overview-The term Nursing Process was defined by 'Hall' in 1955. Yura and Walsh in 1967 proposed four components for nursing process ie. assessment, planning, implementation, and evaluation. The American Nurses Association (ANA) proposed five components adding "Nursing Diagnosis" as the second component. In 1982 the recommendations of NANDA (North American Nursing Diagnosis Association) was accepted widely.. Definition-Nursing process is a systematic and rational method of identifying health care needs, planning and providing nursing care. It provides a logical frame work on which the nursing care is based. Purposes-To identify a client’s health status & actual or potential health care problems or needs. To establish plans to meet the identified needs. To deliver specific nursing interventions to meet those needs. Descriptions-The nursing process is a systematic method that directs the nurse and patient as together they accomplish the following: Systematically collect patient data (assessing) Clearly identify patient strengths, actual and potential problems (diagnosing) Characteristics-Various words and phrases have been used to describe the nursing process. Key descriptors include systematic, dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented, and universally applicable. Problem solving & nursing process-One of the strengths of the nursing process is that it is based on a methodology that is familiar to most nursing students problem solving. Problem-solving is a basic life skill; iden- tifying a problem and then taking steps to resolve it are a matter of common sense. However, different approaches to problem-solving yield different results, some of which are more successful than others. Advantages-It is systematic and has an orderly sequence Encourages nurses to work together to achieve a common goal Helps to identify the patient's health care status and actual or potential health problems. Helps to identify nursing priorities and help direct nursing interventions based on identified priorities Provides continuity of care Identifies the needs and helps to plan the specific interventions to provide quality care. Advantages to nurses-Provides consistent and systematic nursing education Provides a common language and forms a basis for communication and understanding between nursing professionals and the healthcare team Job satisfaction to nurses Legal safety Improves professional growth

2. MRS. SUBHASHREE MAHAPATRO
FACULTY OF
KINS, KIIT DU

3.  The term Nursing Process was defined by 'Hall'
in 1955.
 Yura and Walsh in 1967 proposed four
components for nursing process ie. assessment,
planning, implementation, and evaluation.
 The American Nurses Association (ANA)
proposed five components adding "Nursing
Diagnosis" as the second component.
 In 1982 the recommendations of NANDA
(North American Nursing Diagnosis
Association) was accepted widely..

4.  Nursing process is a systematic and rational
method of identifying health care needs,
planning and providing nursing care.
 It provides a logical frame work on which
the nursing care is based.

5. To identify a client’s health status & actual
or potential health care problems or needs.
To establish plans to meet the identified
needs.
To deliver specific nursing interventions to
meet those needs.

6. The nursing process is a systematic method
that directs the nurse and patient as
together they accomplish the following:
Systematically collect patient data
(assessing)
Clearly identify patient strengths, actual and
potential problems (diagnosing)

7. Develop a holistic plan of individualized care
that specifies the desired patient goals and
related outcomes and the nursing
interventions most likely to assist the patient
to meet those expected outcomes (planning)
Execute the plan of care (implementing)
Evaluate the effectiveness of the plan of care
in terms of patient goal achievement
(evaluating)

9. Various words and phrases have been
used to describe the nursing process.
Key descriptors include systematic,
dynamic, interpersonal, outcome oriented,
and universally applicable.

10. Each nursing activity is part of an ordered
sequence of activities.
Moreover, each activity depends on the
accuracy of the activity that precedes it
and influences the actions that follow it.
Without a complete and accurate
database, the nurse cannot identify patient
strengths and problems.

11. Lacking knowledge of these, it is
impossible for the nurse and patient to
develop a plan of care based on realistic
and valued patient goals.
Unless the goals and outcomes are well
written, nursing actions and evaluation lack
focus and might be ineffective.
The nursing process directs each step of
nursing care in a sequential, ordered
manner.

12. Although the nursing process is presented
as an orderly progression of steps, in
reality, there is great interaction and
overlapping among the five steps.
No one step in the nursing process is a
one-time phenomenon; each step flows
into the next step.
In some nursing situations, all five stages
occur almost simultaneously.

13. Always at the heart of nursing is the
human being.
The nursing process ensures that nurses
are patient centered rather than task
centered.

14. Rather than simply approaching a patient
to take vital signs, the nurse might ask,
"How are you today, Mr. Raman? Are our
nursing actions helping you to achieve
your goals? What are the most important
things you'd like me to do?"
The nurse might also consider any new
data that indicate a need to modify the
patient's plan of care.

15.  The nursing process encourages nurses to
work together to help patients use their
strengths to meet all their human health
needs.
 This is different from viewing the patient as a
"problem to be solved" and interacting
mechanically to provide the solution.
 Working intimately with patients helps nurses
to explore their own strengths and limitations
and to develop themselves personally and
professionally.

16.  The nursing process offers a means for nurses and
patients to work together to identify specific
outcomes related to health promotion, disease and
illness prevention, health restoration to determine
which outcomes are most important to the patient;
and to match them with the appropriate nursing
actions.
 When these are recorded in the plan of care and
prioritized, each nurse can quickly determine the
patient's priorities and begin nursing with a clear
sense of how to proceed.

17. The one constant in healthcare is change.
When nurses have a working knowledge of
the nursing process, they find that they can
practice nursing with well or ill people,
young or old, in any type of practice
setting.

18.  It should be clear from the preceding discussion
that the nursing process provides a framework for
all the nurse's activities.
 In each nurse-patient interaction, it is important to
assess the patient, note any significant alterations
in health status, determine whether the nursing
action is helping the patient achieve his or her
goals, and modify the plan of care as necessary.

19.  Thus, the nurse who feeds a child through a
special tube as ordered by a physician continually
assesses how the child is responding to the
feeding and whether the child or family will be able
to manage the feedings independently when the
child is discharged.
 Depending on the results of the nursing
assessment, new nursing diagnoses might be
needed, along with related additions to the plan of
care.
 The nursing process offers direction for all the
activities carried out by the nurse when caring for
patients.

20.  One of the strengths of the nursing process is
that it is based on a methodology that is
familiar to most nursing students problem
solving.
 Problem-solving is a basic life skill; iden-
tifying a problem and then taking steps to
resolve it are a matter of common sense.
However, different approaches to problem-
solving yield different results, some of which
are more successful than others.

21. It is systematic and has an orderly sequence
Encourages nurses to work together to
achieve a common goal
Helps to identify the patient's health care
status and actual or potential health
problems.
Helps to identify nursing priorities and help
direct nursing interventions based on
identified priorities
Provides continuity of care
Identifies the needs and helps to plan the
specific interventions to provide quality care.

22. Provides consistent and systematic
nursing education
Provides a common language and forms a
basis for communication and
understanding between nursing
professionals and the healthcare team

23. Job satisfaction to nurses
Legal safety
Improves professional growth

24. Nurses become accountable and
responsible for patient care.
Provides a basis of evaluation to
determine if nursing care was beneficial to
the client and cost-effective
For nursing students, nursing diagnoses
are an effective teaching tool to help
sharpen their problem- solving and critical
thinking skills

25. Helps to provide patient oriented, patient
centered nursing care. .
It is dynamic.
The steps are in sequential order.
It offers the nurse a tool for analyzing
patient needs and planning their care.
Improves quality of care.
Patient is identified as an unique individual
with unique characteristics.
Universally applicable