Its very important for upcomming managers.

1. MANAGERIAL
DECISION MAKING
SUBMITTED TO- Ms.DIVYA CHOUDHARY
SUBMITTED BY- SOURAV CHAKRABORTY
DEEPMALA SENGUPTA
SUNNY MANDAL
ICHCHAWKNKU SINGH
PRITAM GHOSH

2. INTRODUCTION
What is Decision Making ?
 Decision-making is an integral part of modern management. Essentially, Rational or sound
decision making is taken as primary function of management. Every manager takes hundreds and
hundreds of decisions subconsciously or consciously making it as the key component in the role of
a manager.
 Decisions play important roles as they determine both organizational and managerial activities. A
decision can be defined as a course of action purposely chosen from a set of alternatives to achieve
organizational or managerial objectives or goals.
 Decision making process is continuous and indispensable component of managing any
organization or business activities.
 Decisions are made to sustain the activities of all business activities and organizational
functioning.

3. FEATURES OF DECISION MAKING
 A decision is a choice made from available alternatives.
 Decision-making is the process of identifying problems and opportunities and selecting a course of
action to deal with a specific problem or take advantage of an opportunity.
 Managers often are referred to as decision makers.
 Managerial decision-making differs from personal decision making in the systematic, specialized
attention that managers give to decision-making.
 Decision-making is not easy. It must be done amid ever-changing factors, unclear information, and
conflicting points of view.
 Good decision-making is a vital part of good management, because decisions determine how the
organization solves its problems, allocates resources, and accomplishes its goals.
 Although many of their important decisions are strategic, managers also make decisions about
every other aspect of an organization, including structure, control systems, responses to the
environment, and human resources.
 Plans and strategies are arrived at through decision making; the better the decision making, the
better the strategic planning.

4. TYPES OF MANAGERIAL DECISIONS
 PROGRAMMED DECISIONS- Programmed decisions are routine and repetitive, and the organization typically develops specific ways to handle
them. For this kind of routine, repetitive problem, standard arrangement decisions are typically made according to established management guidelines.
 NON PROGRAMMED DECISIONS - Non programmed decisions are typically one shot decisions that are usually less structured than programmed
decision.
 Routine and strategic decisions - Routine decisions are related to the general functioning of the organization. They do not require much evaluation
and analysis and can be taken quickly. Strategic decisions are important which affect objectives, organizational goals and other important policy
matters. These decisions usually involve huge investments or funds.
 Tactical (Policy) and operational decisions - Decisions pertaining to various policy matters of the organization are policy decisions. These are taken
by the top management and have long term impact on the functioning of the concern.
 Organizational and personal decisions - When an individual takes decision as an executive in the official capacity, it is known as organizational
decision. If decision is taken by the executive in the personal capacity (thereby affecting his personal life), it is known as personal decision.
 Major and minor decisions - Decision pertaining to purchase of new factory premises is a major decision. Purchase of office stationery is a
minor decision which can be taken by office superintendent.
 Individual and group decisions - When the decision is taken by a single individual, it is known as individual decision. Group decisions are taken
by group of individuals constituted in the form of a standing committee.

5. STEPS OF DECISION MAKING PROCESS
IDENTIFICATION
OF THE
PROBLEM
GATHER
RELEVENT
INFORMATION
IDENTIFY THE
ALTERNATIVES
WEIGH THE
ALTERNATIVES
CHOOSE AMONG
THE
ALTERNATIVES
TAKE ACTION
REVIEW YOUR
DECISION

6. IMPORTANCE OF DECISION MAKING IN
ORGANISATION
 Better Utilization of Resources
 Facing Problems and Challenges
 Business Growth
 Achieving Objectives
 Increases Efficiency
 Facilitate Innovation
 Motivates Employees

7. CONCLUSION
 Hence we conclude that decision making is a key concept, and managers are very much
responsible for that. Managers goes through a process we came to know that decisions
play important roles as they determine both organizational and managerial activities. A
decision can be defined as a course of action purposely chosen from a set of alternatives
to achieve organizational or managerial objectives or goals.