2. A DESIGN MODEL
OF A WASTE
WATER TREAMENT
PLANT
IN A MINERAL
PROCESSING MILL
USING
PLANT DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM ( PDMS )
A DESIGN MODEL
OF A WASTE
WATER TREAMENT
PLANT
IN A MINERAL
PROCESSING MILL
USING
PLANT DESIGN
MANAGEMENT
SYSTEM ( PDMS )

3. SHEU A. BASHARU,SHEU A. BASHARU,
M. N. S. USAINIM. N. S. USAINI
ANDAND
M. ALIM. ALI

4. ABSTRACT

5. INTRODUCTION
Water (HWater (H22O) O)
is the most abundant compound, covering about
70% 70%
of the earth surface.

6. Therefore,
when water is
contaminated, it is said
to be polluted.

7. Water is essential
to life on our
planet; a
prerequisite of
sustainable
development
must be to ensure
uncontaminated
streams, rivers,
lakes and oceans.
(Nigerians Minerals and Mining Act, 2007);

8. Mining and Mineral Processing
activities constitute the major causes of water
Pollution through large amounts of water utilized in
the processing of ores in mills, which when
discharged pollute environmental water bodies.
Because of these problems and assertions raised
by NMMA, 2007; this then call for a research
on a design model of a Waste Water Treatment
Plant in a Mineral Processing mill using PDMS in
order to tackle the problem caused by water
pollution from Mining and Mineral Processing
Activities.
Therefore,

9. Aims and Objectives of the Research
 recovery and reuse of mineral processing mill
waste water;
 removing the pollutants from the waste water;
 recovery of some saleable products from mill
waste water;
 the treatment plant to supply fresh water to
the host community;
Specifically, the research will provide design
for:

10. Types of Water Pollution from Mining/Mineral
Processing Activities
 Acid Mine Drainage
 Heavy Metal Contamination & Leaching
 Processing Chemicals Pollution
 Erosion and Sedimentation

11. History of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment EngineeringHistory of Water Treatment Engineering

12. Development of Water Treatment Design
Projects
The period before construction commences
can generally be divided into the following
phases:
 Master planning
 Process train selection
 Preliminary design
 Final design

13. Multidiscipline Teams for Design of Mill
Waste Water Treatment Plant
• Process engineers
• Plant operations specialists
• Structural Engineers
• Piping Engineers
• Civil Engineers
• Instrumentation and control engineers
• Health and safety specialists
• Environmental scientists
For a water treatment plant in a mineral
processing mill, the following engineers are added
to the team;
• Mineral Processing Engineers
• Metallurgists

14. INTRODUCINGINTRODUCING
VANTAGE PDMSVANTAGE PDMS
• PDMS means Plant Design Management System. It is
therefore the accepted CAD software for all engineering
designs as it allows for all forms of configurations.
• The PDMS login form looks like this,
Project: WATER TEATMENT PLANT
Username: SYSTEM
PASSWORD: XXXXXX
MDB: SAMPLE
Module: DESIGN
Load from: Macro files

15. INTRODUCING
VANTAGE PDMS
(CONTD)
 The PDMS Startup Display, when PDMS has loaded the screen
looks like this,

16. THE DESIGN MODEL
OF THE PLANT
 For the purpose of this research work, two design models were
compared, as shown below;
DESIGN MODEL 1

17. THE DESIGN MODEL OF
THE PLANT (CONTD)

18. THE DESIGN MODEL OF
THE PLANT (CONTD)
DESIGN MODEL 2
THE DESIGN MODEL OF
THE PLANT (CONTD)
DESIGN MODEL 2

19. DESIGN MODEL OF THE
PLANT (CONTD)
Design model 2 involves the following steps:
from the millPollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and dischargeTreatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Pollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Pollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Pollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Pollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge
Pollution prevention at all sources from the mill
Minimization of potential impacts by mitigation measures
Recovery and beneficial use of water on mill complex
Treatment of mill water for beneficial use and discharge

20. DESIGN MODEL OF THE
PLANT (CONTD)
 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2 Treatment Plant technology involved in Design 2
Mine waste water treatment
plant technology
Mine waste water treatment plant
technology

21. DISCUSSION
The major processes involved in the treating of mill waste water
due to harmful contaminants in it, these processes are:
 Aeration and Air Stripping Process
 Mixing Coagulation and Flocculation
 Sedimentation Process
 Filtration Process (High Rate Granular Media)
 Oxidation and Disinfection
 Lime Softening
 Ionic Exchange Processes
 Membrane Processes
 Activated Carbon Processes
 Ultra – Violent Light Process
The design 1 carryout processes such as aeration, coagulation,
sedimentation, filtration, backwashing and disinfection due to
limitations in it design parameters.

22. DISCUSSION (Contd)
From the foregoing, we can
deduce that the costs involved in
constructing and operating a
waste water treatment plant
from mineral processing mill can
be broadly divided into two
categories:
(1) investment costs and
(2) operating expenses.
The investment costs include following
under – listed costs:
 Preliminary studies;
 Acquisition of site and building planning;
 Project costs such as design, EIA etc;
 Civil work, equipment & instrumentation costs,
Construction and installation;
 Commissioning (i.e. testing and accepting the
installation) and start-up costs.
Operating costs generally includes items
such as:
 Personnel;
 Maintenance costs;
 Operational costs: chemicals, utilities, lab
supplies, office supplies etc.;
 Aeration costs (electricity);
 Sludge disposal costs.

23. DISCUSSION (Contd)
DESIGN 1
 It is a model for a small scale
mill, where simple ore is
processed. Its configuration is
such that it allows for particle
size of contaminants in micro
meter. The design model is
therefore affected by physical
nature, chemical composition
and type of contaminants. It is
cost effective for a small scale
mill.
DESIGN 2
 It explains a model for a large
scale mill that can process all
sort of ores particularly
complex ore. Its configuration
is such that it allows for varying
sizes of contaminants. It is not
affected by the type of
contaminants, chemical
composition and physical
nature of the contaminants. It is
restricted to large scale mill that
can pay for its maintenance
cost and other miscellaneous
expenses.

24. CONCLUSION
 Plant Design Management System (PDMS) is the
only Computer – Aided – Design (CAD) Software that allows for any
type of configuration in the design of any process plant as it was
pointed out from above. It gives room for all designers working on a
project to work simultaneously without interfering with each other’s
work. The designers includes; structural engineers, civil engineers,
process engineers, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers and
piping engineers, hence it can adequately be applied in Mineral Process
Mill Waste Water Treatment Plant .
 This is not the same with other design software like CADWORX, the
entire work is designed by a designer because it not a management
system as a result such design is not perfected and does not allow for
varying configuration types as the PDMS does.

25. for