1. Varanasi,[2031]
Uttar Pradesh
Introduction of Master Plan
Sumit Tripathi_B.Arch 4th DAY
Session 2021-22
1
Source: Census of India.
Population 3,676,841 (2011)
Area 1535 per.sq.km
Density 2395 per.sq.km
Villages 1360
Varanasi, still widely known as Banaras or Benares, and in
ancient times as Kashi, is a city on the Ganges
river in northern India that has a central place in pilgrimage,
death, and mourning in the Hindu world. The city has a
syncretic tradition of Muslim artisanship that underpins its
tourism. Located in the middle-Ganges valley in the
southeastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi lies
on the left bank of the river. It is 692 kilometers (430 mi) to the
southeast of India's capital New Delhi, 320 kilometers
(200 mi) south-east of the state capital, Lucknow, and 121
kilometers (75 mi) east of Allahabad, another Hindu
pilgrimage site.
Source: Varanasi development authority (https://www.vdavns.com/varanas-
master-plan-2031-ZR.aspx)
2. 2
Varanasi,[2031]
Uttar Pradesh
Sumit Tripathi_B.Arch 4th DAY
Session 2021-22
• The most noticeable change during the 1991–2011 Plan is the
expansion of the area of the city (+112 %).
• The increasing population has increased the area under residential
use to 253.63 % during 1988 (Singh 2009c, p. 327).
• This dramatic change spoils the ecological system of land use; the
most crucial group is parks and open ground, which have recorded
a decrease of more than 60% in comparison to 1999.
• Similarly, agricultural land was lost within the Master Plan, at a rate
greater than 40 %. In addition to the city’s population, every day
about 45,000 commuters visit the city. This number increases to
65,000 during festive seasons.
(www.researchgate.net/A_Study_of_Banaras)
Source: ResearchGate (www.researchgate.net/A_Study_of_Banaras)
Pedestrian
network
development
Riverfront development
• The riverfront heritage covers the portion of the city
stretching within 200 m from the riverbank.
• Eighty-four riverfront ghats cover a length of 6.8 km
along the crescent-shaped bank of the River Ganga.
• This pilgrimage circuit representing the Cosmo-spatial
mandalic territory (kshetra) of Kashi is a unique
attribute of Varanasi, where exist 108 temples and
shrines.
• The total route covers 88.5km (25 krosha, i.e., 5
krosha x 5 parts) and is divided into five parts marked
by overnight stops.
![Varanasi,[2031]
Uttar Pradesh
Introduction of Master Plan
Sumit Tripathi_B.Arch 4th DAY
Session 2021-22
1
Source: Census of India.
Population 3,676,841 (2011)
Area 1535 per.sq.km
Density 2395 per.sq.km
Villages 1360
Varanasi, still widely known as Banaras or Benares, and in
ancient times as Kashi, is a city on the Ganges
river in northern India that has a central place in pilgrimage,
death, and mourning in the Hindu world. The city has a
syncretic tradition of Muslim artisanship that underpins its
tourism. Located in the middle-Ganges valley in the
southeastern part of the state of Uttar Pradesh, Varanasi lies
on the left bank of the river. It is 692 kilometers (430 mi) to the
southeast of India's capital New Delhi, 320 kilometers
(200 mi) south-east of the state capital, Lucknow, and 121
kilometers (75 mi) east of Allahabad, another Hindu
pilgrimage site.
Source: Varanasi development authority (https://www.vdavns.com/varanas-
master-plan-2031-ZR.aspx)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/masterplanvaranasireview-220819055634-0ca8895f/85/Masterplan-Varanasi-Review-pdf-1-320.jpg)
![2
Varanasi,[2031]
Uttar Pradesh
Sumit Tripathi_B.Arch 4th DAY
Session 2021-22
• The most noticeable change during the 1991–2011 Plan is the
expansion of the area of the city (+112 %).
• The increasing population has increased the area under residential
use to 253.63 % during 1988 (Singh 2009c, p. 327).
• This dramatic change spoils the ecological system of land use; the
most crucial group is parks and open ground, which have recorded
a decrease of more than 60% in comparison to 1999.
• Similarly, agricultural land was lost within the Master Plan, at a rate
greater than 40 %. In addition to the city’s population, every day
about 45,000 commuters visit the city. This number increases to
65,000 during festive seasons.
(www.researchgate.net/A_Study_of_Banaras)
Source: ResearchGate (www.researchgate.net/A_Study_of_Banaras)
Pedestrian
network
development
Riverfront development
• The riverfront heritage covers the portion of the city
stretching within 200 m from the riverbank.
• Eighty-four riverfront ghats cover a length of 6.8 km
along the crescent-shaped bank of the River Ganga.
• This pilgrimage circuit representing the Cosmo-spatial
mandalic territory (kshetra) of Kashi is a unique
attribute of Varanasi, where exist 108 temples and
shrines.
• The total route covers 88.5km (25 krosha, i.e., 5
krosha x 5 parts) and is divided into five parts marked
by overnight stops.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)