overviewed on osteoporosis and osteoartharitis

1. Prepared by
Ms. Shanta Sudha

2. Definition
• Osteoporosis is one of the common metabolic bone disorder among
elderly that result in disorder manifested by changes in both physical
and chemical structure of the bone.
• This is less common in male because they tend to have a greater bone
mass than female.

4. Etiology Effect
Genetic Predispose to low bone mass
Age Hormones (estrogen, calcitonin and
testosterone) inhibit bone loss.
Nutrition Reduce nutrients needed bone
remodeling.
Physical exercises Bone needs stress for bone maintenance.
Life style choices Reduce osteogenesis in bone remodeling.
medications Affects calcium absorption and
metabolism.
Co-morbidity Affects calcium absorption and
metabolism.

5. Sign & symptoms
• Possibly asymptomatic
• Back pain after lifting, bending .
• Back pain increased with palpation.
• Pelvic or hip pain, especially with weight bearing.
• Pathological fracture.
• Problem with balance.
• Decline of height from vertebral compression.

6. Treatment
• Anti osteoporotic drugs: inhibit osteoclast function and decrease bone
loss.
• Hormonal therapy
• Calcitonin therapy

7. Nursing care
• Give dietary supplement of calcium and vitamin D
throughout life.
• Give High protein diet.
• Use of good body mechanics and do exercises to strengthen
abdominal and back muscles.
• Regular weight bearing exercises for 20-30 minutes.
• Avoid activities that causes of vertebral compression.
• Use local heat and back rubs intermittently.
• Encourage the use of firm mattress and for adequate fluid
intake.
• Protect from falling.

11. Risk factors
•Aging
•Joint injury.
•Being overweight
•Genetic susceptibility
•Anatomic deformity