Glaucoma is a chronic eye condition characterized by damage to the optic nerve, which is responsible for transmitting visual information to the brain. It is often associated with increased intraocular pressure (pressure inside the eye) and can lead to gradual vision loss if left untreated. One of the challenging aspects of glaucoma is that it is often referred to as the "silent thief of sight" because it typically does not cause noticeable symptoms in its early stages. As the disease progresses, however, individuals may experience gradual loss of peripheral vision, blurred vision, seeing halos around lights, eye pain or redness, and difficulty adjusting to dark rooms. The exact cause of glaucoma is not fully understood, but it is commonly related to increased pressure inside the eye. Other risk factors for glaucoma include advancing age, a family history of the disease, certain medical conditions such as diabetes, and the prolonged use of corticosteroid medications. To diagnose glaucoma, a comprehensive eye examination is conducted. This examination involves measuring intraocular pressure, evaluating the appearance of the optic nerve, assessing visual field (peripheral vision), and analyzing the drainage angle in the eye. The main goal of glaucoma treatment is to lower intraocular pressure in order to prevent further damage to the optic nerve. The treatment options for glaucoma include the use of medicated eye drops to reduce eye pressure, oral medications, laser therapy to improve drainage, and surgery to create a new drainage channel. Management of glaucoma requires regular check-ups with an eye care professional to monitor the progression of the disease and adjust the treatment plan as needed. Adherence to prescribed medications and lifestyle modifications are crucial in controlling the disease and preventing vision loss. While glaucoma cannot be completely prevented, early detection and treatment play a vital role in slowing down its progression and preserving vision. Therefore, it is recommended to undergo regular eye exams, especially for individuals over the age of 40 or those with a family history of glaucoma. In summary, glaucoma is a chronic eye condition that can cause vision loss if left untreated. Early detection, regular eye exams, and appropriate treatment are key to managing glaucoma and preserving vision.