This document discusses implementing a neighborhood traffic calming program to address the problem of speeding. It begins by outlining the advantages and disadvantages of speed humps, as well as alternative solutions that are less effective such as signs and stop signs. The proposed solution is a comprehensive program involving community education, enforcement of traffic laws, and engineering techniques. It would require cooperation between residents, municipal officials, and law enforcement. Effectiveness would depend on community investment. Potential barriers include concerns about vehicle damage from speed humps and increased emergency response times.

1. 1
Assignment 3
Dirck Mitchell
ENG 201
Professor Kasraie
August 30, 2021
Introduction
The advantages of speed humps are clear. we need them in some
neighborhoods to slow down traffic. If used correctly, they are
intended to easily slow vehicles down and potentially cause
fewer accidents. Despite this, there are many claims that they
actually cause more accidents as well being damaging to
vehicles and people and causing greater issues. One problem in
the community is drivers speeding; therefore, city council
should take a look at the issue and install speedbumps. The
main counter argument to this proposal is Speedbumps will
mess up vehicles suspension, but the proposed solution will be
more effective because it will slow down traffic, protect our
playing children, and build the neighborhood repour .Problem
The main cause of speeding in the neighborhood is people in a
rush to get home as a result of extended traffic on freeways
Once they make it to the neighborhood everyone wants to rush
through the last minutes of travel. However impatience and lack
of respect is a much larger source of the problem. According to

2. the (National Highway Traffic Safety Administration), "In the
United States in 2017 speeding caused the death of 9,717
people." When drivers choose not to abide by speed laws,
especially in residential areas, they put their own communities
lives at risk. This includes children, pedestrians, bicyclists,
other drivers, and pets Be the change you want to see by
ensuring you abide by speed limits and encourage your family
members to do the same. Residential neighborhoods should be
family-friendly areas, which should also be free from life-
threatening behaviors. Speeding drivers will make front yards
dangerous places for children to play and no one should want to
be responsible for that outcome.
Speeding is a preventable cause of accidents, the reason speed
limits exist are to try to keep everyone on the road safe. A study
conducted in Michigan by Richard Beaubien and published by
the Institute of Transportation Engineers showed that placing
stop signs along a roadway increased driver speeds, rather than
decreasing them, Lowering the speed limit below typical
roadway safety standards is also ineffective because most
drivers travel at a speed they deem typical for the roadway
conditions, rather than constantly checking their speedometer
against speed limit signs. Based on this information it can be
said that the normal ways we know to reduce the speeding on
our neighborhoods are more likely not to work as we expect.
Research and innovation are key to solving the problem
permanently
Solution
I feel a great solution is to institute a neighborhood traffic
calming program that emphasizes community involvement and

3. combines education and enforcement with engineering
techniques such as speed humps. Studies and enforcement data
history indicate that most speeding on local roads is done by
drivers who live in the same neighborhoods, so a community
education campaign including articles in the newspapers or
social media groups can be very effective at increasing
awareness and reducing speeds. This requires working as a
team, with municipal officials, law enforcement, and residents.
in an effort to make roadways safer for the entire community.
It’s also important to connect the education effort with
enforcement by police and let people know tickets will begin to
increase. Education itself will not deter speeders ,however the
threat of fines can reduce speeding over the long haul. Many
communities find it helpful to create a committees to address
traffic concerns in the respective neighborhoods. The committee
can provide information on speeding and work with the
municipal officials, and police to devise a strategy to address
them. Of coourse all final decisions will be made by officials,
but the committee will play a significant role in advising them.
A comprehensive traffic calming program like this that
combines education, enforcement, and engineering design can
be very successful at eliminating speeding on local roads, but
the effectiveness of a traffic calming program depends on how
invested the community is in making it work.Risk
Although speed humps have been proven to reduce speed and

4. make neighborhoods safer, the opposition will claim that they
can and will cause damage to vehicles, that they also can
increase emergency response time, and increase traffic noise.
While there is potential for speed humps to damage the
undercarriage of vehicles, although speed bumps are a common
traffic calming tactic, studies show that speed humps are not as
effective as you might assume. Drivers are forced to slow down
with speed bumps actually increase their speed between each
hump to make up for lost time. Speed bumps also cause damage
to cars that travel over them daily. The biggest deterrent is that
they require vehicles to dramatically slow down, even those
following the speed limits and also emergency vehicles.
Unfortunately, static road signs like a typical speed limit sign
are some of the least effective options because of the way our
brain works. Drivers get desensitized and tune out elements that
we drive by frequently. Traditional signs are also unlikely to
grab the attention of a distracted driver. Despite the obvious
benefits, Signs have traditionally been too expensive for the
consumer market. However, putting more solutions in the hands
of citizens could be just what is needed to make neighborhoods
safer.Benefits
speed humps urge drivers to slow down in specified regions.
When someone sees a speed bump hey tend to slow down and
approach the speed bump with caution. Many people who have
seen speed bumps try to avoid the area which is helpful to those

5. who want to protect their children. This is frequently the case
on roadways near schools or in congested areas. If someone like
to speed and they know there are speed bumps in a certain area
they will either have to slow down or avoid the area.
It allows drivers to slow down at the crossroads and be more
observant of traffic lights and pedestrians. When a driver slows
down at any point they have no choice but to pay more attention
to their surroundings. Without speed bumps drivers who are
distracted give less attention to their surroundings. Forcing a
driver to slow down can be the only reason the driver saw a
child playing or a ball rolling in to the street. When a car is
forc3ed to slow down it give the driver more time and distance
to react to anything in the roadway and reduces the chance of
losing control of the vehicle.
A sequence of reflective material can be added to a speed bump
to make it noticeable at night or in poor light roads. This would
be advantageous for locations that operate in all hours of the
night, it encourages potentially sleepy drivers to be alert. A
speeder catching a glimpse of reflective material may look
harder at the item and slow down. This will also alleviate some
of the damage to vehicles that the opposition complains so much
about. Seeing a reflective strip on the ground lead to visual
investigation and "most" driver will slow down until they know
its safe to proceed. Conclusion
Speed bumps are designed to slow down drivers and protect

6. pedestrians from anxious drivers. They’re specifically made to
slow down vehicles on the road, in neighborhoods, and parking
lots and most often used in areas with speed limits of 35 MPH
or less. Many people argue how much damage speed bumps can
cause to their cars.
Sources
Rainer Spiegel 1, Parvis Farahmand, Fábio Anciães Da Silva,
Jens Claassen, Roger Kalla https://eds-a-ebscohost-
com.libdatab.strayer.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=5&sid=8870197b
-272a-4c36-8164-95657af2cf4a%40pdc-v-
sessmgr01&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0
ZQ%3d%3d#db=i3h&AN=7070751
MICHAEL D. MILLER, TIMOTHY R. LEVINE
https://www.taylorfrancis.com/chapters/edit/10.4324/978020388
7011-25/persuasion-michael-miller-timothy-levine
Ramaley, Judith A.
https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?referer=
&httpsredir=1&article=1021&context=pubadmin_fac
Yongjun Shin &Donghee Shin
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/10630732.2016.1
175826
Benefits of speed bumps
https://www.businessmodulehub.com/blog/5-major-incredible-

7. benefits-of-speed-humps/
Feedback Reflection
1) Describe the feedback you received from your instructor on
Assignment 2.
My feed back was mostly positive in my assignment 2 feedback.
My introduction was clear and concise which is great because I
tried to make sure that I met those requirements. I was told my
outline was also good because it de meet the requirements for
being well organized and being logical. My conclusion needs
some work because it lacked a restated thesis statement and a
practical call to action. I received a well done for explaining the
issues to my audience and used good examples. I was also told
to do better at proofreading as i left a few errors in the paper
which will be addressed in the next one.
2) Explain how you used the feedback from Assignment 2 to
help improve your writing in Assignment 3. Describe specific
changes you made based on feedback and how they improved
your work.
I used my feedback from my instructor to restate my thesis in
my conclusion, to make a more specific call to action in my
paper. I also used the feedback to do a better more thorough
proof reading effort as i left some errors in. I also used to
feedback to reinforce the clear introduction. The feedback also
helped me know that I have a good outline. It also helps me see
that i have met the requirements of certain aspect of the paper

8. and that i need to improve other aspects. These items will be
address in my final draft.
CAPSTONE COMMUNITY PROJECT
Prevention/Promotion of (insert your topic)
South University
RN to BSN Program
NSG 4076 Holistic Professional Nursing
Group #: Team Members
Directions for the slides- delete this slide after you complete the
project
Slides should have bullet points with phrases
NO FULL SENTECES; it is not a paper, phrases only

9. Do not change the slide headings
Citation placements: bottom right corner
Delete instructions on the slides and fill in required information
Make notes in note pages below slides for the content
Slides should have pictures, graphics, color, shapes, transitions,
photos, videos, etc. See “Quality” section of the rubric
Topic Overview
Provide a broad introduction to your topic using statistics,
prevalence, and facts
Describe how it affects population of interest
(Insert citations here: see handouts under APA module in
Content)
Healthy People 2020
Framework for Building the Community Project
Healthy People 2020 overview
List your topic, i.e.,
List the HP objectives that apply to your topic, including the
letter and numerical prefixes, i.e.,
Example of citation (Office of Disease Prevention and Health
Promotion [ODPHP], 2018)

10. Introducing MAPIT framework
Describe the MAPIT framework
Insert MAPIT picture
(ODPHP, 2018)
MAPIT
Mobilize: Project Goals
Describes the broad goal of the group project
This should be one sentence: The goal of the project is to…..
Insert the goal into the shape
Make it colorful
For example: Increase immunizations in adult population
MAPIT

11. Mobilize: Strategies
Articulate YOUR strategies towards getting your project going
How did you get started?
What were your first steps in developing the project?
What did you do to mobilize and start?
Be specific and list your actions, brainstorming ideas, meetings,
research, etc.
MAPIT
Mobilize: Opportunities and Barriers
Opportunities
List what you consider is your opportunities to develop and
implement your project
For example: relevant topic, receptive community, popular
topic, much needed education, cultural stereotypes, community
need, etc.
Barriers
What barriers are you foreseeing?
What interferes with your plans?
Consider: Personal and population barriers

12. MAPIT
Mobilize: Partners and Stakeholders
Lists potential partners and stakeholders
List planned potential interactions and meetings
MAPIT
Assess: Community Health Assessment
You are now in the Assessment phase
List your community: geographical area where your population
is located
MAPIT
Assess: Community Assessment
This slide should include community data from the
https://datausa.io/
Insert a screen shot of community statistics: for example,
Use additional sildes to add more statistics
Report general statistics on the community, demographics,

13. crime, income, gender, etc.
(Insert citation for the content)
MAPIT
Assess: Community Assessment
This slide should include community data from the
https://www.census.gov/
(Insert citation for the content)
MAPIT
Assess: Community Health Assessment
National
Provides national statistical data on the your project topic
Include graphs, charts, tables, etc
This slide should include data from the CDC and other sources
https://www.cdc.gov/
https://www.healthypeople.gov/

14. You may find State data for the next slide as well
(Insert citation for the content)
MAPIT
Assess: Community Health Assessment
State
Provides state statistical data on the your project topic
Include graphs, charts, tables, etc
http://www.floridahealth.gov/
(Insert citation for the content)
MAPIT
Assess: Community Health Assessment
Local
Provides local (county) statistical data on the topic
Use http://www.floridahealth.gov/ and other sources
(Insert citation for the content)
MAPIT
Assess: Windshield Survey

15. Refer to the handouts on Windshield survey posted in the
Content area in Brightspace
Conduct a Windshield survey
Insert photos of the windshield survey
Use additional slides
MAPIT
Assess: Affected Population
Report statistics on the population of your community that are
related to your topic
Describe your audience
MAPIT
Assess: Community Needs and Resources

16. Needs
What does the community need in relation to your topic?
List what you think would be nice to have in the community that
promotes your topic
Resources
What does the community have in relation to your topic?
Are there any resources available in the community in relation
to your topic? List them if any.
MAPIT
Plan: Project Goal-teaching/education session
You are now in Planning phase
You had an idea when you mobilized, you assessed your
community, now is the time to narrow your broad goal (slide 7 -
mobilization phase), into something more specific geared
towards your teaching/education session
This slide should include one sentence: your teaching/education
session goal
For example: Increase the immunization rate for the
pneumococcal pneumonia and seasonal flu vaccinations in the
adult Haitian population.

17. MAPIT
Plan: Learning Objectives - SMART
Review the SMART learning objectives module under Content
in Brightspace
Read the handout and use the worksheet to write your teaching
session specific objectives (mandatory)
Look at your teaching/education session goal (previous slide).
What content should you cover to meet this goal? Reflect on
what is it important to include in your teaching presentation so
the audience will learn the content and meet your goal.
Write 3-4 SMART learning objectives and list them in this slide
I will give you example of one….
At the end of a teaching session, the participants will state three
benefits of getting vaccinated with pneumococcal and flu
vaccines.
MAPIT
Plan: Teaching Strategies
List a catchy title for your presentation
Think back to your NSG4028 Concepts of Teaching and
Learning class. You have done a teaching plan. This is what it

18. is. You are now presenting your teaching plan.
Do not list the content that you will be presenting to you
audience
List the teaching strategies that you are planning to incorporate
in your teaching session
MAPIT
Plan: Instructional Materials
List the instructional materials that you are planning to use to
teach your audience
MAPIT
Plan: Time Frame
Provide a time frame for the teaching session
Plan for 60 minutes
Break it down and list the activities that you are planning to
incorporate and how much time each activity will take
Insert a table
MAPIT
Plan: Evaluation and Tracking

19. You are still in the planning phase; do not get confused
How will you assess that the audience learned?
What are the strategies that you know that will help you with
learners knowledge assessment? (Refer to the Teaching and
Learning class – you have covered that content)
You will have to evaluate what the audience knew before your
teaching session and what the audience know after.
The best way is to do a pre-post questionnaire; however it will
only work with adult audience but will not with children or
seniors. So be creative and suggest some other assessment.
Keep in mind your SMART learning objectives: that is the
knowledge that you are assessing
Did the audience acquire the knowledge that you set up for them
in your SMART objectives?
Develop a pre-post questionnaire reflecting your SMART
learning objectives
Take a screenshot of the questionnaire and insert it into this
slide
MAPIT
Implement: Logistics
You are now in the Implementation phase
You have implemented your teaching session
List project logistics (place, date, time, town)

20. MAPIT
Implement: Participants
List the participants
How many?
Describe the audience
MAPIT
Implement: Interactions
Summarizes key interactions
Insert pictures/short video of presentation
When presenting this slide, please mention that the pics were
taken with participant consent
MAPIT

21. Implement: Outcomes: Learning objectives
Evaluates the goal of the project and SMART learning
objectives
State that the Goal Met! ( or partially met, or not met)
State if the participants met the SMART learning objectives
MAPIT
Tracking: Feedback Results
What was used to track results? (questionnaire? )
Present the data using graphs, pie charts, etc.
See next few slides for an example
Create a chart of your results (bar chart, pie chart, etc.)
Use Power Point tab (Insert – Chart)

22. Change chart title
Delete D column
Delete line 5 if only have 3 questions
Rename lines 2, 3, 4
Rename column B, C
Insert your data
As you are editing your table,
the graph will automatically adjust
MAPIT
Tracking: Future Suggestions
Suggestions for the future
Project improvement suggestions
Revisions for future implementation
What could be done better if you had to implement this project
again?
CONCLUSION
Short summary of the project

23. REFERENCES
Only the references that a re listed in your slide citations should
be present here
Review the handouts under APA module in the Content area
There are examples of how to correctly reference and cite
Healthy People 2020, CDC, websites, etc.