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RESEARCH METHODS
QUESTIONAIRES
AD’S
• Quick and efficient
• Reliable, quantifiable data-
• Closed questions- produce graphs
• Easy to analyse
• Cost efficient
• Time efficient
• Large audience responded
• Open questions- Wider audience,
more responses, opinions.
• Qualitative data.
• Replicable
• Can be given to any target
audience.
DISAD’S
• Not much detail gathered
• Closed questions- can lead to
biased answers. Leading
questions?
• Open questions- Too many
answers so responses are harder
to analyse
• Time consuming leads to false
answers
• Costly
INTERVIEWS
AD’S
• Can be done anywhere – face to
face, online, phone etc.
• Qualitative data gathered a lot of
detail can be gathered
• If questions thought of beforehand
then reliable and efficient.
Structured
• Less costly
• Depending on target audience
gather positive feedback
DISAD’S
• If questions not prepared
beforehand can can varied
responses – unreliable
• If a lot of detail gathered harder
to analyse - unstructured
• Responses can be based around
environment, interviewer etc
leading to biased questions
• Time consuming
• Lack of attention
• Depending on amount of people
the feedback you may get may
not be enough need larger
audience
FOCUS GROUPS
AD’S
• Gather qualitative data
• Allows everyone to participate
• Cost efficient
• Allows participant to give their
opinion
• Can gather many different ideas
• Get many responses from
different target audiences
DISAD’S
• Time consuming
• Depending on participant can
receive bias responses as people
are different- introvert/extrovert.
• Not in depth
• If you go off topic. If unmotivated
gain no feedback then unreliable
data produced.
• The specific target audience for
feedback may not be reliable if
not enough participants
ONLINE DISCUSSIONS
AD’S
• Can be conducted anywhere
• Reliable
• Cost efficient
• Very effective allows everyone to
give their opinion eg if introvert
they can write something
anonymously
• Gain knowledge
• Get many responses, analyse
• Qualitative data
• Target audience online so positive
feedback
DISAD’S
• Participants may not have
internet, or laptops etc so difficult
for them to participate
• If target audience young age then
for them to participate in a online
discussion is not very efficient as
they may not understand what
happening. Again may not have
the technology
• Discussion can lead off topic
leading people to get
unmotivated and ending up with
them leaving the discussion.
OBSERVATION
AD’S
• Qualitative and quantitative
data gathered
• Done in real life situations
• Replicable
• Compare data for inter rater
reliability
• Relevant data
• Observing target audience with
their permission gathers
positive data but questionable.
DISAD’S
• May not be representative for
target audiences
• Overt – if observing someone by
telling them they may not
behave naturally.
• Covert- If observing someone
without their permission
unethical issues will occur.
• Observing any target audience
without their permission is
wrong

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Research methods

  • 2. QUESTIONAIRES AD’S • Quick and efficient • Reliable, quantifiable data- • Closed questions- produce graphs • Easy to analyse • Cost efficient • Time efficient • Large audience responded • Open questions- Wider audience, more responses, opinions. • Qualitative data. • Replicable • Can be given to any target audience. DISAD’S • Not much detail gathered • Closed questions- can lead to biased answers. Leading questions? • Open questions- Too many answers so responses are harder to analyse • Time consuming leads to false answers • Costly
  • 3. INTERVIEWS AD’S • Can be done anywhere – face to face, online, phone etc. • Qualitative data gathered a lot of detail can be gathered • If questions thought of beforehand then reliable and efficient. Structured • Less costly • Depending on target audience gather positive feedback DISAD’S • If questions not prepared beforehand can can varied responses – unreliable • If a lot of detail gathered harder to analyse - unstructured • Responses can be based around environment, interviewer etc leading to biased questions • Time consuming • Lack of attention • Depending on amount of people the feedback you may get may not be enough need larger audience
  • 4. FOCUS GROUPS AD’S • Gather qualitative data • Allows everyone to participate • Cost efficient • Allows participant to give their opinion • Can gather many different ideas • Get many responses from different target audiences DISAD’S • Time consuming • Depending on participant can receive bias responses as people are different- introvert/extrovert. • Not in depth • If you go off topic. If unmotivated gain no feedback then unreliable data produced. • The specific target audience for feedback may not be reliable if not enough participants
  • 5. ONLINE DISCUSSIONS AD’S • Can be conducted anywhere • Reliable • Cost efficient • Very effective allows everyone to give their opinion eg if introvert they can write something anonymously • Gain knowledge • Get many responses, analyse • Qualitative data • Target audience online so positive feedback DISAD’S • Participants may not have internet, or laptops etc so difficult for them to participate • If target audience young age then for them to participate in a online discussion is not very efficient as they may not understand what happening. Again may not have the technology • Discussion can lead off topic leading people to get unmotivated and ending up with them leaving the discussion.
  • 6. OBSERVATION AD’S • Qualitative and quantitative data gathered • Done in real life situations • Replicable • Compare data for inter rater reliability • Relevant data • Observing target audience with their permission gathers positive data but questionable. DISAD’S • May not be representative for target audiences • Overt – if observing someone by telling them they may not behave naturally. • Covert- If observing someone without their permission unethical issues will occur. • Observing any target audience without their permission is wrong