Nursing theory

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BS. N Year IV, Semester VII
Subject: Nursing Theories
1. A set of interrelated concepts that gives a systemic view of phenomenon. Which is
explanatory and predictable in nature.
a. Theories
b. Control practice
c. Description
d. Obligation
2. Components of theories include concepts, definition, Models and:
a. Assumptions
b. Principles
c. criteria
d. Outcome
3. Amongst the following types of concepts, which one is NOT included in nursing theories?
a. Empirical
b. Inferential
c. Abstract
d. Concrete
4. The most important function of the theory that guide us that our professional practice should
be:
a. Tradition based
b. Evidence based
c. Road map
d. Model based
5. The weapons and tools that are emerged from theories to explain relationships of different
theoretical concepts, and to be applied in professional practice is:
a. Evidence
b. Models
c. Patterns
d. Client
6. Nursing theories are important because it allow nurses to set:
a. Professional boundaries
b. Nursing future
c. Standards for practice
d. All
7. Theory of nursing that focus on concepts of “manipulating the environment in order to put
the patient in the best possible condition for nature to act” is developed by:
a. Madeleine. M.
b. Erikson. Tomlin
c. Nightingale
d. Martha. E. Rogers

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8. Ida Jean Orlando produced her theory, where patient is central character, assessment should
be need base, and care should be planned on setting:
a. Nurse outcomes
b. Patient outcomes
c. Nursing process
d. Validating needs
9. According to Ida Jean Orlando theory nurses should provide care to the patient by responding
to:
a. Culture differences
b. Energy deficit
c. Immediate Needs
d. Humanistic interventions
10. Theory should be consistent with other theories, laws and principles, and should carry
characteristics of having:
a. Completeness in all aspects
b. No assumption for future research
c. Guiding principles used by practitioners
d. Multiple hypothesis to study upon
11. “A creative and rigorous structuring of ideas that project a tentative, purposeful and
systemic view of phenomena” is the definition of:
a. Theory
b. Process
c. Practice
d. Model
12. Four global concepts that are described in most of the nursing theories are:
a. Human Being, patient, Health, & Nursing
b. Disease,Environment, - Health, & Nursing
c. Patient,Environment, - Health, & Nursing
d. Human Being, Environment, - Health, & Arts
13. In presented concepts of every nursing theory, each patient has specific needs,
individualizing care to meet the needs, and to promote health and optimal functioning. In
assessment process, nurse must have considered the patient as:
a. Human Being
b. Sick person
c. Well person
d. Dignified person

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14. Which of the following components of nursing theory plays an important role in patient’s
participation in his/her care process and facilitate in enhancing optimal functioning?
a. Nursing
b. Health
c. Assumptions
d. Environment
15. Component of nursing theory that translates concepts of nursing theory into application of
nursing practice is:
a. Definition
b. Models
c. Assumptions
d. Process
16. Which one is the most important function of the theory that guide us towards our
professional practice?
e. Development of new skills
f. Evidence based care
g. Development of new knowledge
h. Establishes new theory
17. The theory that describes how all parts work together as a whole, and how each part work
in relation to whole independently is called:
a. Developmental theory
b. Adaptation theory
c. General System theory
d. Functional theory
18. Adoption is continuously occurring process in which human adjustment took place
internally. This process is related with:
a. Social change
b. Behavior modification
c. Biochemical reactions
d. Externalization
19. The fundamental component of theories that describes objects, properties, and events and
allows theorist to build upon his/her study is:
e. Principles
f. Preposition
g. Concepts
h. Definition
20. To facilitate better patient care, enhance professional status, and help to generate further
knowledge are the benefits of:
a. Nursing theory
b. Nursing process
c. Conceptual Framework
d. Piaget theory

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21. According to Martha Roger’s theory, human beings (patient) cannot divided into parts, but
have to be looked as a whole, this is called:
a. Unitary human beings
b. Similarity of all human beings
c. Integrity of human beings
d. Dignity of human beings
22. Human beings is unified whole, possessing individual integrity and characteristics. These
component include:
a. Mass, structure, body, feeling
b. Weight, structure, functions, feeling
c. Mass, structure, functions, feeling
d. Mass, structure, systems, emotions
23. Life process of human being follows one another through a sequential stages of
development. These are:
a. Concepts, birth, infancy,
b. Adolescence, adult hood & old age
c. Both a & b
24. Only b Universal stressors exist in the environment disturbing a client’s usual stability
level or normal LOD (Line of Defense). Each stressor has:
a. Same potential
b. differ in its potential
c. some potentials
d. no potential
25. If client’s blood pressure is high or low. This indicate that environmental stressor has
affected line of defense (LOD) of:
a. Psychological system
b. Sociocultural system
c. Developmental system
d. Physiological system
26. Any change that occur in the physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental
and spiritual system of the client. This is called:
a. The particular inter-relationships
b. Client variables
c. Degree of stressors
d. Possible reaction to stressors.

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27. Each client/ client system has evolved a normal range of responses to the environment that
is referred to as a:
a. Normal reaction of body.
b. Prevention
c. Normal Line of Defense.
d. Abnormal defense
28. According to Betty Neumann’s System Model, the normal LOD can be used as a standard
from which to:
a. Measure wellness deviation.
b. Measure sickness deviation.
c. Measure disease deviation.
d. Measure health deviation.
29. The client whether in a state of wellness or illness, is a dynamic composite of the inter-
relationships of the variables.
30. An optimal state of system stability is called.
a. Illness
b. Wellness
c. Disease
d. Pattern
31. Which one clinical method is applied in client assessment and intervention in
identification and reduction of possible or actual risk factors?
a. Primary prevention
b. Secondary prevention
c. Tertiary prevention
d. Intermediate interventions
32. Secondary prevention relates to appearing symptoms following a reaction to stressor. The
nurse response to appropriate ranking of intervention priorities and treatment would be to:
a. Initiate or take action
b. Prevent symptoms
c. Reduce their noxious effects.
d. Increase activities
33. The client as a system is in dynamic, and exchanges constant energy with:
a. The environment
b. Other systems
c. Other patients
d. Nurses

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34. The condition in which all system parts and subparts are in harmony in functioning with
the whole system of the client is called:
a. Wellness
b. Illness
c. Disease
d. Adjustment
35. Neumann, 1995)” given the definition that “the condition in which all system’s parts and
subparts (variables) are in harmony with the whole of the client”. This definition relates
with which of the following?
a. Nursing
b. Health
c. Pattern
d. Model
36. In the process of care, Henderson's philosophy emphasizes the functions of the nurse
along with a list of basic patient needs. This list includes:
a. 8 basic needs
b. 12 basic needs
c. 14 basic needs
d. 16 basic needs
37. When a conscious patient is unable to perform task of daily living. What will be the role
of nurse in this compromised state?
a. Help the patient to perform task
b. Assess the need for participation first
c. Perform the task by self
d. Inform the physician
38. Henderson views the nursing process as "really the application of the logical approach to
the solution of a problem”. What is the reason behind the logical approach?
a. The steps developed on scientific method.
b. It is an approach of good practice
c. Complete assessment is done to diagnose
d. Diagnosis are picked from Ninda Classification
39. For what reason "Nursing process stresses the science of nursing rather than the mixture of
the science and art on effective health care services of any kind?
a. It developed by using skills
b. It is mental activity
c. It is research based model
d. It implies in all health care setting

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40. Among the following, which of the following is not related to basic human needs?
a. Breathe normally
b. Eat and drink adequately
c. Eliminate body wastes
d. Chose profession as a career
41. When patient is unable to move and maintain desirable postures due to disease or accident,
this is diagnosing by the nurse as:
a. Knowledge deficit
b. Care deficit
c. Physical limitation
d. Behavior problem
42. When a patient progressed to maintain body temperature within normal range by
adjusting clothing and modifying the environment. In scientific terms, this is called the
Ability to:
a. Meet own needs with or without assistance
b. Meet own needs without assistance
c. Strengthen systems consideration
d. Improve strength, will, and knowledge
43. Speed or degree to which the patient performs independently the activities of daily living.
This is evaluated as:
a. Positive patient outcomes
b. Positive nursing outcomes
c. Improved health
d. Successful recovery
44. Nurse performed passive exercise on daily basis to reduce the Knee joint stiffness. After
one-week patient started walking without any difficulty. This nursing care evaluation
categorized as:
a. Positive patient outcomes
b. Positive nursing intervention’s outcomes
c. Improved health strategies
d. Successful implementation of exercise
45. When a nurse provided a patient with comfortable bed, take care of its wheel’s locks, and
call bell is in his her access. Which need of the patient she considers?
a. Biological
b. Physical
c. Spiritual
d. Safety

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46. Henderson believed nurses had to teach patients certain concepts to promote health
included, but not limited to diet, rest, exercise and also help patients with psychosocial
recovery visa supporting spirituality and combine these concepts in a holistic approach.
This approach is label as:
a. Health Promotion
b. Wellness Concepts
c. Preventative Medicine
d. Rehabilitation
47. According to the Twenty –One Nursing Problems theory, patients are described as having,
physical, emotional and sociological needs, this is called:
a. Total health needs
b. Theoretical framework
c. Model for care
d. Model for nursing diagnosis
48. The theory that developed on assumption that all human being have capability to respond,
accept or reject internal, external, and physical changes is called:
a. Adoption
b. General system
c. Developmental
d. Humanistic
49. According to Ida Jean Orlando theory nurses should provide care to the patient by
responding to:
a. Culture differences
b. Energy deficit
c. Immediate Needs
d. Humanistic interventions
50. In application of any nursing theory, which component of nursing process is most
fundamental to make nursing diagnosis?
a. Planning care
b. Implementing care
c. Use FPH model
d. Assessment
51. According to school of thoughts, nursing theories are placed in various categories.
Florence Nightingale theory falls into category of:
a. Interaction
b. System
c. Energy
d. Needs

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52. The nursing theory that developed on assumption that good therapeutic nurse patient
relationships in health of patient. This theory is placed in category of:
a. Humanism
b. Outcomes
c. Interaction
d. Field
53. When any theorist develops his/her theory, what is an important component that guide
nurses to integrate concepts into clinical practice?
a. Patient
b. Health
c. Model
d. Environment
54. Common concepts in all nursing theories include the following Except:
a. Nursing history
b. The person or patient
c. Health & environment
d. Nursing goals and functions
55. It is important to use consistent language in developing nursing theories because it:
a. Guide professional practice at all levels
b. Produce & Apply same meanings
c. Improve patient care
d. Guide for new research
56. Words that describes objects, properties, or events in any of the Nursing theories is called:
a. Image
b. Model
c. Concept
d. Principle
57. Watson’s theory offers a conceptual approach to care, focused on nonmedical, human-to-
human caring relationships. These relationships are viewed as:
a. The core of nursing practice
b. Foundation of theories
c. Nurse’s role and responsibilities
d. Nurse doctor relationship
58. Which one is fundamental unit of all living and non- living being as per “Science of
Unitary Human Being” theory?
a. Openness
b. Pattern
c. Energy field
d. Integrity

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59. All human beings interact with their environment, and constantly exchange their energies.
This concept is described in Roger’s theory as:
a. Closeness
b. Openness
c. Behavior
d. Foundation
60. A balance between dynamic life process and environment is called:
a. Integrity
b. Pandiamensialilty
c. Resonance
d. Homodynamic
61. While providing care to the patient, the nurse should focus on Nutrition, sleep, rest,
exercise and relation of the patient with others to promote:
a. Life process
b. Field energy
c. Human dynamics
d. Behavior patterns
62. Five assumptions/ concepts are presented in Roger’s theory, which one related with life
process?
a. Unified whole
b. Irreversible change
c. Individual and environment
d. Uniqueness of individual
63. Nursing should provide care to the healthy as well as ill and discussed health promotion as
an activity in which nurses should engage. This is the theoretical believe of:
a. Nightingale
b. Martha Roger
c. Marline
d. Dorothy
64. Theory of self- care deficit includes universal self- care needs, developmental self- care
needs and needs when health is:
a. Deteriorated
b. Deviation
c. Improving
d. Primary concern
65. When maintenance of continuous self- care requires the use of special techniques and
application of scientific knowledge in providing patient care. The nurse must use which of
the following theory?
a. Behavior system
b. Cross culture
c. Health beliefs
d. Self-care deficit

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66. When nurse is developing nursing diagnosis on the basis of strengths and limitation of
patients, she is using which of the following theory?
a. Behavior system
b. Cross culture
c. Self-care deficit
d. Health beliefs
67. The performance or practice of activities that individuals initiate in maintaining life,
health, and wellbeing on their own behalf. This concept of caring is called:
a. Self-care
b. Outcome criteria
c. Participatory care
d. Goal orientation
68. When adult patients are having limited capabilities/strengths to feed and dress themselves
and incapable to control elimination and body movements. The nursing diagnosis would
be made to utilizing which of the following theory?
a. Elimination Factors
b. Deficit in performing self-care
c. Individualized care
d. Sociocultural apparatus
69. According to Orem’s theory the gender, age, developmental state, health state, socio-
cultural orientations, health care systems, family system, living pattern, resources
adequacy and availability is called:
a. Attributory factors
b. Secondary factors
c. Conditioning factors
d. Privileges
70. Newman statethat the ability of the human being to “interact with the environment” is:
a. Consciousness
b. Subconscious
c. Dualism
d. Holism
71. Components of Newman’s theory in relation to consciousness are:
a. Cognitive awareness, Affective awareness
b. Physiochemical maintenance
c. Growth processes, Immune System
d. All
72. According to views of Newman, Health encompasses disease and non-disease and is a
manifestation of the underlying pattern of:
a. Person and behavior
b. Person’s environment
c. Environment and disease
d. Environment and health

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73. In Newman’s view, is to establish a primary relationship with the client for the purpose of
identifying meaningful patters and facilitating the client’s action potential and decision-
making ability, this is the responsibility of a:
a. Nursing Manger
b. Professional doctor
c. Professional nurses
d. Hospital management
74. The task of nursing is not to try to change the behavior or health patterns of another
person, but to recognize it as information, and use these information:
a. In planning patient care
b. Assessing problems
c. Making nursing diagnosis
d. Both a and c
75. System include physiological, psychological, sociocultural, developmental and spiritual
variables that interact with internal and external environments. This concept is presented
by:
a. Betty Neumann’s model
b. Dorothy assumptions
c. Imogen concepts
d. Martha Roger
Malik Noor-Ul-Haq Khan
Student of BSN,
Semester-VII.