simply aez is very important term for knowing climate, geographical condition, crops etc.

1. Agroecological Zones of Bangladesh &their Soil Conditions
Fig:AgroecologicalZonesof Bangladesh
Agroecological Zone landareasrecognisedon the basisof hydrology,PHYSIOGRAPHY,soil
types,tidal activity,croppingpatterns, SEASONS.Infactan agroecological zone indicatesan
area characterisedbyhomogeneous agricultural andecological characteristics.This
homogeneityismore prominentinthe subregion andunitlevels.The agroecologicalzones
of Bangladeshhave beenidentifiedonthe basisof fourelementssuchasphysiography,
SOILS, land levelsinrelationtofloodingand agroclimatology.Bangladesh hasbeen
tentatively dividedinto30 agroecological zones.These 30zoneshave beensubdividedinto
88 agroecological sub-regions,whichhave been furthersubdividedinto535 agroecological
units.Physiographyformsthe primaryelementin defininganddelineatingthe agroecological
regionsinBangladesh.Soilsformthe second elementindefininganddifferentiating
agroecological zonesassoil conditions determine importantpropertiesforplantgrowth,
moisture supply,rootaerationandnutrient supply.The thirdfactorislandlevel inrelation
to flooding.Inthisregardthe countryhas been classifiedintofourtypesof landlevel suchas
highland(landwhichisabove normal flood-level),mediumhighland(landwhichnormallyis
floodeduptoabout90 cm deepduringthe FLOODseason),mediumlowland(landwhich
normallyisfloodeduptobetween90cm and 180 cm deepduringthe floodseason),lowland
(landwhichnormallyisfloodeduptobetween 180 cm and 300 cm deepduringthe flood
season),verylowland(landwhichnormallyis floodeddeeperthan300 cm duringthe flood
season).Anadditional class,bottomland,is recognisedfordepressionsitesinanylandlevel
classwhichremainswetthroughoutthe year.The depthlimitsbetweenthe depthof
floodingclassesare notrigid.Floodlevelsinanarea may vary by as muchas a metre or
more between differentyears.Theymayalsoreachtheirpeak levelsforonlyafew daysat a

2. time duringa particularyear.These classesactuallyindicate the level of flooding which
farmersexpectwhen theydecidewhichCROPStogrow inthe kharif seasonontheir
differentkindsof land,basedon theirlongexperience of cultivationonparticular sites.
Highland may be suitable for kharif or perennial DRYLAND crops if the soils are permeable.
Impermeable soils or soils which can be made impermeable by PUDDLING may be suitable for
transplanted aus and/or aman paddy if bunds are made to retain rainwater on fields. Medium
highland is suitable for crops which can tolerate shallow flooding, such as broadcast or transplanted
aus paddy, JUTE and transplanted aman paddy. Early kharif dryland crops which mature before
flooding starts can be grown on permeable soils, and late kharif and early rabi dryland crops on soils
which drain in September-October. Medium lowland is flooded too deeply for transplanted aus or
transplanted aman paddy to be grown reliably. Mixed broadcast aus and deepwater aman is a
common practice; or long aman seedlings may be transplanted as the floodwater recedes. Dryland
rabi crops are widely grown on soils which drain in October or November. Lowland is flooded too
deeply for broadcast aus or transplanted aman to be grown.Deepwater aman is typically grown on
such land, although the cultivation of irrigated boro paddy on such land in the dry season now
precludes the cultivation of deepwater aman over considerable areas of lowland. Dryland rabi crops
can only be grown if flood water recedes before December. Very low land generally is too deeply
flooded for even deepwater aman to be grown.Bottomland stays too wet for paddy to be sown
broadcast. The traditional crop on such land is local boro paddy, either not irrigated or irrigated by
traditional low-lift IRRIGATION devices. In a few other areas where flooding normally does not
exceed 1.5m, very long aman paddy seedlings are transplanted early in the MONSOON season.The
fourth element considered in identifying agroecological zones in Bangladesh comprises the four
climatic zones of the country. The combined agroclimatic zones could be superimposed on the zones
and sub-regions to create unique agroecological units. The Agroecological Zones (AEZ) database is
unique and is being extensively used for national and local level production planning purposes.The
agroecological resources are increasingly playing an important role in agricultural planning,
technology transfer and specific bio-physical resource utilisation programme activities. The database
on AEZ, however, needs updating as over time there have been some changes in the land types
because of roads and other structural measures, variability in precipitation and TEMPERATURE as
well as innovation of modern crop cultivation which could survive under different environmental
stressconditions. A brief descriptionof 30 AEZ regionsisgivenbelow:
Zones/Regions Sub Regions
1. Old HimalayanPiedmontPlain a) North-central;b)Northern; c) Southern
2. Active TistaFloodplain Active TistaFloodplain
3. Tista MeanderFloodplain a) Central;b) Eastern;c) LowerAtrai Floodplain;d) Lower
Little JamunaFloodplain;e) North-easternandSouthernNorth-western;f)UpperLittleJamuna and
Middle Atrai Floodplain
4. Karatoya-Bangali
Floodplain a) NorthernandCentral;b) South-western
5. Lower Atrai Basin LowerAtrai Basin
6. Lower Punarbhaba
Floodplain LowerPunarbhabaFloodplain

3. 7. Active Brahmaputra-JamunaFloodplain Active Brahmaputra-JamunaFloodplain
8. Young Brahmaputraand JamunaFloodplain a) High JamunaFloodplain;b)Upper
BrahmaputraFloodplain;c) UpperBrahmaputra-JamunaFloodplain
9. Old Brahmaputra
Floodplain a) Bansi Valley;b) High;c) Low; d)MediumHigh;e)MediumLow
10. Active Ganges
Floodplain Active Ganges Floodplain
11. HighGanges River
Floodplain a) Central and Southern;b) Ganges- MahanandaFloodplain;c)Northern
12. Low Ganges River
Floodplain a) Central;b) Eastern
13. GangesTidal
Floodplain a) KhulnaSundarban;b) Nonsaline,calcareous;c)Nonsaline,
calcareousand non calcareous;d)Nonsaline, noncalcareous;e) Saline,AcidSulphate Soils;f) Saline,
calcareousand noncalcareous;g) Saline,noncalcareous
14. Gopalganj-KhulnaBeels Beel centres
15. Arial Beel Arial Beel
16. Middle MeghnaRiver
Floodplain Middle MeghnaRiver Floodplain
17. LowerMeghna River
Floodplain a) Calcareous,flood protected;b) Calcareous,unembanked;c)
Noncalcareous,floodprotected;d)Noncalcareous, unembanked
18. YoungMeghna Estuarine
Floodplain a) Nonsaline:Central Bhola;b) Nonsaline:MeghnaEstuaryCharland;c)
Nonsaline:North Bhola;d) Saline:Central Bhola;e) Saline:Noakhali,HatiyaandMeghnaEstuary;f)
Saline:SandwipandSouth Bhola
19. OldMeghna Estuarine
Floodplain a) Dhaka-Narayanganj- DemraProjectArea;b)High:OldMeghna Estuarine
Floodplain;c) Low:Daudkandi-Habiganj;d) Low:Dhaka- Shariatpur- Barisal;e) Low:Eastern
Kishoreganj;f) Low:Gopalganj Beels margins;g) Low:Habiganj-NorthBrahmanbaria;h) Low: Titas
Floodplain;i) MediumLow;j) Very poorlydrained: Laksham-Begumganj
20. EasternSurma-Kushiyara
Floodplain Eastern Surma-KushiyaraFloodplain
21. SylhetBasin a)Central andSouthern; b) Northern;c)Western

4. 22. NorthernandEasternPiedmontPlain a) Northernand EasternBasins;b)
NorthernandEastern PlainsandBasins;c)North-westernPlains andBasins;d) South Sylhet
PiedmontPlains
23. ChittagongCoastal Plain a) BeachRidges, Mangrove Swampand Mud Clay;b) Mangrove
Tidal Floodplain;c) PiedmontPlainsand RiverFloodplains; d)YoungTidal Floodplain
24. St Martin’s Coral Island St. Martin’sCoral Island
25. Level Barind Tract a) Highland andMediumHighland;b)MediumLowlandand Lowland
26. HighBarind Tract HighBarindTract
27. North-easternBarindTract a) Mainlypoorly drained;b) Mainlywell drained;c) Mixedwell
drainedandpoorly drained
28. MadhupurTract a) Mainlypoorly drainedlevel terrace; b) Mainlywelldrained
dissectedterrace 29. Northernand EasternHills a) Low hillsand PiedmontPlains;b) Mainlyhighhill
ranges;c) Mainlylowhills
30. AkhauraTerrace AkhauraTerrace
DESCRIPTION OF AGROECOLOGICALZONES OF BANGLADESH:
1.Old Himalayan PiedmontPlain(4,008 sqkm) this distinctive regionisdevelopedinanoldTista
alluvial fanextendingfromthe footof the HIMALAYAS.It has a complex relief pattern.Deep,rapidly
permeable sandyloamsandsandy clayloamsare predominantinthis region.They are strongly
acidicin TOPSOILandmoderately acidicinSUBSOILS; low inweatherable K minerals.Sevengeneral
soil typesoccurin the region,of whichnon-calcareousbrownfloodplain soils,blackterai soils,and
non-calcareousdark greyfloodplainsoilspredominate.Organicmatter contentsare generallyhigher
than inmost FLOODPLAIN soilsof Bangladesh.The natural fertilityof the soil ismoderate butwell
sustained.Soil fertilityproblemsinclude rapid leachingof N,K,S,Ca, Mg and B. Most of
PANCHAGARHandTHAKURGAON districtsand the northwesternpartof DINAJPURdistrictare
includedinthiszone.
2.Active Tista Floodplain(830 sqkm) thisregion includesthe active floodplainsof the TISTA ,
DHARLA andDUDHKUMAR rivers.It hascomplex patternsof low,generallysmoothridges,inter-
ridge depressions,riverchannelsandcut-off channels.The areahasirregularpatternsof grey
stratifiedSANDSandSILTS.Theyare moderately acidicthroughoutandparentalluviumismedium in
weatherable Kminerals.Fourgeneral soil typesoccurinthe region,andof them, non-calcareous
alluviumpredominates.OrganicmattercontentsandSOILFERTILITY level are low tomedium.
3.Tista MeanderFloodplain (9,468 sq km) this regionoccupiesthe majorpart of the Tistafloodplain
as well asthe floodplainof the ATRAI,LITTLEJAMUNA , KARATOYA ,Dharla and Dudhkumarrivers.
Most areas have broad floodplainridgesandalmostlevelbasins.There isanoverall patternof olive
brown,rapidly permeable,loamysoilsonthe floodplainridges, andgreyordark grey,slowly
permeable,heavy siltloamorsiltyclayloamsoilsonthe lower landandPARENTMATERIALS
mediumin weatherable Kminerals.Eightgeneral soil types occurinthe region,moderatelyacidic
throughout, lowinorganicmattercontenton the higherland, butmoderate inthe lowerparts.
Fertilitylevelis lowtomedium.Soils,ingeneral,have good moisture holdingcapacity.
4.Karatoya-Bangali Floodplain(2,577 sq km) this regionisverysimilartothe Tista Meander
Floodplaininphysiographyandsoil,and comprisesamixture of Tistaand BRAHMAPUTRA
sediments.Mostareashave smooth,broad,floodplainridgesandalmost level basins.The soilsare

5. greysiltloamsand siltyclayloamsonridgesandgrey or dark grey claysin basins.Five generalsoil
typesoccur in the region,of whichnon-calcareousgrey floodplainandnon-calcareousdarkgrey
floodplainsoilspredominate.The soil is moderatelyacidicthroughout.Organicmattercontentsare
generallylowinthe cultivatedlayerof ridge soils andmoderate inbasins.Generalfertilityis
medium.The easternhalf of BOGRA andmost of SIRAJGANJdistrictsare includedin thiszone.
5.Lower Atrai Basin (851 sq km) thisregion comprisesthe low lyingareabetweenthe BARIND
TRACT and the Gangesriverfloodplain.Itincludesthe CHALAN BEELarea. Dark grey, heavy,acidic
claysare predominate inthis smoothlow-lyingbasinland.Sevengeneralsoil typesoccurin the
region.Organicmatter,andstatus of otheressential nutrientsare medium, while level of available K
(potassium) ishigh.Fertilitystatusof soilsismoderate.
6.Lower Punarbhaba Floodplain (129 sq km) this small regionoccupiesbasinsandBEELSseparated
by lowfloodplainridges.Inthisarea, darkgrey,mottled red,verystronglyacid,heavyCLAYSoccupy
bothridge and basinsites.Organicmatterstatusismediumtohigh.General fertilitylevel ismedium
withhighK-bearingminerals.The westernpartof NAOGAON andthe northern partof NAWABGANJ
districtsare includedinthisAEZ.
7.Active Brahmaputra-Jamuna Floodplain(3,190 sqkm) thisregion comprisesthe beltof unstable
alluvial landalongthe Brahmaputra-Jamunarivers where landis constantlybeingformedand
erodedbyshiftingriverchannels.Ithasan irregularreliefof broadandnarrow ridgesand
depressions.The areaisoccupiedbysandyand siltyalluvium, rich inweatherable Kmineralsthatare
slightlyalkalineinreaction.Six general soil typesoccupythe area.Organicmatterstatus is low and
fertilitystatusislowtomedium.
8.Young Brahmaputra and Jamuna Floodplain (5,924 sq km) the regioncomprisesthe areaof
Brahmaputrasediments.Ithasa complex relief of broadandnarrow ridges,inter-ridge depressions,
partiallyinfilledcut-offchannels andbasin.Thisareaisoccupiedbypermeablesiltloamtosiltyclay
loamsoilsonthe ridges and impermeable claysinthe basins,neutral to slightlyacidinreaction.
General soil types includepredominantlygreyfloodplainsoils. Organicmattercontentislow in
ridgesand moderate inbasins.Soilsare deficientinN,P, andS but the statusof K and Znare
reasonable.
9.Old Brahmaputra Floodplain (7,230 sq km) this regionoccupies alarge area of Brahmaputra
sedimentsbefore the rivershiftedtoitspresent JAMUNA channel about200 yearsago.The region
has broadridgesand basins.Relief is irregular,especially nearthe oldandpresentriver channels.
Soilsof the area are predominantlysiltloamstosiltyclayloamsonthe ridgesand clayin the basins.
Organicmatter contentislowon the ridgesandmoderate inthe basins,topsoils moderately acidic
but subsoilsneutral in reaction.General fertilitylevel islow.
10.Active GangesFloodplain (3,334 sqkm) this regionoccupiesunstablealluviallandwithinand
adjoiningGANGESriver.Ithasirregularrelief of broadandnarrow ridgesand depressions
interrupted bycut-off channelsandactive channels.The areahascomplex mixturesof calcareous
sandy, siltyand clayeyalluvium.The general soiltypes,predominantlyinclude, calcareous,alluvium
and calcareousbrown floodplainsoils. Soilsare low inorganicmatterand mildlyalkaline inreaction.
General fertility levelismediumbutdeficientinN.
11.High GangesRiverFloodplain(13,205 sq km) thisregionincludesthe westernpartof the Ganges
riverfloodplainwhichispredominantly highlandandmediumhighland.Mostareashave a complex
relief of broadandnarrow ridgesand inter-ridge depressions.The upperpartsof highridgesstand
above normal floodlevel.Lower partsof ridgesandbasinmarginsare seasonally shallowlyflooded.

6. General soil types predominantlyinclude calcareousdarkgrey floodplainsoilsandcalcareousbrown
floodplainsoils.Organicmattercontentinthe brownridge soilsis low buthigherinthe dark grey
soils.Soilsare slightlyalkalineinreaction.Generalfertilitylevelislow.
12.Lower GangesRiverFloodplain (7,968 sq km) the regioncomprisesthe easternhalf of the
Gangesriverfloodplainwhichislow-lying.The areahasa typical meanderfloodplainlandscape of
broad ridgesandbasins.Soilsof thisregion are siltloamsand siltyclayloamsonthe ridges and silty
clay loamto heavyclaysonlowersites.General soiltypes predominantlyinclude calcareous dark
greyand calcareousbrown floodplainsoils.Organicmattercontentislow in ridgesand moderate in
the basins.General fertilitylevel ismedium.
13.Ganges Tidal Floodplain(17,066 sqkm) this regionoccupiesanextensiveareaof tidal floodplain
landin the southwestof the country. The greaterpart of thisregionhas smoothrelief havinglarge
areas of salinity.Riverbanks generallystand aboutametre or lessabove the level of adjoining
basins.Non-calcareousgrey floodplainsoil is the majorcomponentof general soil types.ACID
SULPHATE SOIL alsooccupiesa significantpartof the area,where itisextremely acidicduringthe
dry season.Mostof the topsoilsare acidicandsubsoilsare neutral to mildlyalkaline.Soilsof the
SUNDARBANSareaare alkaline.General fertilitylevel ishigh,withmediumtohighorganicmatter
content.
14.Gopalganj-KhulnaBeels(2,247 sqkm) the regionoccupiesextensivelow-lyingareasbetweenthe
Gangesriverfloodplainandthe Gangestidal floodplain.Soilsof the areaare grey,and dark grey,
acidic,heavyclaysoverlay PEATor muckat 25-100 cm. General soil typesinclude mainlypeatand
non-calcareousdark greyfloodplainsoils.Organicmattercontentis mediumtohigh.Fertility level is
medium.
15.Arial Beel (144 km) thisregionoccupiesalow-lyingbasinbetweenthe Gangesanddhaleshwari
riversinthe southof the formergreaterDHAKA district.Ithas much incommonwiththe lower Atrai
Basinand the Gopalganj-KhulnaBeels.The soilsof thisareaare dark grey,acidicheavy clays.Non-
calcareousdark greyfloodplainsoil isthe chief general soil type.Organicmattercontentgenerally
exceedstwopercentinthe top subsoil.Available moisture holdingcapacityis inherentlylow.
General fertilitylevelismediumto high.
16.Middle Meghna RiverFloodplain (1,555 sq km) thisregionoccupiesanabandonedchannel of the
Brahmaputrariveron the borderbetweenthe greaterDhakaandCOMILLA districts.The region
includesareasof oldBrahmaputrachars within the MEGHNA riveras well asadjoiningpartsof the
mainland.Soilsof the areaare grey loamon the ridgesand greyto dark greyclays inthe basins.The
dominantgeneral soil type isnon- calcareousgreyfloodplainsoil.Topsoilsare stronglyacidicand
subsoilsslightlyacidicto slightlyalkaline.General fertilitylevel ismedium withlow N andorganic
matter.
17.Lower MeghnaRiver Floodplain (909 sq km) this area occupiesthe transitional areabetweenthe
middle Meghnariverfloodplainandthe young Meghnaestuarine floodplain.Soilsof thisarea are
relativelyuniform,siltloamsoccupyrelatively higherareas andsiltyclayloamsoccupythe
depressions.Non-calcareousdarkgreyfloodplain andcalcareousgreyfloodplainsoils are major
componentsof general soil types.Topsoilsare moderatelyacidicandsubsoilsneutral in reaction.
General fertilitylevelismediumtohigh withlow tomediumorganicmatterstatusandK- bearing
minerals.
18.Young Meghna Estuarine Floodplain (9,269 sq km) thisregion occupiesyoungalluvial landin and
adjoiningthe Meghnaestuary.The majorsoilsare greyto olive,deepcalcareoussiltloam andsilty

7. clay loams,andare stratifiedeitherthroughoutorat shallow depth.Calcareous alluviumandnon
calcareousgreyfloodplainsoils are the dominantgeneral soil types.Topsoilsandsubsoilsof the area
are mildlyalkaline. General fertilityismediumbutlow inN and organicmatter.
19.Old Meghna Estuarine Floodplain (7,740 sq km) thisregionoccupies alarge area, mainlylow-
lyingland betweenthe southof the Surma-Kushiyarafloodplainandthe northernedge of the young
Meghna estuarine floodplain.Siltloam soilspredominateonhighlandsandsiltyclayto clayon
lowlands.Organicmattercontentof the soilsare moderate.Topsoilsare moderatelyacidic,but
subsoilsneutral inreaction.General fertilitylevel ismedium.
20.Eastern Surma-Kushiyara Floodplain(4,622 sq km) thisregion occupiesthe relativelyhigherparts
of the Surma-KushiyarafloodplainformedonSEDIMENTS of the riversdrainingintothe Meghna
catchmentarea fromthe hills.Thisaream isoccupiedby grey,heavysiltyclayloamson the ridges
and claysinthe basins.Organicmattercontentof the soil ismoderate.Soil reactionranges from
stronglyacidicto neutral.
21.Sylhet Basin (4,573 sq km) the regionoccupies the lower,westernside of the Surma-Kushiyara
floodplain.Reliefis locallyirregularnearrivers.Soilsof the areaare greysiltyclayloamsand clay
loamon the higherpartsthat dry out seasonallyandgreyclaysinthe wetbasins.The soilshave a
moderate contentof organicmatterand soil reactionis mainlyacidic.Fertilitylevel ismediumto
high.
22.Northern and WesternPiedmontPlains (4,038 sq km) thisisa discontinuousregionoccurringas
a narrow stripof landat the footof the northern and easternhills.The regioncomprisesmerging
alluvial fanswhichslopegentlyoutwardfromthe footof the northernand easternhillsinto smooth,
low-lyingbasins.Greypiedmontsoils andnon-calcareousgreyfloodplainsoilsare the majorgeneral
soil typesof the area.Soilsof the area are loamsto clays,slightlyacidictostronglyacidicinreaction.
General fertilitylevelislowtomedium.
23.Chittagong Coastal Plain (3,720 sq km) thisregionoccupiesthe plainlandingreater
CHITTAGONGdistrictand the easternpart of FENI district.Itisa compoundunitof piedmont, river,
tidal andestuarine floodplainlandscapes. The majorproblem inthese soilsishighsalinity duringthe
dry season(OctobertoMay).Grey silt loamsand siltyclayloamsoilsare predominant. Acidsulphate
floodplains.Generalfertilitylevelof the soilsis medium,butN and K are limiting.Organicmatter
contentislowto moderate.
24.St Martin'sIsland (8 sq km) thissmall but distinctive regionoccupiesthe whole of ST MARTIN'S
ISLANDinthe extreme southof the country.The areahas verygentlyundulatingold beachridges
and inter-ridgedepressions, surroundedbysandybeaches.The soilsare developed entirelyonold
and youngCORALbeach sands. Calcareousalluviumisthe only general soil type of the area.General
fertility level islowwithpoormoisture holdingcapacity.
25.Level Barind Tract (8 sq km) thisregionis developedoverMADHUPURCLAY . The landscape is
almostlevel.The predominantsoils have agrey,silty,puddledtopsoil with ploughpan.Shallow grey
terrace soil and deep greyterrace soilsare the majorcomponentsof general soil typesof the area.
The soilsare low inavailable moisture holdingcapacityand slightlyacidictoacidicinreaction.
Organicmatter statusisverylowand most of the available nutrientsare limiting.
26.High Barind Tract (16 sq km) itincludesthe southwesternpartof the BarindTract where the
underlyingMadhupurClayhadbeenupliftedand cutintoby deepvalleys.The soilsinclude puddled
siltloamto siltyclayloaminthe topsoilsandporous siltwithmottledplasticclayatvaryingdepth.

8. Deepgreyterrace soilsandgrey valleysoilsare majorcomponentsof the general soil typesof the
area.General fertilitystatusis low,havinglow statusof organicmatter.
27.North Eastern Barind Tract (1,079 sqkm) this regionoccupies several discontinuousareasonthe
north-easternmarginsof the Barind Tract.It has siltyor loamy topsoil andclayloamsto claysubsoil.
The soilsare stronglyacidicinreaction. Organicmatterinthe soilsislow.General fertilityispoor.
28.Madhupur Tract (4,244 sq km) thisisa regionof complex relief andsoils developedoverthe
Madhupur Clay.The landscape compriseslevelupland,closelyorbroadlydissectedTERRACES
associatedwitheithershallow orbroad,deep valleys.Eleven generalsoil typesexistinthe areaof
whichdeepredbrownterrace,shallow redbrownterrace soilsandACIDBASIN CLAYS are the major
ones.Soilsinthe valleysare dark greyheavyclays.Theyare stronglyacidicin reactionwithlow
statusof organicmatter,low moisture holdingcapacityandlow fertilitylevel.
29.Northern and Eastern Hills(18,171 sq km) this regionincludesthe country'shill areas.Reliefis
complex.Hillshave beendissectedtodifferent degreesoverdifferentrocks.Ingeneral,slopesare
verysteepandfewlowhillshave flat summits.BROWN HILLSOILS isthe predominantgeneral soil
type of the area.Organic mattercontentandgeneral fertilitylevel are low.
30.Akhaura Terrace (113 sqkm) this small region occupiesthe easternborderof BRAHMANBARIA
and the southwestcornerof HABIGANJdistrict. The mainsoilsinthe uplandshave strongbrown
clay.The valley soilsrange fromsiltyclayto clays.Deepredbrownterrace soils,grey piedmontsoils
and acidbasinclays are the majorcomponentsof the general soil typesof the area.The general
fertilityincludingorganicmatterstatus islow.The soilsare strongly acidicinreaction.
(Source:BibliographyFAO/UNDP,LandResources Appraisal of BangladeshforAgricultural
DevelopmentReport2:Agroecological Regions of Bangladesh,FAO/UNDP,1988; BangladeshBureau
of Statistics,1998 Yearbookof Agricultural Statistics,BBS,Dhaka,1999.)