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Simon Gascoin1, Manuel Grizonnet2, Marine Bouchet2, Tristan
Klempka2, Germain Salgues3, Olivier Hagolle1,2
1CESBIO, 2CNES, 3Magellium
Toulouse, France
Two years of high resolution snow cover maps
in the Pyrenees from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
Ramsay 1998
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
Ramsay 1998
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
Dozier & Marks 1987
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
Landsat-5 (Jan 1985)
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
• 2000’s: MODIS
500 m, 1 day day 1
day 2
day 3
day 4
day 5
day 6
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
• 2000’s: MODIS
500 m, 1 day
Snow
Cloud
No snow
Gap-filling (cloud removal)
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
• 2000’s: MODIS
500 m, 1 day
MODIS vs. Landsat
MODIS 500-m, 1 day Landsat-8 30-m, 16 days
t
MODIS
Landsat-8
MODIS vs. Landsat
MODIS 500-m, 1 day Landsat-8 30-m, 16 days
t
MODIS
Landsat-8
Sentinel-2
Remote sensing of the snow cover area
• 1966 first snow map of
North Hemisphere (NOAA)
190 km, 7 days
• 1980’s: Landsat
30 m, 16 days (at best)
• 2000’s: MODIS
500 m, 1 day
• 2015: Sentinel-2
20 m, 5 days
day 1
day 6
day 11
Sentinel-2 TOA
Snow and
cloud masks
Atmospheric
and terrain
correction
Cloud and
cloud shadow
detection
Snow
detection
neigeaNDSI
MIRVIS
MIRVIS
NDSI
Þ>
+
-
=
Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 snow processor
DEM
Code and doc: http://tully.ups-tlse.fr/grizonnet/let-it-snow
Example Sentinel-2 snow map
Snow
No snow
Cloud
Tile 110 km
10 km
Example Sentinel-2 snow map
Snow
No snow
Cloud
10 km
Baqueira
1 km
Example Sentinel-2 snow map
Snow
No snow
Cloud
10 km
Baqueira
1 km
Example Sentinel-2 snow map
Snow
No snow
Cloud
10 km
Snow maps every ~10 days
Example Sentinel-2 snow map
10 km
Snow maps every ~10 days
http://www.cesbio.ups-
tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=10274
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Landsat-8
Sentinel-2
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Landsat-8
Sentinel-2
Number of images per month
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
1) If both on the same date
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour
Number of snow days
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Number of snow days in 2015-2016
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Number of snow days in 2015-2016
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Number of snow days in 2015-2016
Sentinel-2 + Landsat-8 MODIS Aqua + Terra
Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps
Number of snow days in 2015-2016
Elevation band (m)
Conclusion
Data: http://theia.cnes.fr/Download free Sentinel-2 snow maps
Near real time production coming soon!
And more tiles in the Alps, Spain etc.
Documentation: http://www.cesbio.ups-
tlse.fr/multitemp/?page_id=10748
Les Deux Alpes: Summer ski area
Alpe d’Huez
Deux Alpes
SPOT-5 Take5 image time series
http://www.cesbio.ups-
tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=8676
Slides presented at the Pyrenean Symposium on Snow and Avalanches

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Slides presented at the Pyrenean Symposium on Snow and Avalanches

  • 1. Simon Gascoin1, Manuel Grizonnet2, Marine Bouchet2, Tristan Klempka2, Germain Salgues3, Olivier Hagolle1,2 1CESBIO, 2CNES, 3Magellium Toulouse, France Two years of high resolution snow cover maps in the Pyrenees from Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8
  • 2. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days Ramsay 1998
  • 3. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days Ramsay 1998
  • 4. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) Dozier & Marks 1987
  • 5. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) Landsat-5 (Jan 1985)
  • 6. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best)
  • 7. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best)
  • 8. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) • 2000’s: MODIS 500 m, 1 day day 1 day 2 day 3 day 4 day 5 day 6
  • 9. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) • 2000’s: MODIS 500 m, 1 day Snow Cloud No snow Gap-filling (cloud removal)
  • 10. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) • 2000’s: MODIS 500 m, 1 day
  • 11. MODIS vs. Landsat MODIS 500-m, 1 day Landsat-8 30-m, 16 days t MODIS Landsat-8
  • 12. MODIS vs. Landsat MODIS 500-m, 1 day Landsat-8 30-m, 16 days t MODIS Landsat-8 Sentinel-2
  • 13. Remote sensing of the snow cover area • 1966 first snow map of North Hemisphere (NOAA) 190 km, 7 days • 1980’s: Landsat 30 m, 16 days (at best) • 2000’s: MODIS 500 m, 1 day • 2015: Sentinel-2 20 m, 5 days day 1 day 6 day 11
  • 14. Sentinel-2 TOA Snow and cloud masks Atmospheric and terrain correction Cloud and cloud shadow detection Snow detection neigeaNDSI MIRVIS MIRVIS NDSI Þ> + - = Sentinel-2 and Landsat-8 snow processor DEM Code and doc: http://tully.ups-tlse.fr/grizonnet/let-it-snow
  • 15. Example Sentinel-2 snow map Snow No snow Cloud Tile 110 km 10 km
  • 16. Example Sentinel-2 snow map Snow No snow Cloud 10 km Baqueira 1 km
  • 17. Example Sentinel-2 snow map Snow No snow Cloud 10 km Baqueira 1 km
  • 18. Example Sentinel-2 snow map Snow No snow Cloud 10 km Snow maps every ~10 days
  • 19. Example Sentinel-2 snow map 10 km Snow maps every ~10 days http://www.cesbio.ups- tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=10274
  • 20. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Landsat-8 Sentinel-2
  • 21. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Landsat-8 Sentinel-2 Number of images per month
  • 22. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps 1) If both on the same date
  • 23. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps 2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour
  • 24. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps 2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour
  • 25. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps 2) Temporal interpolation by nearest neighbour Number of snow days
  • 26. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Number of snow days in 2015-2016
  • 27. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Number of snow days in 2015-2016
  • 28. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Number of snow days in 2015-2016 Sentinel-2 + Landsat-8 MODIS Aqua + Terra
  • 29. Combining Landsat-8 and Sentinel-2 snow maps Number of snow days in 2015-2016 Elevation band (m)
  • 30. Conclusion Data: http://theia.cnes.fr/Download free Sentinel-2 snow maps Near real time production coming soon! And more tiles in the Alps, Spain etc. Documentation: http://www.cesbio.ups- tlse.fr/multitemp/?page_id=10748
  • 31. Les Deux Alpes: Summer ski area Alpe d’Huez Deux Alpes SPOT-5 Take5 image time series http://www.cesbio.ups- tlse.fr/multitemp/?p=8676