Social

1. SOCIALISM
• the broadest political ideologies----- confusion
of theories and traditions
• Tempted to refer to socialism
• For “true” socialism-----more hostile with one
another not to other ideologies

2. • Major pol: force---- confusions
• Socialist ideas------ molded & transformed by
social, cultural & historical forces
• Origin of socialism----- in the nineteenth
century

3. • Modern socialism------- a response to the
liberalism
• socialists objected----- competition & individual
liberty
• human beings ---- by nature social or
communal creatures
• Individuals don’t live or work or reproduce the
species in isolation
• cooperation among individuals, not
competition between them
• foundation of a society------- enjoy liberty,
justice and prosperity.

4. • assign no particular value
• Don’t share the conservative's affection
• private property----- the source of the class
divisions
• Program of distribution wealth and power
• everything that people produce----a social product
participant ----- entitled to a share
• society ------own and control property for the
benefit of all
.

5. • how much property is society to own &
control
• most goods should be regarded as public
property
• major means of production should be publicly
owned & controlled
• anything that contributes to the production,
distribution, and delivery of socially necessary
goods----- socially controlled

6. • Society should own & control a power plant
• "how society is to operate this plant?" ------?
• centralized or decentralized ?
• centralized control
-the state or government assume the responsibility
for managing property & resources
- promotes efficiency of the state
- the top-heavy and sluggish bureaucracies
-centrally planned economies
• The best way-------decentralized or control in groups

7. • differ on important issues
• united in their opposition to unrestricted
capitalism
• determines the distribution of power
• Poor people have a less power
• In a capitalist society, socialists charge
"freedom" and "equality of opportunity" for
many working people
• Early socialists often sought a radical, even
revolutionary, alternative to industrial
capitalism

8. Agent
Common/
working class
Goal
Fulfillment of
human needs
Obstacle
Class divisions,
economic
inequalities

9. • In the late 19th century-----to provide greater
economic security & to integrate the working
class into industrial society
• In the advanced Western Europe, they didn't
see working class as a revolutionary force
• the First World War, the socialist world was
clearly divided b/w "communist" &
"socialist" or "social democratic"

10. • In the 20th century,----- spread into Africa,
Asia & Latin America
• Socialism often developed out of the anti-
colonial struggle
• class exploitation------- colonial oppression,
• a mixture of socialism & nationalism

11. • In the late 20th century------ challenges to socialism
• major reform programs-----mixture of economies &
expanding welfare provision----social democratic
parties
• recession in the 1970s has eroded electoral support
for socialist parties
• the breath and flexibility of socialist ideology has
also been its strength
• difficult to predict the end of an ideology