introduction to protein objective of protein importance of protein in medicine scope of protein biomolecules

1. BIOCHEMISTRY & CLINICAL PATHOLOGY
Topic- Introduction to Biochemistry
D.Pharm 1st year
Presented by-
Shweta Mishra
HYGIA GROUP OF INSTITUTION

2. Contents
❖ Introduction to Biochemistry
❖ Objective of Biochemistry
❖ Importance of Biochemistry in medicine
❖ Scope of Biochemistry
❖ Biomolecules

3. Introduction to
Biochemistry
➔ The term Biochemistry was first of all
introduced by a German chemist Carl
Neuberg in 1903.
➔ Biochemistry is a basic science which
deals with chemical nature and chemical
behavior of living organisms.
➔ Biochemistry describes all the
biochemical reactions at the molecular
level in a living cells.
➔ Biochemistry deals with body substances
eg.- carbohydrate, proteins, fats,
hormones, enzymes, amino acids, DNA,
RNA.
➔ It describes their origin, formation,
function, deficiency and symptoms in
living being.

4. Objective of Biochemistry
➔ To study the catalytic activity of
enzymes.
➔ To study the structure and properties of
substance which enter the cell as
sources of energy OR leave the cell as
waste products.
➔ To study the chemical constituents of
living matter.
➔ To study the identification of disease
mechanisms.
➔ To study the chemical changes which
occur in the organisms during digestion,
absorption and excretion.
➔ To study the in-born errors of
metabolism.

5. Importance of biochemistry in medicine
In physiology:- Biochemistry
helps to understand the
biochemical changes and related
physiological alteration in the
body.
In pathology:- Pathology of
any disease is studied through
biochemical changes.
Nutrition deficiency:- In the present
scenario, many people rely on taking
multivitamin and mineral for better
health. The function and role of the
vitamin in the body are described by
biochemistry.
Hormonal deficiency:- There are
many disorders due to hormonal
imbalance in especially women and
children. The formation and role of
hormones in the normal body function is
taught in biochemistry.

6. Scope of Biochemistry
➔ Study of cell structure and its
components.
➔ Metabolism of lipid and their
disorders.
➔ Study of enzymes, vitamins and their
deficiency manifestations.
➔ Chemistry of carbohydrate, proteins,
amino acids, lipids and inorganic
elements and their deficiency
manifestation.
➔ Chemistry of nucleic acid,
recombinant DNA- technology.
➔ Metabolism of carbohydrate,
proteins and amino acids and their
metabolic disorders.

7. Biomolecules
➔ Biomolecules are organic molecules
present in living systems.
➔ The major elements present in
biomolecules are C, H, N and O.
➔ The biomolecules can be classified as:-
1. Macromolecules
2. Micromolecules
❖ Macromolecules :- They are very large
complex organic molecules with high
molecular weight. Eg.- Carbohydrate,
protein, lipids.
❖ Micromolecules :- They are simple,
smaller organic molecules with low
molecular weight. They generally act as
building blocks of macromolecules. They
are also called as monomers OR
subunits.

8. THANK YOU