This document discusses muscle stimulators and neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES). NMES sends electrical impulses to nerves to cause muscle contractions, mimicking signals from the central nervous system. It can be used to strengthen and maintain muscle or prevent atrophy, especially for immobilized patients. Motor points are the most electrically excitable areas of muscles, located where motor nerves enter muscles. Benefits of electrical muscle stimulation include decreasing pain, promoting tissue healing, and increasing muscle strength and activity. It can be used to improve strength and range of motion or reduce spasms. Contraindications include using it over carotid sinuses or for patients with pacemakers, infections, inability to communicate, pregnancy, or peripheral vascular

1. Muscle
Stimulators
Name:- Shruti Kumari

2. Definition
• Neuromuscular and Muscular Electrical
Stimulation (NMES) is a modality that sends electrical
impulses to nerves which causes the muscles to
contract mimicking the action potential coming from the
central nervous system. It may be applied during
functional movement or without functional movement. It
has been used throughout the years for strengthening
and maintaining muscle strength and preventing
atrophy, especially with immobilized patients.

3. MOTOR POINTS
• Motor point is the most electrically excitable area of the muscle,
where a minimum amount of electrical stimulation will easily
excite that portion of the muscle. It is usually located at the
centre of the muscle mass, where the motor nerve enters the
muscle.motor point is the most electrically excitable area of the
muscle, where a minimum amount of electrical stimulation will
easily excite that portion of the muscle. It is usually located at
the centre of the muscle mass, where the motor nerve enters
the muscle.

4. Benefits of EMS
• Benefits of EMS include:
• Decreasing pain
• Promote tissue healing
• Increase muscle strength
• Maintaining and regaining muscle activity

5. Indications
• To improve muscle strength and prevent muscle
atrophy.
• To improve and maintain the range of motion around a
joint.
• To reduce muscle spasticity and spasms.
• To increase cardiovascular function through the activity
of large muscle groups.

6. Contraindications
• when placed over the carotid sinus
• when the patient has a pacemaker
• when we have areas of active tissue infection and
devitalized skin
• when the patient is unable to comprehend instructions
and provide feedback
• when the patient is pregnant
• when the patient has a peripheral vascular disease