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Carrier Aggregation in LTE Advanced.pdf
1. LTE-Advanced:
Enhanced aggregation scheme in
contiguous intra-band carrier aggregation.
Agyeman Rockson
Department of Information and Communications Engineering
Yeungnam University.
4. Contributing factors
• Reduction in the price of mobile equipments
• Increase in the use of social media
• Increased online gaming
• Increased video streaming
K.G.Coffman and A.M.Odlyzko. Growth of the Internet. AT&T Labs - Research. 2001. PP 3 - 11
5. 4G is the fourth generation of wireless mobile
telecommunications technology, succeeding 3G systems
with the objective of providing high data rate.
Examples of 4G technologies
• Long Term Evolution (LTE),
• LTE–Advanced (LTE-A) and
• Mobile WiMAX.
6. Overview: LTE–Advance
• Support downlink peak data rates up to 1 Gb/s
• Supports Carrier Aggregation
• Higher order MIMO
• Enhanced Inter-Cell Interference Coordination
• 3GPP TR 36.913, Requirements for further advancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA),
v.8.0.1, March 2009.
• L. Miller. Carrier Aggregation Fundamentals for Dummies. John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2016.
7. Carrier Aggregation
3GPP Release 12 specifications
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• Up to 5 Carrier channels can be aggregated
• Each channel’s bandwidth can be up to 20MHz
• Therefore 20MHz X 5 CCs = 100MHz bandwidth
3GPP TR 36.913, Requirements for further advancements for Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA),
v.8.0.1, Mar. 2009.
9. Classes of carrier aggregation schemes
A. Z. Yonis, M. F. L. Abdullah and M. F. Ghanim, “Design and Implementation of Intra band Contiguous
Component Carriers on LTE-A”, International Journal of Computer Applications, vol. 41, no. 14, (2012)
, pp. 25-30.
11. A.Z.Yonis, M. F. L. Abdullah and M. F. Ghanim, "Design and Implementation of Intra band Contiguous Component
Carriers on LTE-A", International Journal of Computer Applications, Volume 41, No. 14, Mar. 2012, pp 28 - 29
LITERATURE REVIEW: Carrier Aggregation Performance
* Using 20MHz of bandwidth
per Carrier Channel
12. • 3GPP TS 36.101. “Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network. Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-
UTRA). User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (Release 10)”. V10.2.1. Mar. 2011. pp 21
• Anritsu. "Understanding LTE-Advanced Carrier Aggregation". Vol. 2, no.1, pp 26, Sep. 2013
13. 3GPP TS 36.101. “Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network. Evolved Universal Terrestrial
Radio Access (E-UTRA). User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (Release 10)”. V10.2.1.
Mar. 2011. pp 21
15. 3GPP TS 36.101. “Technical Specification Group Radio Access Network. Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access
(E-UTRA). User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (Release 10)”. V10.2.1. Mar. 2011. pp 18
Idea Proposal
16. • TS 36.101 User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception. 2012.
• Anritsu. "Understanding LTE-Advanced Carrier Aggregation". Vol. 2, no.1, pp 26, Sep. 2013
17. Idea Proposal
Carrier Aggregation configurations for intra-band contiguous CA
TS 36.101 User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception. 2012.
20. Algorithm Discussion
• Defined the number of component carriers and bandwidths
➢ 3 contiguous carriers
➢ Defined carrier bandwidths ( at most 10,15 and 20MHz)
• Component Carrier (CC) configuration
➢ Used 1X3 vector to define the number of Resource Block (RBs)
for each component carrier
➢ CC1 -> 50 RBs, CC2 -> 75RBs, CC3 -> 100RBs
21. Algorithm Discussion
• Defined the number of component carriers and bandwidths
➢ 3 contiguous carriers
➢ Defined carrier bandwidths ( at most 10,15 and 20MHz)
• Component Carrier (CC) configuration
➢ Used 1X3 vector to define the number of Resource Block (RBs)
for each component carrier
➢ CC1 -> 50 RBs, CC2 -> 75RBs, CC3 -> 100RBs
22. Algorithm Discussion
• Carrier aggregation parameter calculation
➢ Defined vector to contain the center frequencies of each carrier
➢ Defined the Lower CC to have center frequency of 0MHz
➢ Defined the spacing between each carrier (15 kHz)
➢ Calculated the lower and higher frequency edges
Zhang L, Liu F, Huang L, Wang WB (2010) Traffic load balance methods in the LTE-Advanced system with carrier
aggregation. International Conference on Communications, Circuits and Systems (ICCCAS) pp: 63-67.
23. Algorithm Discussion
• Oversampling Rate Calculation
➢ * Made an assumption for 90% bandwidth consumption
➢ Calculate sampling rates of the component carriers
➢ Calculate overall sampling rate for the aggregated signal based
on the individual sampling rates.
24. Algorithm Discussion
• Waveform generation and carrier aggregation
➢ Generated the waveform for each CC sampling it at the overall
sample rate
➢ Modulated using Frequency Modulation
➢ Aggregated to form the aggregated signal
• Carrier aggregation waveform spectrum plotting
31. Results based Conclusion
• The size of the Resource Blocks (RB) affects the
bandwidth of a carrier.
• The order of the aggregation based on the RB sizes
of each contribution carrier affects the overall
aggregated bandwidth.
• Thus, an ascending order of aggregation is the most
optimal.