Plagiarism in Research by Effiong Fortune.pptx

EFFIONG FORTUNE
Deputy Coordinator/Director for Research, TORASIF
TOPIC:
PLAGIARISM IN RESEARCH
Plagiarism in Research by Effiong Fortune
(NiMSA SCORE-TORASIF Webinar)

 At the end of this module, participants should be able
to:
 Understand the concept of plagiarism in research
 Understand and appreciate the different types and
forms of plagiarism
 Understand the various reasons why students
plagiarize
 Understand the consequences of plagiarism
 Understand what to do so as to avoid plagiarism, with
much emphasis on the concept of paraphrasing
 Understand the different softwares used in detecting
plagiarism, how to use them, and how to interpret
Turnitin reports
Plagiarism in Research by Effiong
Fortune (NiMSA SCORE-TORASIF
Webinar)

 Different school of thoughts have defined plagiarism:
 The US Office of Research Integrity: “It involves stealing someone
else’s work and lying about it afterward.”
 Longman Contemporary English Advanced Learner’s Dictionary: The
act of plagiarism is defined as “when someone uses another
person’s words, ideas, or work and pretends they are their own”.
 The European Code of Conduct for Research Integrity: Plagiarism is
the appropriation of other people’s material without giving proper
credit
 US Federal Policy on Research Misconduct: “Plagiarism is the
appropriation of another person’s ideas, processes, results, or words
without giving appropriate credit”
Webinar)

 Whatever the school of thought, the basic ideas
seem to be that someone deliberately takes
someone else’s work, whether in the form of an
idea, a method, data, results, or text, and
presents it as their own instead of giving credit to
the person whose ideas, results, or words it is.
 These are the two core components of plagiarism
Webinar)

 Plagiarism is one of the “core”
instances of research
misconduct, the other two
being fabrication and
falsification
 It is no accident that plagiarism
is discussed in relation to
research, although it is also
clearly relevant in relation to
music, literature, art, and
design, since it relates to using
the product of someone else’s
intellectual work while passing
it off as one’s own.
Webinar)

 Self Plagiarism is an instance of someone
acquiring undeserved scientific credit by
presenting one’s own previously recognized
work as new
 Duplicate publication concerns publication
of whole articles or texts (or sets of data or
results) more than once without proper
notification of this fact.
 When the “self-plagiariser” uses shorter
passages of texts (or some figures, etc.) in
repeated instances, we prefer to speak of
inappropriate recycling of material
 When the same study or set of experiments
is dispensed in small chunks in different
papers just to increase the number of
publications, we have what is commonly
known as “salami slicing”.
Webinar)

 Use of series of words, or sentences, which are so
ordinary that they cannot meaningfully be ascribed to
anyone. Examples: “He saw me”, “Open the door”, or “I
am tired and need some sleep.” Due to their
commonness, they belong to a common pool of
expressions and sentences to which no one has an
intellectual claim
 Other examples are “The questionnaire was
distributed to a random selection of…”, “Statistical
analysis was conducted using SPSS …”, and “The study
was granted ethical approval…”
 However, If a sufficient number of ordinary sentences
not really belonging to anyone are put after each
other in exactly the same way as by another author,
then this may again be considered to be plagiarism.
Webinar)

Webinar)

Plagiarism in
Research by Effiong
Fortune (NiMSA
SCORE-TORASIF
Webinar)

 Paraphrasing softwares like Quilbot and
manchester phrasebank
 Although it is important not to rely on them
too much
Webinar)

 iThenticate
 Viper
 HelioBLAST
 Turnitin
 Grammerly
Webinar)

 US Department of Energy. (2022). Research misconduct: Information and
Frequently Asked Questions on Policies and Procedures.
https://science.osti.gov/grants/Policy-and-Guidance/Research-
Misconduct
 Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English. (2022). Plagiarize.
https://www.ldoceonline.com/dictionary/plagiarize
 Greenberg R. (2013). The problem of plagiarism among students.
Hubpages. https://discover.hubpages.com/education/The-problem-of-
plagiarism-among-students
 Virtuallibrary. (n.d.).Avoiding plagiarism.
https://www.virtuallibrary.info/avoiding-plagiarism.html
 Kroemer T. (n.d.). A Guide for Writing and Editing a Research Manuscript.
https://www.goldbio.com/articles/article/a-guide-for-writing-and-
editing-a-research-manuscript
Writing, Editing and Formating of
Mansucript - Effiong Fortune 17

 effiongfortuneb@gmail.com
Webinar)

Plagiarism in Research by Effiong Fortune.pptx

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