swimming? (go)
15. Where _________ your sister _________________________? (work)
16. Ann ____________usually _________________________lunch. (not have)
17. Who _________________________ the ironing in your house? (do)
- ironing /ˈaɪr.nɪŋ/ (n): việc là ủi
18. He _________________________ (speak) French.
19. Most students live quite close to the college, so they _________________________ (walk)
there every day.
- quite /kwaɪt/ (adv): khá là
- close to (a): gần ~ near ~ next to
- college /ˈkɑː.lɪdʒ/ (n): trường đại học
- walk /wɑːk/ (v): đi bộ
20. How often _______________ you _________________________ (look) in a mirror?
- mirror /ˈmɪr.ɚ/ (n): cái gương

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21. I've got four cats and two dogs. I _________________________ (love) animals.
- animal /ˈæn.ɪ.məl/ (n): động vật
22. He _________________________ (not eat) breakfast.
23. What's the matter? You _________________________ (look) very happy.
- matter /ˈmæt̬.ɚ/ (n): vấn đề
24. It _________________________ (not work).
25. I just _________________________ (not like) talking to them.
Bài tập 7*: Chia dạng đúng của động từ, có thể ở dạng PHỦ ĐỊNH (not)
believe /bɪˈliːv/ tin tưởng make /meɪk/ tạo ra
eat /iːt/ ăn rise /raɪz/ mọc, tăng
flow /fləʊ/ chảy tell /tel/ nói
grow /ɡrəʊ/ mọc, phát triển translate /trænzˈleɪt/ dịch
1. Rice ________________________________________ in Britain.
- rice /raɪs/ (n): gạo
2. The sun __________________________________________ in the east.
- east /iːst/ (n): phía đông
3. Bees _________________________________ honey.
- bee /biː/ (n): ong
- honey /ˈhʌn.i/ (n): mật ong
4. Vegetarians _______________________________meat.
- vegetarian /ˌvedʒ.ɪˈteə.ri.ən/: người ăn chay
- meat /miːt/: thịt
5. An atheist ____________________________________ in God.
- atheist /ˈeɪ.θi.ɪst/: người vô thần
- God: chúa
6. An interpreter _______________________ from one language into another.
- interpreter /ɪnˈtɜː.prə.tər/: người phiên dịch
- language /ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪdʒ/ : ngôn ngữ
7. Liars are people who ____________________________ the truth.
- liar /ˈlaɪ.ər/: người nói dối
- truth /truːθ/: sự thật
8. The River Amazon _______________________ into the Atlantic Ocean.
- ocean /ˈoʊ.ʃən/: đại dương

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Unit 3: Present simple & Present Continuous
1. So sánh thì hiện tại đơn và hiện tại tiếp diễn
Thì hiện tại đơn Thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Chỉ hành động mang tính ổn định, lặp đi lặp lại.
➔ Water boils at 100 degrees Celsius.
(Nước sôi ở 100 độ)
➔ Excuse me, do you speak English?
(Xin lỗi, bạn có nói Tiếng Anh không?)
➔ It doesn’t rain very much in summer.
(Trời không mưa nhiều vào mùa hè)
- Chỉ hành động tại thời điểm nói hoặc xung
quanh thời điểm nói
➔ The water is boiling. Can you turn it off?
(Nước đang sôi kìa. Bạn có thể tắt nó không?)
➔ What language are they speaking?
(Họ đang nói tiếng gì vậy?)
➔ Let’s go out. It isn’t raining now.
(Hãy đi chơi nào. Trời giờ không mưa nữa)
- Chỉ những tình huống mang tính lâu dài.
➔ My parents live in London
➔ Jone isn’t lazy. He always works hard.
- Chỉ những tình huống mang tính tạm thời
➔ I’m living with my friends until I find a place
of my own.
➔ You’re working hard today.
** “always” trong thì hiện tại tiếp diễn
- Khi muốn nói một việc thường xảy ra, gây ra sự bực mình/khó chịu, ta dùng “always” và thì
hiện tại tiếp diễn.
➔ I’ve lost my pen again. I’m always losing things.
➔ You’re always watching television. You should do something more active.
➔ Tim is never satisfied. He’s always complaining.

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** Một số động từ thường không chia ở thì tiếp diễn, mà sẽ dùng thì đơn.
like (v): thích love (v): yêu hate (v): ghét
want (v): muốn need (v): cần prefer (v): thích hơn
know (v): biết understand (v): hiểu, biết believe (v): tin tưởng
remember (v): nhớ belong (v): thuộc về seem (v): dường như
look (v): trông có vẻ feel (v): cảm thấy see (v): nhìn thấy
hear (v): nghe smell (v): có mùi, bốc mùi taste (v): có vị
Bài tập 1: Chia động từ ở dạng đúng, hiện tại đơn hoặc hiện tại tiếp diễn
1. My parents normally __________ breakfast at 7:00 a.m. (eat)
- normally /ˈnɔːr.mə.li/ (adv): thường xuyên
2. This week Barbara is away on business so Tom __________ dinner for himself. (cook)
- be (away) on business /ˈbɪz.nɪs/: đi công tác
3. Barbara usually __________ dinner for her husband after work. (cook)
- husband /ˈhʌz.bənd/ (n): người chồng
4. John always __________ on time for meetings. (arrive)
- meeting /ˈmiː.t̬ɪŋ/ (n): cuộc họp
5. John __________ at this moment. (arrive)
6. We often _________ tests at our school. (do)
7. I ________ to my teacher now. (talk)
8. Look! Mandy and Susan _______a film on TV. (watch)
9. Listen! The band _______the new guitar. (test)
10. Quiet please! I ________ a test. (do)
11. At the moment, the two kids _________on the floor. (sit)
12. Jeff ________________ a book right now, he ____________ a story to Linda. (hold – read)
- hold /hoʊld/ (v): cầm, nắm, giữ
13. Linda ________ Jeff's stories. (love)
14. Hurry up! Everybody __________________________________ (wait) for you.

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15. “_________________________________ (you/ listen) to the radio?”
“No, you can turn it off”
16. “_________________________________ (you/ listen) to the radio every day?”
“No, just occasionally”
- occasionally /əˈkeɪʒ.nəl.i/ (adv): thi thoảng ~ sometimes
17. The River Nile __________________________ (flow) into the Mediterranean.
18. The river __________________________ (flow) very fast today – much faster than usual.
19. We usually __________________________ (grow) vegetables in our garden, but this year we
__________________________ (not/ grow) any.
- vegetable /ˈvedʒ.tə.bəl/ (n): rau củ
20. Rachel is in London at the moment. She ________________________ (stay) at the Park Hotel.
She always __________________________ (stay) there when she’s in London.
21. Can we stop walking soon? I __________________________ (start) to feel tired.
- tired /taɪrd/ (a): mệt mỏi
22. A: Can you drive?
B: I _______________________ (learn). My father _______________________ (teach) me.
23. Normally I __________________________ (finish) work at five, but this week I
__________________________ (work) until six to earn a little more money.
24. My parents __________________________ (live) in Manchester. They were born there and
have never lived anywhere else. Where __________________________ (your parents/live)?
25. Sonia __________________________ (look) for a place to live. She __________________
(stay) with her sister until she finds somewhere.
- until: cho tới khi
26. What __________________________ (your brother/ do)?
He’s an architect, but he __________________________ (not/work) at the moment.
- architect /ˈɑːr.kə.tekt/ (n): kiến trúc sư
Bài tập 2*: Hoàn thành câu với những từ sau
1. You / not / seem / very happy today.
_____________________________________________________________________
2. Who / this umbrella / belong to?
_____________________________________________________________________

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3. The dinner / smell / good.
_____________________________________________________________________
4. Excuse me / anybody / sit / there?
_____________________________________________________________________
5. These gloves / not / fit / me.
_____________________________________________________________________
- glove /ɡlʌv/ (n): gang tay

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Unit 4: Past simple / pæst ˈsɪm.pəl/ – Thì qúa khứ đơn
Trường hợp Động từ chính là “tobe”
(+) S + was/were + …
(-) S + was/were + not + …
(?) Wh_ + was/were + S + …?
I was was not = wasn’t
were not = werent’t
/wɝːnt/
He/She/It was
You/We/They were
Trường hợp là Động từ thường
(+) S + Ved or cột 2
(-) S + did + not + V
(?) Wh_ + did + S + V?
• Wh_ + Ved or cột 2?
- We invited them to our
party.
- I went to the cinema last
week.
did not = didn’t
- Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra và chấm
dứt hoàn toàn ở quá khứ
➔ Không còn liên quan tới hiện tại
- Chỉ thói quen trong quá khứ,
không còn ở hiện tại
➔ used to + Vo
- The police stopped me on
my way home last night
(Cảnh sát đã dừng xe tôi trên
đường trở về nhà tối qua)
- We saw him a few days ago
(Chúng tôi đã gặp anh ta vài
ngày trước)
- Morzart wrote more than
600 pieces of music.
(Morzart đã viết hơn 600 bản
nhạc)
- last (trước)
➔ last week: tuần trước
- … ago (… trước)
➔ 2 days ago: 2 ngày trước
- yesterday: ngày hôm
qua
- in + năm
➔ in 2000: vào năm 2000

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Bài tập 1: Chia động từ ở thì quá khứ đơn
1. Yesterday, I (go)______________ to the restaurant with a client.
- client /ˈklaɪ.ənt/ (n): khách hàng
- go -> went -> went: đi
2. We (drive) _______________ around the parking lot for 20 minutes to find a parking space.
- parking lot ~ parking space: khu đỗ xe ~ nơi đỗ xe
- drive -> drove /droʊv/ -> driven /ˈdrɪv.ən/: lái xe
3. When we (arrive) ____________ at the restaurant, the place (be) _______________ full.
4. The waitress (ask) ___________________ us if we _________________ (have) reservations.
- waitress /ˈweɪ.trəs/ (n): người bồi bàn nữ
- reservation /ˌrez.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ (n): sự đặt trước
5. I (say)________________, "No, my secretary forgets to make them."
- secretary /ˈsek.rə.ter.i/ (n): thư kí
- say -> said -> said: nói
6. The waitress (tell)_____________________ us to come back in two hours.
- tell -> told -> told: nói
7. My client and I slowly (walk) _________________________ back to the car.
8. Then we (see) _______________________ a small grocery store.
- see -> saw -> saw: nhìn, thấy
- grocery store (n): cửa hàng tạp hóa
9. We (stop)______________ in the grocery store and (buy) ____________ some sandwiches.
- buy -> bought /bɑːt/ -> bought: mua
10. That (be) ________________ better than waiting for two hours.
Bài tập 2: Chia thì quá khứ đơn và gạch chân dấu hiệu nếu có
1. I _____________________ at home all weekend. (stay)
2. Angela _____________________ to the cinema last night. (go)
3. My friends _____________________ a great time in Nha Trang last year. (have)
4. My vacation in Hue _____________________ wonderful. (be)
- vacation /veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/ (n): kì nghỉ
5. Last summer I _____________________ Ngoc Son Temple in Ha Noi. (visit)
6. My parents _____________________ very tired after the trip. (be)
- trip /trɪp/ (n): chuyến đi
7. I _____________________ a lot of gifts for my little sister. (buy)

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8. Lan and Mai _________________sharks, dolphins and turtles at Tri Nguyen aquarium. (see)
- turtle /ˈtɝː.t̬əl/ (n): con rùa
9. Trung _____________________ chicken and rice for dinner. (eat)
- eat -> ate -> eaten (v): ăn
10. They _____________________ about their holiday in Hoi An. (talk)
- holiday /ˈhɑː.lə.deɪ/ (n): kì nghỉ
11. Phuong _____________________ to Hanoi yesterday. (return)
- return /rɪˈtɝːn/ (v): quay trở lại
12. We _____________________ the food was delicious. (think)
- think -> thought -> thought (v): nghĩ
13. I (not go) _____________________ to school last Sunday.
14. She (get) _____________________ married last year?
15. What you (do) ______ last night? - I (do) ______ my homework.
Bài tập 3: Chia thì quá khứ đơn và gạch chân dấu hiệu nếu có
1. I (love) _____________________ him but no more.
2. Yesterday, I (get) _______________ up at 6 and (have) _______________ breakfast at 6. 30.
- get -> got -> gotten (v): nhận, đón, lấy -> get up (v): thức dậy
3. They (buy) _____________________ that house last year.
4. She (not go) _____________________ to school yesterday.
5. That boy (have) _____________________ some eggs last night.
6. She (spend) _____________________ all her money last week.
- spend -> spent -> spent (v): chi tiêu
7. Mum (not spend) _____________________ any money on herself.
8. I (lend) ________________ my penknife to someone, but I can't remember who it was now.
- lend -> lent -> lent (v): cho mượn
- penknife /ˈpen.naɪf/ (n): dao kẹp
9. John and his father (build) _____________________ the cabin themselves last year.
- build -> built -> built (v):
10. My parents (sell) _____________________ the stereo.
- sell (v) -> sold -> sold: bán
11. ___________You (tell) _____________________ anyone about this yesterday?

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12. He often (wear) _____________________ glasses for reading.
- wear -> wore -> worn (v): mặc, đeo, mang, đội
- glasses (n): kính
13. We both (sleep) _____________________ badly that night.
- sleep > slept -> slept: ngủ
14. Jane (keep) _____________________ the engine running.
- keep -> kept -> kept (v): giữ
- engine (n): động cơ
15. Mum (pay) _____________________ for my driving lessons.
- pay -> paid -> paid (v): trả tiền, thanh toán
16. He (lay) _____________________ his hand on my shoulder.
- lay -> laid -> laid (v): đặt, để
17. He (break) _____________________ the biscuit in half and handed one piece to me.
- break (v) -> broke -> broken (v): làm vỡ
18. He (choose) _____________________ his words carefully as he (speak) ___________.
- choose (v) -> chose -> chosen (v): lựa chọn
19. He _____________________ to the zoo last Sunday (go)
20. She (not/ watch) _____________________ TV last night
21. They (meet) _____________________ their friends at the movie theater last week
- meet -> met -> met: gặp
22. What______________you (do) _____________________ last night?
23. ________ they (buy) _____________________ a new car two days ago?
24. We _____________________ (have) a lot of homework yesterday.
25. Tuan (have) _____________________ a new bike yesterday.
Bài tập 4: Chia thì quá khứ đơn
1. She (not eat) _____________________ fish and crab yesterday.
2. Lan (not go) _____________________ Ho Chi Minh city two years ago.
3. My parents (not take) _____________________me to Vung Tau last week.
4. We (not have) _____________________ a lot of friends in Ha Noi.
5. Lan and Hoa (be) _____________________ in your school two years ago?
6. What they (play) _____________________ last week?

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7. What Hoa (try) _____________________ on yesterday?
8. Who (talk) _____________________ to about the film on TV last Monday?
9. Where they (stop) _____________________ on their way back last Sunday?
10. What the student (wear) _____________________ at school two years ago?
11. Where you (put) _____________________ the cake yesterday?
12. What time you (leave) _____________________ home for school yesterday?
13. What Ba (receive) _____________________ from Liz last week?
14. How long he (do) _____________________ this hat yesterday?
15. What time you (go) _____________________ to bed last night?
16. You (go) _____________________ to Dalat for last tet vacation?
17. He (have) _____________________ a lot of friends in Ho Chi Minh city 3 years ago?
18. His uncle (take) _____________________ him to see Tri Nguyen aquarium last week?
19. Liz (buy) _____________________ a lot of souvenirs yesterday?
20. They (put) _____________________ the fish in the big bag last Sunday?
21. They (eat) _____________________ meat in her meals in Vung Tau yesterday?
22. I (wear) _____________________ the cap with a dolphin on it yesterday.
23. Liz (teach) _____________________ Ba some English last week?
24. Bad and Tan (remember) _____________________ their trip to Nha Trang last month?
25. Nam (return) _____________________ to Ha Noi last week?
26. I (go) _____________________ to Ben Thanh market last Monday
27. He (get) _____________________ up at 7 o’clock yesterday.
28. What time you (go) _____________________ to bed last night?
29. She (not go) _____________________ to work last weekend.
30. Lan (meet) _____________________ her at the party 3 years ago.
31. Last summer vacation, Mom (not buy) _____________________ me a new buy?
32. When he (leave) _____________________ for work last week?
33. What you (do) _____________________ yesterday?
34. We (begin) _____________________ to learn English 3 years ago.
35. She (be) _____________________ an engineer last week.
36. Lan (be not) _____________________ at home yesterday.
37. He (wear) _____________________ the shirt last week.

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38. They (be) _____________________ here yesterday.
39. You (go) _____________________ to school yesterday?
40. Tam (be) _____________________ at home last night? – Yes, he (be)_______.
41. Where he (go) _____________________ yesterday?
42. I (be) _____________________ sick last night.
43. Why you (not come) _____________________ to class yesterday?
44. We (be) _____________________ in the library yesterday.
45. Hoa (buy) _____________________ a lot of things for her birthday party.

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Unit 5: Past continuous /ˌpæst kənˈtɪn.ju.əs/ – Thì qúa khứ tiếp diễn
(+) S + was/were + Ving
(-) S + was/were + not + Ving
(?) Wh_ + was/were + S + Ving?
• Wh_ + was/were + Ving?
- This time last year I was
living in Brazil.
- What were you doing at 10
o’clock last night?
- Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra tại
“thời điểm cụ thể trong quá
khứ”
➔ Giờ giấc
- Hai hành động xảy ra song
song trong quá khứ
➔ Cả hai mệnh đề chia QKTD
- Một hành động đang xảy ra thì
hành động khác xen vào
➔ Hành động đang xảy ra (thì
quá khứ tiếp diễn)
➔ Hành động xen vào (quá khứ
đơn)
- I was teaching at this time
yesterday
(Tôi đang dạy học vào giờ này
ngày hôm qua)
- We were watching TV
when she was reading a
book last night.
(Tối qua, chúng tôi xem ti vi khi
cô ấy đọc sách)
- Matt phoned while we
were having dinner.
(Matt đã gọi đến khi chúng tôi
đang ăn tối)
- at this time …. (vào
lúc này …)
➔ at this time
yesterday: giờ này
ngày hôm qua.
- while/when/as …
(khi mà/trong khi …)
- while/when …
(khi mà/trong khi …)
** Khi câu có “when/while/as …”, chúng ta cần dịch nghĩa để xác định trường hợp “song
song” hay “xen vào”

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Bài tập 1: Chia quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn
1. I_______ (be) hungry. hungry /ˈhʌŋ.ɡri/ (a): đói bụng
2. You_______ (be) in Australia last year.
3. She ________ (be) in London last week.
4. The cat ______ (be) on the roof. roof /ruːf/ (n): mái nhà
5. We ________ (study) a very hard lesson the day before yesterday.
6. When I _______ (arrive) at his house, he still ________ (sleep). still /stɪl/ (adv): vẫn
7. She ______ (water) the flowers in her garden while her next door neighbor _______ (chat)
with her over the fence. fence /fens/ (n): hàng rào
8. As we _______ (cross) the street, we _______ (see) an accident.
- cross /krɑːs/ (v): băng qua
- accident /ˈæk.sə.dənt/ (n): tai nạn
9. The bell ________ (ring) while Tom _________ (take) a bath.
- ring > rang -> rung (v): rung, reo, đổ chuông
- take a bath (v): tắm
10. We _________ TV when it started to rain (watch)
11. I _____________ to visit you yesterday, but you _______ not at home (want/be)
12. While the doctor _______________ Mr. Johnson, his son ________________ outside this
morning (examine/ wait)
- examine /ɪɡˈzæm.ɪn/ (v): kiểm tra, xem xét
Bài tập 2: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Alice saw/ was seeing the accident when she was catching the bus.
2. What were you doing/ did you do when I called?
3. I didn’t visit/ weren’t visiting my friends last summer holiday.
4. It rained/ was raining heavily last July.
5. While people were talking to each other, he read/ was reading his book.
6. My sister was eating/ ate hamburgers every weekend last month.
7. While we were running/ ran in the park, Mary fell over.
o fall -> fell -> fallen (v): ngã
8. Did you find/ Were you finding your keys yesterday?
9. Who was she dancing/ did she dance with at the party last night?

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10. They were watching/ watched football on TV at 7 p.m. yesterday.
Bài tập 3*: Sửa lỗi sai
1. I was play football when she called me.
2. Was you study Math at 5 p.m. yesterday?
3. What was she do while her mother was making lunch?
4. Where did you went last Sunday?
5. They weren’t sleep during the meeting last Monday. during /ˈdʊr.ɪŋ/ (prep): trong suốt
6. He got up early and have breakfast with his family yesterday morning.
7. She didn’t broke the flower vase. Tom did. vase /veɪs/ (n): lọ hoa
8. Last week my friend and I go to the beach on the bus.
9. While I am listening to music, I heard the doorbell.
10. Peter turn on the TV, but there was nothing interesting. interesting /ˈɪn.trɪ.stɪŋ/ (a):hấp dẫn
o there + tobe + S: có ...
Bài tập 4: Chia quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ tiếp diễn
1. She (sleep) _______ in her room when her friend (come) _______.
2. While I (do) _______ my homework, my brother (play) _______ video games.
3. What (be) _______ you (do) _______ at 9 p.m. yesterday?
4. Larry (not invite) _______ Chris to his last birthday.
5. Jon and his girlfriend (fly) _______ to Bali for their honeymoon.
6. When the teacher (speak) _______, a phone (ring) _______.
7. I (want) _______ to be a teacher when I (be) _______ a kid.
8. They (stop) _______ by the petrol station when they (ride) _______ to work.
petrol station /ˈpet.rəl ˌsteɪ.ʃən/ (n): trạm xăng
9. Jenny ____________________ (wait) for me when I ___________________ (arrive).
10. “What ____________________________ (you/do) at this time yesterday?”
“I was asleep” asleep /əˈsliːp/ (a): buồn ngủ
11. “____________________________________(you/go) out last night?
“No, I was too tired”
12. How fast ____________________ (you/drive) when the accident _____________ (happen)?
13. When I was young, I ________________ (want) to be a pilot. pilot /ˈpaɪ.lət/ (n): phi công

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Unit 6: Present Perfect /ˌprez.ənt ˈpɝː.fekt/ – Thì hiện tại hoàn thành
(+) S + have/has + Vpp
(-) S + have/has + not + Vpp
(?) Wh_ + have/has + S + Vpp?
• Wh_ + have/has + Vpp?
- He has lost his key
- Oh, I’ve cut my finger
- There has been an accident
- lose -> lost -> lost
- cut -> cut -> cut
- am/is/are
-> was/were
-> been
- Chỉ hành động đã xảy ở quá
khứ và kéo dài/có liên quan
tới hiện tại.
➔ Vd: Thông tin mới xảy ra …
- Chỉ trải nghiệm
➔ Vd: số lần: lần đầu tiên, lần thứ
hai …
- Have you just arrived?
(Bạn vừa mới tới à?)
- Don’t forget to sent the
letter.
-> I’ve already sent it.
(Đừng quên gửi lá thư nhé.
-> Tôi đã gửi nó đi rồi)
- Has it stopped rainning
yet?
(Trời đã tạnh mưa chưa?)
- Have you ever eaten
salmon?
- I have never had a car.
- This is the second time this
has happened.
- for + khoảng thời gian
…. (được …)
➔ for 2 years: được 2 năm
rồi
- since + mốc thời gian
(kể từ …)
➔ since yesterday: kể từ
ngày hôm qua
- just (adv): vừa mới
- already (adv): đã xong
- yet (adv): chưa
- ever: từng
- never: chưa từng
- first/second time …
- recently / so far / until
now / in the last few
days …

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1. For + khoảng thời gian; since + mốc thời gian
For Since
- for two hours
- for a long time
- for a week
- for 20 minutes
- for five days
- for 50 years
- for years
- for ages
- for 6 months
- since 8 o’clock
- since Monday
- since 12 May
- since April
- since 1985
- since Christmas
- since lunchtime
- since we arrived
- since we got up
**When …? (+ quá khứ đơn); how long …? (+ hiện tại hoàn thành)
A: When did it start raining? (trời bắt đầu mưa từ khi nào?)
B: It started raining an hour ago/ at 1 o’clock
A: How long has it been raining? (trời mưa được bao lâu rồi?)
B: It’s been raining for an hour/ since 1 o’clock
A: When did Joe and Carol first met?
B: They first met a long time ago/ They first met when they were at school.
A: How long have they known each other?
B: They’ve known each other for a long time/since they were at school.
** Đã + khoảng thời gian + rồi + kể từ khi + cái gì đó xảy ra
➔ It’s + khoảng thời gian + since + quá khứ đơn
- It’s two years since I last saw him = I haven’t seen him for two years
- It’s ages since we went to the cinema = We haven’t gone to the cinema for ages
Đã bao lâu rồi kể từ khi …? -> How long is it since + quá khứ đơn?
- How long is it since you last saw him? (=When did you last see him?)
- How long is it since you graduated? (=When did you graduate?)

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Bài tập 1: Chia thì hiện tại hoàn thành, gạch chân dấu hiệu nếu có
1. We (not / work) ________________ today.
2. I (buy) ________________ a new car.
3. I (not / plan) ________________ my holiday yet.
4. Which country (be / you) ________________? country /ˈkʌn.tri/ (n): đất nước
5. She (write) ________________ four letters. -> write -> wrote -> written
6. He (not / see) ________________ her for a long time. -> see -> saw -> seen
7. (be / you) ________________ at company?
8. The film (not / start) ________________
9. (speak / she) ________________ to her boss?
10. No, she (have / not) ________________ the time yet.
11. Loan ________________me an e-mail. (send)
12. Linh and Ngoc ______________the museum. (visit) museum /mjuːˈziː.əm/ (n): bảo tàng
13. We ________________at the pet shop. (be)
14. He __________already ________________his suitcase. (pack) pack /pæk/ (v): đóng gói
15. Tuan ________________an accident. (have)
16. I ________________the shopping for my mother. (do)
17. I ________________just ________________my room. (clean)
18. Long ________________his room. (paint)
19. Thu and Tu ______________to a concert. (go) concert /ˈkɑːn.sɚt/ (n): buổi hòa nhạc
20. My boyfriend ________________smoking. (give up) give up (v): từ bỏ
21. He (be) ______________________ at his computer for seven hours.
22. She (not/have) ______________________ any fun for a long time.
23. My father (not/ play) ______________________ any sport since last year.
24. I’d better have a shower. I (not/have) ______________________ one since Thursday.
- d’better + Vo: tốt hơn hết là …
- have a shower: tắm (vòi hoa sen)
25. I don’t live with my family now and we (not/see) ______________________ each other for
five years.
26. I______ just (realize) __________ that there are only four weeks to the end of term.
- relize /ˈriː.ə.laɪz/ (v): nhận ra
- term /tɝːm/ (n): điều khoản
27. She (finish) ______________________ reading two books this week.
28. How long__________________________ (you/know) each other?
29. _______________________________ (you/ take) many photographs?
30. He (eat) ______________________ at the King Power Hotel yet?
31. They (live) ______________________ here all their life.
32. How many bottles__________________ (the milkman/leave)?
- bottle /ˈbɑː.t̬əl/ (n): chai, lọ

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- milkman /ˈmɪlk.mən/ (n): người đưa sữa
- leave -> left -> left: đặt lại, để lại
33. I (buy) ______________________ a new carpet. Come and look at it.
- carpet /ˈkɑːr.pət/ (n): thảm
34. She (write) ______________________ three books about her wild life.
35. We (finish) ______________________ one English course.
- course /kɔːrs/ (n): khóa học
Bài tập 2*: Viết lại câu sau
1. We/ not eat/ out/ since/ mom’s birthday.
__________________________________________________
2. How/ long/ you/ live/ here?
__________________________________________________
3. You/ ever/ been/ Russia?
__________________________________________________
4. She/ not/ meet/ kids/ since Christmas.
__________________________________________________
5. They/ repair/ lamps/ yet? lamp /læmp/ (n): cái đèn
__________________________________________________
6. I/ just/ have/ lunch
__________________________________________________
7. I/ just/ see/ her
__________________________________________________
8. He/ already/ leave
__________________________________________________
9. I/ not/ read/ it/ yet
__________________________________________________
10. She/ already/ see/ the film
__________________________________________________
11. They/ just/ arrive
__________________________________________________
12. We/ not/ tell/ him yet
__________________________________________________
Bài tập 3: Điền “since” hoặc “for”
1. It’s been raining ____________ lunchtime
2. Sarah has live in Paris ____________ 1995
3. Paul has live in London ____________ ten years
4. I’m tired of waiting. We’ve been sitting here ____________ an hour.
5. Kevin has been looking for a job ____________ he left school
6. I haven’t been to a party ____________ ages
7. I wonder where Joe is. I haven’t seen him _______ last week. wonder /ˈwʌn.dɚ/ (v): thắc mắc
8. Jane is away. She’s been away ____________ Friday be away: đi vắng
9. The weather is dry. It hasn’t rained ____________ a few weeks dry /draɪ/ (a): khô

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Bài tập 4*: Đặt câu hỏi với “How long”
1. How long/ be/ in hospital?
__________________________________________________________________
2. How long/ teach/ English?
__________________________________________________________________
3. How long/ know/ him?
__________________________________________________________________
4. How long/ be/ in Australia?
__________________________________________________________________
5. How long/ have/ that jacket? jacket (n): áo khoác
__________________________________________________________________
6. How long/ work/ at the airport?
__________________________________________________________________
7. How long/ learn/ to drive?
__________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 5*: Đặt câu hỏi với “How long” và “When”
1. It’s raining.
How long ___________________________________________________? (rain)
When ___________________________________________________? (start)
2. Kate is learning Japanese.
How long ___________________________________________________? (learn)
When ___________________________________________________? (start)
3. I know Simon.
How long ___________________________________________________? (know)
When ___________________________________________________? (first/meet)
4. Rebecca and David are married
How long ___________________________________________________?
When ___________________________________________________?
Bài tập 6: Dùng hiện tại hoàn thành hoặc quá khứ đơn
1. I don’t know where Lisa is. _______________________ (you/see) her?
2. When I _______________________ (get) home last night, I _______________________
(be) very tired and I _______________________ (go) straight to bed.
3. _________________________________ (you/ finish) painting the bedroom?
Not yet. I’ll finish it.

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4. George _______________________ (not/ be) very well last week.
5. Mr. Clark _______________________ (work) in a bank for 15 years. Then he gave it up.
6. Molly lives in Dublin. She _______________________ (live) there all her life
7. _______________________ (you/go) to the cinema last night?
Yes, but it ______________________ (be) a mistake. The film _____________ (be) awful.
8. My grandfather ______________________________ (die) before I was born.
Bài tập 7*: Viết câu trả lời dựa vào các từ trong ngoặc
1. Do you often go on holiday? go on holiday: đi nghỉ mát
➔ (no/five years) _______________________________________________________
2. Do you often see Sarah?
➔ (no/ about a month) ___________________________________________________
3. Do you often go to the cinema?
➔ (no/ a long time) _____________________________________________________
4. Do you often eat in restaurant?
➔ (no/ ages) __________________________________________________________
Bây giờ, dùng những câu trả lời trên để viết lại với cấu trúc: It’s _____ since ______
1. _______________________________________________________________
2. _______________________________________________________________
3. _______________________________________________________________
4. _______________________________________________________________
Bài tập 8*: Viết lại câu sau, nghĩa không đổi
1. She started to live in Hanoi 2 years ago. (for)
-> ______________________________________________________________
2. He began to study English when he was young. (since)
-> ______________________________________________________________
3. I have never eaten this kind of food before. (This is)
-> ______________________________________________________________
4. I have never seen such a beautiful girl before. (She is)
-> ______________________________________________________________
5. This is the best novel I have ever read. (before)
-> ______________________________________________________________

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Unit 7: Present perfect continuous. – Thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
(+) S + have/has + been + Ving
(-) S + have/has + not + been Ving
(?) Wh_ + have/has + S + been Ving?
- He’s been working hard today.
- Have you been running?
- What have you been doing?
***Sự khác nhau giữa hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn và hiện tại hoàn thành
HTHT tiếp diễn thường nhấn mạnh hành động (không cần biết đã kết thúc hay chưa) trong khi
HTHT nhấn mạnh kết quả của hành động (đã xong rồi hoặc đã kết thúc).
- My hands are dirty. I’ve been repairing
the car.
- Joe has been eating too much recently.
He should eat less.
- It’s nice to see you again. What have
you been doing since we last met?
- Where have you been? Have you been
playing tennis?
- The car is OK again now. I’ve repaired it.
- Somebody has eaten all my chocolates. The
box is empty.
- Where’s the book I gave you? What have you
done with it?
- Have you ever played tennis?
Ta thường dùng “how long” với thì HTHT tiếp diễn khi hành động vẫn đang xảy ra. Ta dùng
“how much, how many, how many times” với thì HTHT cho những hành động đã kết thúc.
- How long have you been reading that
book?
- Lisa is still writing letters. She’s been
writing lettes all day.
- They’ve been playing tennis since 2
o’clock.
- I’m learning Spanish, but I haven’t
been learning it very long.
- How much of that book have you read?
- Lisa has written ten letters today.
- They’ve played tennis three times this week.
- I’m learning Spanish, but I haven’t learnt
very much yet.

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Viết lại câu sau bằng thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn
1. you/ swim? _________________________________________________________________
2. you/ wait/ long? _____________________________________________________________
3. what/ you/ do? ______________________________________________________________
4. how long/ you/ work/ there? ___________________________________________________
5. how long/ you/ sell/ computers? ________________________________________________
6. we/ wait/ for 20 minutes. ______________________________________________________
7. I/ learn Spanish/ since December. _______________________________________________
8. Mary/ work/ in London/ since 19 January. _________________________________________
9. They/ spend/ holidays/ in Italy/ for years.__________________________________________
10. I/ look for/ you. ______________________________________________________________
11. Why/ look at/ me/ like that? ____________________________________________________
12. She/ teach/ for 10 years. _______________________________________________________
13. I/ think/ what you said. ________________________________________________________
14. She/ work/ very hard/ recently. __________________________________________________
15. He/ read/ for two hours. _______________________________________________________
16. She/ travel/ for three months. ___________________________________________________
17. He/ play tennis/ since he was ten. ________________________________________________
18. They/ make/ films/ since they left college. _________________________________________
19. How long/ she/ teach? _________________________________________________________
20. How long/ you/ write/ books? ___________________________________________________
21. How long/ they/ save/ money? __________________________________________________
22. How long/ you/ learn/ English? __________________________________________________

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Unit 8: Past perfect /ˌpæst ˈpɝː.fekt/ - Thì quá khứ hoàn thành
(+) S + had + Vpp
(-) S + had + not + Vpp
(?) Wh_ + had + S + Vpp?
• Wh_ + had + Vpp?
- When I arrived, he had gone.
- When I got home last night, my parents had slept.
- I didn’t go to the cinema because I had seen it before.
- I didn’t know who she is. I’d never seen her before.
- Chỉ hành động đã xảy ra và
kết thúc trước một hành
động khác ở quá khứ.
➔ Hành động xảy ra trước: quá
khứ hoàn thành
➔ Hành động xảy ra sau: quá khứ
đơn
- After I had done all my
homework, I went to bed.
- Before I went to bed, I had
done all my homework.
- By the time I got home, my
family had slept.
- After + QKHT,
QKĐ
- Before + QKĐ,
QKHT.
- By the time + QKĐ,
QKHT
Bài tập 1: Chia thì quá khứ hoàn thành và giải thích tại sao dùng QKHT
1. When Hoa arrived at the theater, the film _______________________(start).
- theater /ˈθiː.ə.t̬ɚ/ (n): rạp chiếu phim
2. He _______________________ (live) in Laos before He went to Vietnam.
3. After Lan _______________________ (eat) the cake, Lan began to feel sick.
4. Linh didn’t arrive until I _______________________ (leave).
5. After they _______________________ (finish) lunch, they went out.
6. They were late for the flight because they ______________________(forget) their passports.
7. Linh told me she _______________________(study) a lot before the exam.
8. The lamp went off because I _______________________ (not/pay) the electricity bill.
- electricity bill /iˌlekˈtrɪs.ə.t̬i/ (n): hóa đơn tiền điện
9. Hoa_______________________ (not/do) her homework, so she was in trouble.
- trouble /ˈtrʌb.əl/ (n): rắc rối -> be in trouble:gặp rắc rối

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10. She _______________________ (not/eat) so we went to a restaurant.
11. He said that He _______________________ (not/visit) the US before.
12. I _______________________ (not/have) lunch when she arrived.
13. She _______________________ (not/use) smartphone before, so I showed her how to use it.
14. Linh _______________________ (not/study) for the exam, so she was very anxious.
- anxious /ˈæŋk.ʃəs/ (a): lo lắng
15. When he went out to play, he (do / already) _______________________ his homework.
16. (she / phone) _______________________ Nam before she went to see him in Laos?
17. He (not / ride) _______________________ a elephant before that day.
- elephant /ˈel.ə.fənt/ (n): con voi
Bài tập 2*: Tìm và sửa lỗi sai
1. I had finished lunch before my parents come.
2. By the time I had found the key, I hadn’t got into the house.
3. Up until that moment, my younger sister never believed in love.
4. Sunny ate dinner so she wasn’t hungry.
5. When Bob graduated in university, he was in New York for 5 years.
6. She wishes her friends didn’t go to bed so early.
7. My boyfriend didn’t meet me when I arrived.
Bài tập 3: Chia động từ
1. They (come) ______________ back home after they (finish) _________________ their work.
2. She said that she (meet) __________________ Mr. Bean before.
3. Before he (go) __________________ to bed, he (read) __________________ a novel.
4. He told me he (not/wear) __________________ such kind of clothes before.
5. When I came to the stadium, the match (start) __________________
stadium /ˈsteɪ.di.əm/ (n): sân vận động match /mætʃ/ (n): trận đấu
6. Before she (listen) _______________ to music, she (do)__________________ her homework.
7. Last night, Peter (go) _____________ to the supermarket before he (go) ____________ home.
Bài tập 4*: Hoàn thành các câu sau sử dụng từ cho trước
1. You went to Suc's house, but she wasn't there. (she/ go/ out)
____________________________________________________________________________

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2. I invited Rachel to the party, but she couldn't come. (she/ arrange/ to do something else)
_____________________________________________________________________________
- arrange /əˈreɪndʒ/ (v): sắp xếp
3. You went to the cinema last night. You got to the cinema late. (the film/ already/ begin)
_____________________________________________________________________________
4. It was nice to see Dan again after such a long time. (I/ not/ see/ him for five years)
_____________________________________________________________________________
5. I offered Sue something to eat, but she wasn't hungry. (she/ just/ have breakfast)
_____________________________________________________________________________
- offer /ˈɑː.fɚ/ (v): cung cấp, đề nghị (đưa ra cái gì đó)
6. David had gone home before we arrived.
➔ After ______________________________________________________________________
7. We had lunch then we took a look around the shops. take a look (v): nhìn
➔ Before __________________________________________________________________
8. The light had gone out before we got out of the office.
➔ When___________________________________________________________________
9. After she had explained everything clearly, we started our work. explain /ɪkˈspleɪn/ (v): giải thích
➔ By the time ______________________________________________________________
10. My father had watered all the plants in the garden by the time my mother came home.
➔ Before __________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 5*: Viết lại các câu sau, sử dụng “never … before”
1. The man sitting next to you on the plane was never nervous. It was his first flight.
(fly) _______________________________________________________________________
nervous /ˈnɝː.vəs/ (a): lo lắng
2. A woman walked into the room. She was a complete stranger to me.
(see) ______________________________________________________________________
- stranger /ˈstreɪn.dʒɚ/ (n): người lạ complete /kəmˈpliːt/ (a): hoàn toàn
3. Sam played tennis yesterday. He wasn’t very good at it because it was his first game.
(play) _____________________________________________________________________
4. Last year we went to Denmark. It was out first time there.
(be there) ___________________________________________________________________

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Bài tập 6: Chia thì quá khứ đơn hoặc quá khứ hoàn thành.
1. We arrived at work in the morning and found that somebody ___________________ (break)
into the office during the night. So we _____________________ (call) the police.
find -> found -> found (v): tìm thấy, nhận thấy
2. I tried to phone Laura this morning, but there _____________________ (be) no answer.
She_____________________ (go) out.
There + tobe …: Có …
3. I met Jim a few days ago. He ________ just ___________ (come) back from holiday. He
_____________________ (look) very well.
4. “Was Paul at the party when you arrived?” “No, he _____________________ (go) home.
5. I felt very tired when I got home, so I _____________________ (go) straight to bed.
feel -> felt -> felt (v): cảm thấy
straight /streɪt/ (a) (adv): thẳng
6. The house was very quiet when I got home. Everybody ____________________ (go) to bed.
quiet /ˈkwaɪ.ət/ (a): yên lặng
7. Sorry, I am late. The car _____________________ (break) down on my way here.
8. We were driving along the road when we _____________________ (see) a car which
_____________________ (break) down, so we _____________________ (stop) to help.

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Unit 9: Be going to (do) – tương lai gần
(+) S + am/is/are + going to + V.
(-) S + am/is/are + not + going to + V
(?) Wh_ + am/is/are + S + going to + V?
** Ta dùng khi nói về một hành động “đã được quyết định”, ta dự định sẽ làm việc đó.
➔ Are you going to watch the late film on TV tonight? (Bạn có dự định xem phim muộn tối nay không?)
➔ No, I’m going to have an early night. (Không, tôi dự sẽ ngủ sớm)
➔ I hear Sarah has won some money. What is she going to do with it? (Tôi nghe Sarah đã giành được
một ít tiền. Cô ấy dự định làm gì với số tiền đó?)
**Phân biệt hiện tại tiếp diễn (dùng chỉ tương lai) và tương lai gần.
am/is/are + Ving am/is/are + going to + V
Ta dùng hiện tại tiếp diễn khi nói về việc ta đã
“sắp xếp rồi”, ví dụ như gặp ai hay đi đâu.
- What time are you meeting Ann this
evening? (Mấy giờ bạn gặp Ann chiều nay?)
- I’m leaving tomorrow. I’ve got my plane
ticket. (Mai tôi sẽ rời khỏi đây. Tôi đã mua vé máy
bay rồi)
Ta dùng tương lai gần khi nói về việc đã
“quyết định rồi” (nhưng có thể vẫn chưa sắp
xếp cho nó)
- I’ve decided not to stay here any longer.
Tomorrow I’m going to look for
somewhere else to stay (Tôi đã quyết định
không ở đây nữa. Sáng mai tôi sẽ tìm nơi khác để ở.
** Sự khác biệt là rất nhỏ và đôi khi ta dùng dạng nào cũng được.
Ta dùng tương lai gần cho việc ta “dự đoán” khi “có căn cứ”
➔ Look at those black clouds! It’s going to rain.
➔ I feel terrible. I think I’m going to be sick.
➔ The economic situation is bad now and things are going to get worse.
** Ta dùng “was/were + going to + V” khi ta đã quyết định làm gì nhưng đã không làm.
➔ Peter was going to do the exam, but he changed his mind.

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Bài tập 1: Viết câu hỏi với “going to” cho mỗi trường hợp sau.
1. Your friend has won some money. You ask:
(what/ do with it?) ________________________________________________________
2. Your friend is going to a party tonight. You ask:
(what/ wear?) _____________________________________________________________
3. Your friend has just bought a new table. You ask:
(where/ put it?) ___________________________________________________________
4. Your friend has decided to have a party. You ask:
(who/ invite?) ____________________________________________________________
Bài tập 2*: Viết câu với “going to” để nói về một “dự đoán” khi “có căn cứ”.
1. There are a lot of black clouds in the sky. cloud /klaʊd/ (n): mây
(rain) ____________________________________________________________________
2. It is 8:30. Tom is leaving his house. He has to be at work at 8:45, but the journey takes 30
minutes. journey /ˈdʒɝː.ni/ (n): chuyến đi
(late) He __________________________________________________________________
3. There is a hole in the bottom of the boat. A lot of water is coming in through the hole.
(sink) The boat _____________________________________________________________
hole (n): cái hố; cái lỗ sink /sɪŋk/ (v): chìm, đắm
4. Lucy and Chris are driving. There is very little petrol left in the tank. The nearest petrol station
is a long way away. tank /tæŋk/ (n): thùng chứa
(run out) They ______________________________________________________________
run out of …: hết …
Bài tập 3: Viết câu với “going to”, sử dụng những từ cho sẵn sau
1. I/ tidy/ my room/ this morning tidy /ˈtaɪ.di/ (v): dọn dẹp, làm gọn gàng
__________________________________________________________________________
2. I/ take/ the sweater/ back to the shop sweater /ˈswet̬.ɚ/ (n): áo nỉ, áo len
__________________________________________________________________________
3. I/ accept/ the job offer accept /əkˈsept/ (v): chấp nhận
__________________________________________________________________________
4. I/ phone/ Sarah/ tonight
__________________________________________________________________________
5. I/ complain/ food/ in the restaurant complain /kəmˈpleɪn/ (v): phàn nàn
________________________________________________________________________

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Bài tập 4*: Viết câu với “was/were going to” với những động từ sau:
buy give up have
play travel phone
1. We __________________________ by train, but then we decided to go by car instead.
decide to V: quyết định làm gì instead /ɪnˈsted/ (adv): thay vì vậy
2. I __________________________ some new clothes yesterday, but I was very busy and didn’t
have time to go the shops. clothes /kloʊðz/ (n): quần áo
3. Martin and I __________________________ tennis last week, but he was injured.
injure /ˈɪn.dʒɚ/ (v): làm tổn thương
4. I __________________________ Jane, but I decided to email her instead.
5. A: When I last saw Tim, he __________________________ his job.
B: That’s right, but in the end he decided to stay where he was.
6. We __________________________ a party last week, but some of our friends couldn’t come,
so we canceled it. cancel /ˈkæn.səl/ (v): hủy bỏ

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Unit 10: Simple Future – tương lai đơn
(+) S + will/shall + V.
(-) S + will/shall + not + V (will not = won’t; shall not = shan’t)
(?) Wh_ + will/shall + S + V?
** Ta dùng tương lai đơn khi nói về một hành động được “quyết định tại thời điểm nói”. “shall”
chỉ đi với ngôi “I/We”
➔ Oh, I’ve left the door open. I’ll go and shut it? (Ôi, tôi đã để cửa mở rồi. Tôi sẽ đi đóng nó)
➔ “What would you like to drink?” “I’ll have orange juice, please” (Bạn muốn uống gì? Tôi sẽ dùng
nước cam)
➔ “Did you phone Lucy?” “Oh no, I forgot. I’ll phone her now” (Bạn đã gọi Lucy chưa? Ôi không, tôi
quên mất. Tôi sẽ gọi cô ấy bây giờ đây.)
1. Ta dùng tương lai đơn trong những tình huống sau:
Đưa ra lời đề nghị
làm gì đó
- That bag looks heavy. I’ll help you with it
(cái túi đó trông có vẻ nặng. Tôi sẽ giúp bạn mang nó)
Đồng ý làm điều gì
đó
- Can you give Time this book?
- Sure, I’ll give it to him when I see him this afternoon
Hứa làm điều gì đó - I won’t tell anyone what happened. I promise
Bảo ai làm gì - Will you please turn the sterio down? I’m trying to concentrate
2. **Ta thường dùng “shall I …”, “shall we…” để hỏi về quan điểm của ai đó
- Shall I open the window?
- I’ve got no money. What shall I do?
- Shall we go?
- Where shall we go this evening?
3. Ta thường dùng will (‘ll) với những từ như:
probably /ˈprɒbəbli/
(adv): có khả năng
I’ll probably be home late tonight
I expect: /ɪkˈspekt/
Tôi dự đoán
I haven’t seen Carol today. I expect she’ll phone this evening
(I’m) sure
(tôi) đảm bảo
Don’t worry about the exam. I’m sure you’ll pass
(I) think/don’t think I don’t think the exam will be very difficult
I wonder /ˈwʌn.dɚ/
Tôi thắc mắc
I wonder what will happen

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Bài tập 1: Viết câu với “will” và những động từ sau:
be come get like
live look meet pass
1. Don’t worry about the exam. I’m sure you _____________________________
2. Why don’t you try on this jacket? It _____________________________ nice on you.
3. You must meet George sometime. I think you _____________________________him.
4. It’s raining. Don’t go out. You _____________________________ wet.
5. Do you think people _____________________________ longer in the future?
6. Goodbye. I expect we _____________________________ again before long.
7. I’ve invited Sue to the party, but I don’t think she _____________________________.
8. When the new road is finished, my journey to work _______________________ much shorter.
Bài tập 2: Điền “will” hoặc “will not”
1. Can you wait for me? I ________________ be very long.
2. There’s no need to take an umbrella with you. It ________________ rain.
3. If you don’t eat anything now, you ________________ be hungry later.
4. I’m sorry about what happened yesterday. It ________________ happen again.
5. I’ve got some increadible news! You ________________ never believe what happened.
6. Don’t ask Amanda for advice. She ________________ know what to do.
Bài tập 3: Viết lại câu với cấu trúc: I think I’ll … hoặc I don’t think I’ll …
1. It’s a bit cold. The window is open and you decide to close it. You say:
_______________________________________________________________________
2. You are feeling tired and it’s getting late. You decide to go to bed. You say:
_______________________________________________________________________
3. A friend of yours offers you lift in his car, but you decide to walk. You say:
_______________________________________________________________________
4. You arranged to play tennis today. Now you decide that you don’t want to play. You say:
_______________________________________________________________________
5. You were going to go swimming. Now you decide that you don’t want to go. You say:
_______________________________________________________________________

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Bài tập 4*: Viết lại câu với cấu trúc: Shall I …? hoặc Shall we …?
1. You and a friend want to do something this evening, but you don’t know what.
You ask: ____________________________________________________________
2. You try on a jacket in a shop. You are not sure whether to buy it or not. You ask a friend for
advice: _____________________________________________________________
3. It’s Helen’s birthday next week. You want to give her a present, but you don’t know what.
You ask: What ____________________________________________________________
4. You and a friend are going on holiday together, but you haven’t decided where. You ask:
_________________________________________________________________________
5. You and a friend are going out. You haven’t decided whether to go by car or to walk. You ask:
_________________________________________________________________________
6. Your friend wants you to phone later. You don’t know what time to phone. You ask:
_________________________________________________________________________
Bài tập 5: Chọn đáp án đúng
1. Did you phone Lucy? “oh no, I forgot. I phone/ I will phone her now.
2. I can’t meet you tomorrow. I’m playing/ I’ll play tennis.
3. I meet/ I’ll meet you outside the hotel in half an hour, OK?
4. I need some money. “OK, I’m lending/ I’ll lend you some”
5. I’m having/ I’ll have a party next Sunday. I hope you can come.
6. Remember to get a newspaper when you go out. “OK. I don’t forget/ I won’t forget”
7. What time does your train leave/ will your train leave tomorrow?
8. I asked Sue what happened, but she doesn’t tell/ won’t tell me.
9. Are you doing/ Will you do anything tomorrow evening? “No, I’m free. Why?”
10. I don’t want to go out alone. Do you come/ Will you come with me?
11. Dane isn’t free on Saturday. She’ll work/ She’ working.
12. I’ll go/ I’m going to a party tomorrow night. Would you like to come too?
13. I think Jenny will get/ is getting the job. She has a lot of experience.
14. Have you decided where to go for your holidays? -> Yes, we’ll go/ we’re going to Italy
15. There’s no need to be afraid of the dog. It won’t hurt/ It isn’t hurting you.

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Bài tập 6*: Viết câu với “do you think … will …” và những động từ sau:
be back cost end get married
happen like rain
1. I’ve bought Rosa this picture. _______________________________________________
2. The weather doesn’t look very good. _________________________________________
3. The meeting is still going on. When______________________________________________
4. My car needs to be repaired. How much __________________________________________
5. Sally and David are in love. _________________________________________________
6. “I’m going out now”. “OK. What time ________________________________________”
7. The future situation is uncertain. What ________________________________________
Bài tập 7*: Viết câu với: I’ll + động từ phù hợp
1. I’m too tired to walk home. I think _______________________________ a taxi.
2. It’s cold in this room. ______________________________ on the heating.
3. We haven’t got any milk.
Oh, I forgot to buy some. _______________________________ and get some now.
4. “Shall I do the washing-up?” “No, it’s all right. _______________________________ it later”
5. “I don’t know how to use this computer” “OK, _______________________________ you”
6. “Would you like tea or coffee?” “_______________________________ coffee, please”
7. “Goodbye! Have a nice holiday” “Thanks. ____________________________ you a postcard”
8. Thanks for letting me borrow your camera. _______________________________ it back to
you on Monday.
9. Are you coming with us?
No, I think _______________________________ here.

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Unit 11: Tương lai tiếp diễn và Tương lai hoàn thành
Tương lai tiếp diễn
(+) S + will be + Ving.
(-) S + will + not + be Ving
(?) Wh_ + will + S + be + Ving?
Everyone will be watching the film.
Dùng để chỉ hành động sẽ xảy ra tại
“thời điểm cụ thể” ở tương lai.
- This time next week I’ll be on holiday. I’ll be
lying on the beach or swimming in the sea.
- Don’t phone between 7 and 8. We’ll be having
dinner.
- At 10 o’clock tomorrow, she will be in her
office. She will be working.
Tương lai hoàn thành
(+) S + will have + Vpp
(-) S + will + not + have Vpp
(?) Wh_ + will + S + have + Vpp?
- She’ll have gone to work.
Chỉ một hành động xảy ra và hoàn
thành trước một hành động khác ở
tương lai.
- We are late. The film will already have started
by the time we get to the cinema.
- Ted and Ann have been married for 24 years.
Next year they will have been married for 25
years.

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** BY THE TIME + HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN, TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH
BÀI TẬP: CHIA THÌ TƯƠNG LAI TIẾP DIỄN HOẶC TƯƠNG LAI HOÀN THÀNH
1. Don’t phone between 7 and 8. ____________________________ (we/have) dinner then.
2. Phone me after 8 o’clock. ____________________________ (we/finish) dinner by then.
3. Tomorrow afternoon we’re going to play tennis from 3 o’clock until 4.30. So at 4 o’clock,
____________________________ (we/play) tennis.
4. A: Can we meet tomorrow?
B: Yes, but not in the afternoon. ____________________________ (I/work)
5. B has to go to a meeting which begins at 10 o’clock. It will last about an hour.
A: Will you be free at 11.30?
B: Yes, ____________________________ (the meeting/end) by then.
6. Ben is on holiday and he is spending his money very quickly. If he continues like this,
____________________________ (he/spend) all his money before the end of his holiday.
7. Do you think ____________________________ (you/still/do) the same job in ten years’ time?
8. Lisa is from New Zealand. She is travelling around Europe at the moment. So far, she has
travelled about 1000 miles. By the end of the trip, ____________________________
(she/travel) more than 3000 miles.
9. If you need to contact me, ____________________________ (I/stay) at the Lion Hotel until
Friday.
10. A: ____________________________ (you/see) Laura tomorrow?
B: Yes, probably. Why?
A: I borrowed this CD from her. Can you give back to her?

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Unit 12: When … | Had better | It’s time
1. “Will you phone me tomorrow?” – “I’ll phone you when I get home”
I’ll phone you when I get home
Mệnh đề chính Mệnh đề “when”
** Thời gian trong câu này là tương lai (tomorrow), nhưng ta dùng thì hiện tại (I get) trong mệnh
đề “when”. Ta không được sử dụng “will” cho mệnh đề “when”.
 We’ll go out when it stops rainning.
 When you are in London again, come and see us.
 What do you want to be when you grow up?
** Tương tự như vậy, trong mệnh đề “while/ before/ after/ as soon as/ once/ until/ till”, ta cũng
dùng thì hiện tại, không dùng “will”.
 I’m going to read a lot while I’m on holiday.
 I’ll probably go back home on Sunday. Before I go, I’d like to visit the museum.
 Wait here until I come back.
** Ta cũng có thể dùng hiện tại hoàn thành sau “after/ when/ until/ as soon as …”
 Can I borrow that book after you’ve finished with it?
 Don’t say anything while Tom here. Wait until he has gone.
- Ta dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành để ám chỉ việc này hoàn thành xong trước rồi việc kia mới xảy
ra. Ta không dùng hiện tại hoàn thành khi hai sự việc xảy ra cùng lúc.
 When I phone Kate, I will ask her about the party.
2. Had better + V = ‘d better + V: tốt hơn là nên …
- Ta dùng “had better do something” khi nói nên làm việc gì đó, vì nếu không làm thì vấn đề
nào đó hoặc sự nguy hiểm nào đó sẽ xảy ra.
 I have to meet Ann in ten minutes. I’d better go or I’ll be late.
 W’d better stop for petrol soon. The tank is almost empty.
*** Lưu ý: dù “had” là dạng quá khứ, nhưng nghĩa của “had better” là hiện tại hoặc tương lai.

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*** “had better” tương tự như “should” nhưng không hoàn toàn giống nhau. Ta dùng “had better”
cho những tình huống cụ thể (không dùng cho những điều chung chung). Ta có thể dùng “should”
cho mọi tình huống để đưa ra quan điểm hoặc lời khuyên.
 It’s late. You’d better go / You should go.
 You’re always at home. You should go out more often. (ko dùng “had better”)
*** Thêm vào đó, “had better” dùng trong trường hợp nếu ta không làm theo thì sẽ có vấn đề
không tốt xảy ra; còn “should” chỉ có ý nghĩa là đấy là một điều tốt nên làm.
 It’s a great film. You should go and see it.
 The film starts at 8:30. You’d better go now or you’ll be late.
3. It’s time (for sb) to …: đã tới lúc (ai đó) nên làm gì …
 It’s time to go home. / It’s time for us to go home.
Ta cũng có thể nói:
 It’s late. It’s time we went home.
Ở đây ta dùng thì quá khứ đơn “went”, nhưng nghĩa là của hiện tại, không phải quá khứ.
 It’s time he got up.
 You’re very selfish. It’s time you realised that you’re not the most important person in this
world.
Ta cũng có thể dùng “it’s about time + quá khứ đơn”
 Jack is a great talker. But it’s about time he did something instead of just talking.

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Bài tập 1: Hoàn thành câu với từ trong ngoặc. Tất cả câu đều nói về tương lai.
1. I _________________ (phone) you when I _________________ (get) home from work.
2. I want to see JuLia before she _________________ (go) out.
3. We’re going on holiday tomorrow. I _________________ (tell) you all about it when we
_________________ (come) back.
4. Brian looks very different now. When you _________________ (see him) again, you
_________________ (not/ recognise) him.
5. _________________ (you/be) lonely without me while I _________________ (be) away?
6. We must do something soon before it _________________ (be) too late.
7. I don’t want to go without you. I _________________ (wait) until you _________________
(be) ready.
8. Sue has applied for the job, but she isn’t very well-qualified for it. I _________________ (be)
surprised if she _________________ (get) it.
9. I hope to play tennis tomorrow if the weather _________________ (be) nice.
10. I’m going out now. If anybody _________________ (phone) while I _________________ (be)
out, can you take a message?
Bài tập 2: Tạo thành một câu từ hai câu
1. It will stop rainning soon. The we’ll go out.
_______________________________________ when ______________________________.
2. I’ll find somewhere to live. Then I’ll give you my address.
_______________________________________ when ______________________________.
3. I’ll do the shopping. Then I’ll come straight back home.
_______________________________________after ______________________________.
4. It’s going to get dark. Let’s go home before that.
______________________________________ before ______________________________.
5. She must apologise to me first. I won’t speak to her until then.
_______________________________________ until ______________________________.
Bài tập 3*: Đọc tình huống và viết lại câu với cấu trúc: It’s time + quá khứ đơn
1. You think the children should be in the bed. It’s already 11 o’clock.
_________________________________________________________
2. You haven’t had a holiday for a very long time. You need one now.
It’s time I _________________________________________________
3. You’re sitting on a train waiting for it to leave the station. It’s already five minutes late.
_________________________________________________________
4. You enjoy having parties. You haven’t had one for a long time.
_________________________________________________________
5. The company you work for has been badly managed for a long time. You think some changes
should be made.
_________________________________________________________
6. Andrew has been doing the same job for the last ten years, He should try something else.
_________________________________________________________

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Unit 13: Can/ Could/ Would you …? (yêu cầu, đề nghị, cho phép, lời mời)
1. Yêu cầu ai đó làm gì: Can you …? / Could you …? (~ ask sb to V)
** Ta dùng “can/could” khi bảo ai đó làm gì
 Can you wait a moment, please?
 Could you wait a moment, please?
 Liz, can you do me a favour?
 Excuse me, could you tell me how to get to the airport?
** Ta cũng dùng “will/would” để bảo ai đó làm gì, nhưng “can/could” thì thông dụng hơn:
 Lizz, will you do me a favour?
 Would you please be quiet? I’m trying to concentrate.
2. **Hỏi xin điều gì: Can I have …? / Could I have …? (~ ask for smt)
 (in a shop) Can I have these postcards, please?
 (during a meal) Could I have the salt, please?
** Ta cũng có thể dùng “May I have …?”
 May I have these postcards, please?
3. Xin làm điều gì: Can/ Could/ May I …?
 Can I speak to Steve, please?
 Could I use your phone?
 Do you think I could borrow your bike?
 May I come in?
4. **Đề nghị làm điều gì đó: Can I …?
 “Can I get you a cup of coffee?” “That would be nice”
 “Can I help you?’ “No, it’s all right. I can manage”
5. Đề nghị hoặc mời: Would you like …?
 “Would you like a cup of coffee?” “Yes, please”
 “Would you like to come to dinner tomorrow evening?’ “I’d love to”
** “I’d like …” là cách lịch sự để nói bạn muốn điều gì
 I’d like some information about hotels, please.
 I’d like to try on this jacket, please.

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Bài tập*: Đọc tình huống và viết lại câu
1. You’re carrying a lot of things. You can’t open the door yourself. There’s a man standing near
the door. You say to him: ______________________________________________________
2. You phone Sue, but somebody else answers. Sue isn’t there. You want to leave a message for
her. You say: ________________________________________________________________
3. You’re a tourist. You want to go to the station, but you don’t know how to get there. You ask
at your hotel: ________________________________________________________________
4. You are in a clothes shop. You see some trousers you like and you want to try them on. You
say to the shop assistant: ______________________________________________________
5. You have a car. You have to go the same way as Steve, who is on foot. You offer him a lift.
You say to him: _____________________________________________________________
6. You want to borrow your friend’s camera. What do you say to hime?
__________________________________________________________________________
7. You are at a friend’s house and you want to use her phone. What do you say?
__________________________________________________________________________
8. You’ve written a letter in English. Before you send it, you want a friend to check it for you.
What do you ask? ___________________________________________________________
9. You want to leave work early. What do you ask your boss?
___________________________________________________________________________
10. The woman in the next room is playing music. It’s very loud. You want her to turn it down.
What do you say to her? _______________________________________________________
11. You’re on a train. The window is open and you’re feeling cold. You’d like to close it, but first
you ask the woman next to you. _________________________________________________
12. You’re still on the train. The woman next to you has finished reading her newspaper, and you’d
like to have a look at it. You ask her: ____________________________________________

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Unit 14: Modal Verbs and Conditionals
Động từ khuyết thiếu (Modal Verbs)
✓ must: phải must not = mustn’t: không được (phép)
-> You must do your homework everyday
-> You mustn’t eat in class
 What does your Mum say? Write must or mustn’t
• You ………………………. tidy your room
• You ………………………. go to bed late
• You ………………………. get up early
• You ………………………. eat your dinner
• You ………………………. be good
• You ………………………. play loud music
✓ have to: phải don’t / doesn’t have to: không cần (làm gì)
-> You have to wear a uniform at school
-> You don’t have to come to the party with me
 Read and circle all the examples of have to. What does Mike have to do today?
Hi, my name is Mike. Today I have to do a lot of things. First, I have to clean my room.
Then, I have to look after my little sister because my father has to go shopping. Then
later, I have to help my father make a big chocolate cake for my mum’s birthday party
this evening.
Today is a very busy day but a very nice one, too!

56. Grammar
55 | P a g e
✓ Shall …? khi ta muốn làm điều gì đó cho người khác
-> Shall I make you a cup of tea?
 Complete the dialogues with the questions
Shall I get a DVD? Shall I call a taxi?
Shall I open it? Shall I make some sandwitches
• A: Look at the time! It’s time to go
B: ……………………….……………………….
A: Yes, please.
• A: I’m starving
B: ……………………….……………………….
A: That’s lovely, thank you
• A: There is someone at the door
B: ……………………….……………………….
A: Yes, please!
• A: There’s nothing on TV tonight
B: ……………………….……………………….
A: That sounds great!

57. Grammar
56 | P a g e
✓ May I …? khi ta muốn xin phép ai làm gì
-> May I open the door? => Yes, you may. / No, you may not.
 Imagine that you are a guest in a friend’s house. Ask politely for what you want using
may.
• You want to open the window because it’s very hot
➢ May I ……………………….………………..
• You want to watch TV
➢ ……………………….……………………….
• You want to have a sandwich
➢ ……………………….……………………….
• You want to have some orange juice
➢ ……………………….……………………….
• You want to call your mother
➢ ……………………….……………………….
✓ can / could …: có thể
✓ will / would …: sẽ
✓ may / might …: có thể
✓ should / ought to / had better…: nên
✓ be able to …: có thể
Điều đặc biệt của Động Từ Khuyết Thiếu
✓ Chúng CHỈ có một dạng với TẤT CẢ ngôi chủ ngữ: He must …; you must …
✓ Chúng lên trước Chủ ngữ để làm câu hỏi: Can I …? Can he …?
✓ Sau chúng là động từ nguyên thể KHÔNG “to”: He must drive
✓ “have to” là trường hợp đặc biệt, cần trợ động từ (do/does/did/have …) để tạo câu hỏi và
câu phủ định

58. Grammar
57 | P a g e
Câu điều kiện (Conditionals)
Loại Mệnh đề “If” Mệnh đề chính
Loại 1 – Tương lai
(chỉ một sự việc có thể xảy ra
ở tương lai)
If + Hiện tại đơn
(V/Vs/Ves)
will/can/shall/may + V
Rút gọn “If”: Should + S + V nguyên thể, S + will/can/shall/may + V
Loại 2 – Hiện tại
(giả định trái với hiện tại)
If + quá khứ giả định
(Ved/were)
would/could/should … + V
Rút gọn “If”: Were + S + _____ , S + would/could/should … + V
Loại 3 – Quá khứ
(giả định trái với quá khứ)
If + quá khứ hoàn thành
(had + Vpp)
would/could/should … + have +
Vpp
Rút gọn “If”: Had + S + Vpp , S + would/could/should … + have + Vpp
Bài tập 1: Chia dạng đúng của động từ
1. They would be offended if I _____________________to their party. (not/ go)
2. If you took more exercise, you _____________________ better. (feel)
3. If they offered me the job, I think _____________________ it. (take)
4. A lot of people would be out of work if the car factory ___________________. (close down)
5. If I sold my car, I _____________________ much money for it. (not/ get)
6. What would happen if somebody _____________________ that red button? (press)
7. I don’t think there’s any chance that Gary and Emma will get married. I’d be absolutely
astonished if they _____________________. (do)
8. Liz gave me this ring. She _____________________ very upset if I lost it. (be)
9. Dave and Kate are expecting us. They would be very disappointed if we
_____________________. (not/ come)
10. Would Steve mind if I _____________________ his bike without asking him? (borrow)
11. What would you do if somebody _____________________ in here with a gun? (walk)
12. I’m sure Sue _____________________ if you explained the situation to her. (understand)
Bài tập 2*: Hỏi bạn của bạn những tình huống sau. Sử dụng: What would you do if …?
1. (imagine – you win a lot of money)
____________________________________________________________________
2. (imagine – you lose your passport)
____________________________________________________________________
3. (imagine – there’s fire in the building)
____________________________________________________________________