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1. 10 Things You (Probably) Didn’t
Know About Einstein
1. He renounced his German citizenship when he was
16.
From an early age, Albert Einstein loathed nationalism of any kind
and considered it preferable to be a “citizen of the world.” When he
was 16, he renounced his German citizenship and was officially
state-less until he became a Swiss citizen in 1901.
2. He married the only female student in his physics
class.
Mileva Marić was the only female student in Einstein’s section at
Zürich Polytechnic. She was passionate about math and science, and

2. was an aspiring physicist in her own right, but she gave up those
ambitions when she married Einstein and became the mother of his
children.
3. He had a 1,427-page FBI file.
In 1933, the FBI began keeping a dossier on Albert Einstein, shortly
before his third trip to the U.S. This file would grow into 1,427 pages
of documents focused on Einstein’s lifelong association with pacifist
and socialist organizations. J. Edgar Hoover even recommended that
Einstein be kept out of America by the Alien Exclusion Act, but he was
overruled by the U.S. State Department.
4. He had an illegitimate baby.
Einstein’s future wife Mileva gave birth out of wedlock to a baby girl in
1902 while staying with her family in Serbia. The baby was named
Lieserl, and it’s believed by historians that she either died in infancy,
probably of scarlet fever, or was given up for adoption. In all
likelihood, Einstein never saw his daughter in person. Lieserl’s
existence wasn’t widely known until 1987, when a collection of
Einstein’s letters was made public.
5. He paid his first wife his Nobel Prize money for a
divorce.
Anticipating winning a Nobel Prize, Einstein offered all his expected
prize money to his first wife, Mileva Marić, so she would agree to grant
him a divorce. The award added up to $32,250, which was more than
ten times the annual salary of the average professor at the time.

3. 6. He married his first cousin.
Elsa, the second Mrs. Einstein, was the daughter of Albert’s mother’s
sister, making them first cousins. They were also second cousins, as
Elsa’s father and Albert’s father were cousins. Her maiden name was
Einstein.
7. He was a civil rights activist before the civil rights
movement.
Einstein was a strong supporter of civil rights and free speech. When
W.E.B. Du Bois was indicted in 1951 as an unregistered agent for a
foreign power, Einstein volunteered to testify as a character witness
on his behalf. After Du Bois’s lawyer informed the court that Einstein
would appear, the judge decided to dismiss the case.
8. His son was institutionalized for most of his adult life.
Albert’s second son, Eduard, whom they affectionately called “Tete,”
was diagnosed with schizophrenia and institutionalized for most of his
adult life. Eduard was fascinated with psychoanalysis and was a big
fan of Freud. Although they corresponded in letters, Albert never saw
his son again after he immigrated to the U.S. in 1933. Eduard died at
the age of 55 in a psychiatric clinic.
9. He had a rocky friendship with “the father of chemical
warfare.”
Fritz Haber was a German chemist who helped recruit Einstein to
Berlin and would become one of Einstein’s close friends. Haber was
Jewish but converted to Christianity, and preached the virtues of

4. assimilation to Einstein before the Nazis came to power. In WWI, he
developed a deadly chlorine gas, which was heavier than air and could
flow down into the trenches to painfully asphyxiate soldiers by
burning through their throats and lungs. Haber is sometimes referred
to as the “father of chemical warfare.”
10. He had an affair with an alleged Russian spy.
In 1935, Einstein’s stepdaughter Margot introduced him to Margarita
Konenkova, and they became lovers. In 1998, Sotheby’s auctioned
nine love letters written between 1945 and 1946 from Einstein to
Konenkova. According to a book written by a Russian spy master,
Konenkova was a Russian agent, though historians have not
confirmed this claim.
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