Presentation on the imperatives

1. POSSESIVE ADJECTIVES
IMPERATIVES

2. IMPERATIVES
• IN GENERAL, IT IS USED TO GIVE ORDERS,
INSTRUCTIONS OR WARNINGS. IMPERATIVE
PHRASES ARE CONSTRUCTED DIFFERENTLY THAN
AFFIRMATIVE: A SUBJECT IS NOT USED BECAUSE THE
SUBJECT IS ALWAYS ASSUMED TO BE "YOU" AND
THE MAIN VERB IS IN THE INFINITIVE FORM.

3. EXAMPLE OF IMPERATIVES
Orders
Don't feed the animals.
No des de comer a los
animales.
Instructions Warnings
Open your books.
Abrid vuestros libros.
Clean your teeth, now!
¡Lávate los dientes,
ahora!

4. ¿HOW IS THE IMPERATIVE
USED?
• THE AFFIRMATIVE FORM:
IN AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES, THE INFINITIVE FORM
OF THE VERB IS USED AND THIS CAN BE
ACCOMPANIED BY A COMPLEMENT. IT IS IMPORTANT
TO NOTE THAT THE SUBJECT IS NOT PRESENT
BECAUSE IT IS UNDERSTOOD THAT IT IS YOU.

5. EXAMPLE
Look!
¡Mira!
Call the police!
¡Llama a la
policía!

6. THE NEGATIVE FORM
•IN NEGATIVE SENTENCES, WE USE THE
FORM DON'T
•(OR THE AUXILIARY DO + NOT)
FOLLOWED BY THE VERB IN THE
INFINITIVE.

7. EXAMPLE
Don't play inside the
house!
¡No juguéis dentro de
la casa!
Do not talk.
No habléis.

8. OTHER USES OF THE
IMPERATIVE
•THE IMPERATIVE IS A FORM THAT IS
USED ESSENTIALLY TO GIVE ORDERS,
ALTHOUGH IT IS ALSO USED IN THE
FOLLOWING CASES:

9. EXAMPLE
Invitations Tips
Come to the party
tonight.
Ven a la fiesta
esta noche.
Help!
¡Ayuda!
Be polite to your
father.
Sé educado con tu
padre.
Beg or ask for
help

10. IF WE WANT TO EXPRESS A REQUEST IN A CORDIAL
WAY, WE HAVE THE OPTION OF INCORPORATING
THE PARTICLE DO OR THE INTERJECTION PLEASE AT
THE BEGINNING OF THE SENTENCE:
Do be quiet.
Guardad silencio.
Please, sit down.
Por favor, siéntate.

11. LET'S
• THERE IS A VERY COMMON WAY TO INCLUDE YOURSELF
IN PRAYER. THIS IS THE CASE OF LET'S (THE
CONTRACTED FORM OF LET US). IT IS GENERALLY USED
IN INVITATIONS OR SUGGESTIONS WHEN WE WANT
SOMEONE TO DO SOMETHING WITH US OR NOT, BUT IT
CANNOT BE CONSIDERED AS AN ORDER.

12. THE AFFIRMATIVE FORM
• TO CONSTRUCT AFFIRMATIVE SENTENCES OF THIS TYPE WE WILL
PLACE LET'S FOLLOWED BY THE VERB IN INFINITIVE AND A
COMPLEMENT.
EXAMPLE:
Let's go out tonight!
¡Salgamos esta noche!
Let's watch a film.
Vamos a ver una
película.

13. THE NEGATIVE FORM
• IN NEGATIVE SENTENCES, WE WILL USE THE LET'S CONSTRUCTION
FOLLOWED BY THE NOT PARTICLE, PLUS THE INFINITIVE VERB AND
THE COMPLEMENT.
EXAMPLE:
Let's not talk about it.
No hablemos de eso.
Let's not smoke here.
No fumemos aquí.

14. THE IMPERATIVE IS A VERB TENSE THAT IS
EQUIVALENT TO THE IMPERATIVE IN SPANISH:
OPEN THE DOOR, DON'T RUN, ETC. IT IS USED
TO GIVE ORDERS, INSTRUCTIONS, ADVICE,
ETC.
STRUCTURE EXAMPLES
AFFIRMATIVE Infinitivo + (complemento)
Take the books!
(tú) ¡Coge los libros!
NEGATIVE
Do not / Don't + infinitivo +
(complemento)
Don't open the window!
(tú) ¡No abras la ventana!

15. LET’S IS A VERY COMMON WAY TO INCLUDE
YOURSELF IN THE CASE OF INVITATIONS OR
SUGGESTIONS.
STRUCTURE
EXAMPLES
AFFIRMATIVE
Let's + infinitivo +
(complemento)
Let's take the books!
(tú) ¡Cojamos los libros!
NEGATIVE
Let's + not + infinitivo +
(complemento)
Let's not fight!
¡No nos peleemos!