1. Seeing is Believing:
Encouraging Adoption of Rice Technologies through Frontline
Demonstrations in India
Dr. Shaik N.Meera
Federal Coordinator
Frontline Demonstrations on Rice – India
Presentation made at 4th International Rice Congress
Bangkok 2014

2. Demonstrate what?
Improvements Innovation

3. Cafeteria of options?

4. One FLD – many stakeholders

5. Aligning Technologies
… to suit to farmers needs

6. About FLDs on Rice
 Since 1990
 Planning and coordinated by DRR
 Implementation by AICRIP Centres
Macro-management scheme / National Food Security
Mission of Federal Government of India
FLDs on Rice

7. Objectives
 To demonstrate improved Crop Production Technologies of
Rice on the farmers’ fields;
 To popularize the newly notified and improved
varieties/technologies for varietal diversification and efficient
management of resources.
 To bring synergy among planners, researchers, farmers and
industry for parable interface through seminars/symposium on
emerging themes of importance in the field of rice production
for deciding strategies for development of these crops.

8. Financial Support
S. No. Component Support
per ha.
USD
1 Cost of critical inputs (seeds/
fertilizers/manures/PP chemicals/ herbicides)to
supplement the cultivation charges 112.50
2 Organization of Field Day 5.00
3 Display board and publicity material
(posters/pamphlets/leaflets etc.) 2.50
4 Visit of scientists excluding TA/DA, but
hiring of Taxi/POL etc 3.33
5 Contingencies/typing of results/ minutes etc 1.67
Total 125.00

9. Operational Flow Chart
SITE SELECTION
FLD FARMERS
CRITICAL INPUTS
TECHNOLOGY DIFFUSION
FLD
IN FARMERS’ FIELD
Funding Agency
Ministry of Agriculture
Govt. of India
DRR- ICAR
FLD COOPERATING
CENTRE
SCIENTIST/ SUBJECT
MATTER SPECIALIST
STATE DEPT. OF
AGRICULTURE
PLANNING POLICY
TECHNOLOGY REFINEMENT
Reporting
Inputsupplies
Coordination
CONSTRAINTS
FEEDBACK
FEEDBACK
FLDs on Rice

10. FLD Components
Identification of
field problems
Plan FLDs– Farmers
Participated –
Extension Facilitated
Regular
Visits
Well designed
field boards
Club field days with
field trips
HarvestQ & A and FGD
Scaling up
Documentation

11. FLDs on Rice: Reach
3000
700 622 700
300 600 600 485
7007
7500
1950 1555 1750
1000
1650 1663
1250
18318
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
14000
16000
18000
20000
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 2014-15 Total
Number of FLDs Number of Farmers benefitted

12. How many FLDs were conducted in each ecology
303
241
295.7
159.9
319 315
266
219 218.3
93.1
54
8054
128
35 42
169
75
35
0 10 0 10 0
27
9
12
0 0 0
15 25
0 5 0
15
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
350
2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Irrigated Upland Shallow Lowland
Coastal Midlands/ Saline Deep Water Hills & Others
Saline Flood prone

13. Mean Yield (t/ha)
Ecosystem 2007-
08
2008-
09
2009-
10
2010-
11
2011-
12
2012-
13
2013-
14
Irrigated 5.54 6.21 5.09 5.70 6.08 6.26 5.54
Upland 4.21 4.06 4.27 4.43 4.81 5.53 4.12
Shallow Lowland 4.46 5.04 4.69 4.52 4.79 4.85 4.48
Coastal Midlands/
Saline
5.03
5.05
4.5 5.12
Deep Water 4.13 4.01 7.03
Hills & Others 5.14 2.86 5.12 4.5
Saline 5.05
Flood prone 4.78

14. Mean Yield Advantage (t/ha)
Ecosystem 2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14
Irrigated 16.63 20.11 11.80 19.34 15.47 28.45 24.25
Upland 11.50 36.24 14.32 25.47 23.43 4.33 31.34
Shallow Lowland 30.07 28.57 21.90 39.10 24.44 31.11 33.16
Coastal
Midlands/ Saline
33.18 43.05 59.52 83.77
Deep Water 11.42 38.27 14.98 2120
Hills & Others 24.75 30.15 44.04 36.54
Saline 13.69
Flood prone 38.95

15. Problem addressed – Solutions provided
Problems addressed Percent
Yield advantage 79.7
Biotic stress 3.6
Abiotic stress 2.2
Nutrient Management 2.9
Weed Management 1.1
Organic farming 1.1
Resource Conservation 4.2
Labour saving technologies 4.2
Others 1.0
Total 100.0

16. Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
31 28 27 30 25 27 33
201
0
50
100
150
200
250
2007-08 2008-09 2009-10 2010-11 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14 Total
Number of Promising Technologies
Number of Promising Technologies

17. Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
Year Some of the promising technologies
2006-07 PA-6444, PA-6129, PA-6201, Pusa RH -10, PHB-71,
MTU 1001, MTU 1010, Jalashree, Gitesh, Jalkunwari,
Prafulla, Improved management of saline soils
2007-08 PHB-71, CO RH-3, Karjat-5, KRH-2, Thanu, Shalimar
Rice 1, Rajendra Mahsuri-1, Barani Deep, NDR 97,
Vasumathi, NDRH-2, HUR 3022, SRI, Birsa Dhan 1,
Birsamati, PA 6444, Shanti, Triguna, Krishnahamsa,
Indira Sugandhit, Danteshwari, Indira sona, Geetesh,
Use of plastic drum seeder, CO RH 3
2008-09 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Anjali, vandhana, Gitesh,
Jalashree, Rajendra Sweta, Shalimar Rice- 1, PA 6444,
Abhishek, Dhanrasi, KRH-4, Naveen + ICM, VL Dhan 85,
NDR 2026, Nutrient management, Weed management,
Organic farming, Plastic drum seeder

18. Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
Year Some of the promising technologies
2009-10 Krishna Hamsa, Lugnilaphou, Rajendra Kasturi, Indira Sona,
Sampada, Shalimar Rice -1, Pusa Sugandh-3, Anjali, Abhishek,
BR 2655, Thanu, CoRH-3, Co (R) 48, PHB 71, HUR 105,
Bidhan-1, NDR 8002, Direct wet seeding
2010-11 Improved Samba Mahsuri, CARI Dhan 5, Gayatri,
Akshaydhan, CSR 27, GAR-13, Pusa Sugandh 3, Anjali, DRRH-
2, PA 6444, BR 2655, MGD 101,PS5, RC Maniphou – 10, CO (
R ) 48, CO ( R ) 50, Narendra Usar Dhan 2008, PHB 71, HUR
105, VL Dhan 85, VL Dhan 65, Direct wet seeding using
plastic drum seeder, SRI, Line transplanting, Mechanical
Paddy transplanting
2011-12 Improved Samba Mahsuri, Indira Sona, Naveen, GR-12,
DRRH-3, Pusa Sughandh-3, Rajendra Mahsuri, PA 6444, CR
Dhan 40, Raksha, Akshayadhan, Danteswari, PS3, Karjat – 7,
RC maniphou-11, CORH3, HUBR 2-1, PHB 71,Vallabh
Basmati-22, VL Dhan 65, SRI, 8 row self propelled paddy
transplanter

19. Promising Technologies Identified – Scaled up
Year Some of the promising technologies
2012-13 MTU 1075, Rajalaxmi, Chakralahi, Gitesh, Indira Sona, Indira Barani
Dhan-1, GAR-1, SJR-5, Shalimar Rice-3 , Direct seeded Sahbhagidhan,
CR Dhan-40, SIRI 1253, KRH 4 + SRI, KRH 4+ ICM, KRH Seed
Production, Naveen, Karjat-7, RC Maniphou-11, HUR 105, HUR
46005, CO(R) 50, CORH 3, TRC 2005-1, Pratiksha, Problem Soil
Management, SRI , Machine Transplanting, IPM in Rice
2013-14 MTU 1064 (Amara), Krishna, Indira Sona, KRH-3, HPR 1068, Palam
Basmati 1, SJR-5, PHB 71, Sahbhagi dhan, CR Dhan 40, Abhisek, KRH
4, KRH 4 + drum seeding, KRH 4 + SRI, GGV-05-01, PS 5,
RCManiphou10, Ajaya, Rajlaxmi, Mandakini, CO (R) 50 , Rice CO 51,
TRC 2005-1 (Gomati Dhan), HUR-105 under INM, Shiats Dhan -1, VL
Dhan 87, VL Dhan 82 ,Swarna sub1, Sabour Surbhit under SRI,
Mechanical Transplanting, Mechanized paddy transplanters with
ICM, Problem soil management, Nitrogen Management through use
of leaf color chart

20. Linking Demonstrations to Market Size:
Hybrid Rice Seeds sold in tonnes
Source: Singh et al. 2010. “Quality Seed For Food Security through PPP: Focus on Hybrid Rice”. A presentation made at the
“National Seminar on- Quality Seed for Food Security through Public- Private Partnership”. 13-14 April 2010, IARI, New Delhi
700
900 900 9001000
1300
1600
2100
2500
3600
5500
7500
450
700
1200
1500
800
1300 1400
2000
250 350 400 500
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
7000
8000
2006 2007 2008 2009
Punjab Haryana Uttar Pradesh Chhattisgarh
Madhya Pradesh Orissa Bihar Jharkhand
Gujarat Maharashtra Andhra Pradesh Karnataka
West Bengal Assam
Meta analysis of FLDs:
Profitability
Sustainability
Continued adoption
Peer Extension

21. Yield Gap Analysis
50.78
17.71
-2.61
-10.68
0.16
31.00
23.9624.46
20.16
88.24
1.64
27.08 25
16.6
-20.00
0.00
20.00
40.00
60.00
80.00
100.00
Indira
Sona
DRRH-3 PA 6444 DRRH-3 PA 6444 PHB 71 DRRH-3
Chhattisgarh Gujarat Jharkhand Karnataka Uttar Pradesh
Yield Gap-I
Yield Gap-II
73.47
0.16
54.81
-6.33
20.83
0.77
13.88
66.21
30.24
14.49
28.5
32.87 32.7
-20.00
-10.00
0.00
10.00
20.00
30.00
40.00
50.00
60.00
70.00
80.00
Indira Sona PA-6444, KRH-2 KRH-2 CORH 3 PHB 71 NDRH-2
Chhattisgarh Jharkhand Karnataka Puducherry Uttar Pradesh
Yield Gap-I
Yield Gap-II
2011
2007
Implications from FLDs on Hybrid Rice

22. Focus of FLDs
2013-14
Abiotic Stress (Submergence)
MTU 1064
Improving field productivity
Solving local problems
Problem soil management
Multi variety green manuring
Labour scarcity
Machine transplanting
Drum seeding
Replacing local varieties in
tribal areas
Co ( R ) 50
Consumer preferences
RC Maniphou - 10
2013-14 What did we try to address

23. Andhra Pradesh
Glimpses
Mechanical Transplanting
MTU 1064
DSR

24. Chhattisgarh
Glimpses
Indira Sona

25. Jammu & Kashmir
Glimpses
PHB71
Bispyribac

26. Jharkhand
Glimpses
CR Dhan 40
Abhishek

27. Glimpses
Himachal Pradesh
HPR 1156
Palam Basmathi

28. Karnataka
Glimpses
KRH 4
Mugad siri Organic

29. Glimpses
Madhya Pradesh
PS 5

30. Manipur
Glimpses
RC Maniphou 10

31. Odisha
Glimpses
Ajaya
Rajlakshmi
Mandakini

32. Tamil Nadu
Dr. Robin, Department of Rice, TNAU, Coimbatore
CO R 50
CORH 4

33. Tripura
Glimpses
Gomati Dhan

34. Uttar Pradesh
Dr. RP Singh; Dr. VK Srivastava – BHU Varanasi
Dr G Suresh Babu – AAI Allahabad
HUBR 10-9
SHIATS Dhan-1
ISM

35. What did we learn ?
FLDs on Rice
For an effective delivery strategy
…..you need to answer 5 questions

36. Question 1
FLDs on Rice
Whether mere Yield Advantages will lead to large scale adoption?
 Addressing Profitability Issues
 Micro level productivity- Macro level production
 Institutional mechanism?

37. Question 2
FLDs on Rice
Single plot Demonstrations lead to Conviction?
 Cluster approach
 Village /block/district level
 Linking with private sector demonstrations
 How to rope in more stakeholders?
 Single hybrid demonstration to cafeteria of hybrids

38. Question 3
FLDs on Rice
Scaling up options are adequate?
 Follow up
 Informing stakeholders OR Involving stakeholders
 Pre-scaling up activities
 Impact Indicators
 Capacity building

39. Question 4
FLDs on Rice
Prescriptive or Participatory Demonstrations ?
 Resources – Test – Demonstrate- Adopt Model
 Irrigated Vs Rainfed
 Purpose of Rice Farming
 Method of crop establishment
 Ratio of farm wage – paddy price

40. Question 5
FLDs on Rice
How to make learning effective using ICTs?
 SMS Based Seed Stock Inventory System
 Capturing videos – process demonstration
Demonstrations Mobile Video Conference
Participatory Video Production
Advisory services Mobile Alerts
Community Radio
Mobile Rural Forum
Existing Extension system
Exposure visit
Virtual Tours
CD DVD Players

41. FLDs on Rice
So what next?
Transforming FLDs...

42. 1
• Management practices & result areas under the different crop management
areas are interdependent & interrelated. They have a combined impact on yield,
grain quality, & environmental outcome.
Holistic, integrated crop management
Seed & variety
selection
Land preparation
Crop
establishment
Nutrient
management
Pest
management
Water
management
Harvest
management
Transforming FLDs into
Ricecheck Program

43. India Rice Check program…Piloting AP

44. Acknowledgements
Ministry of Agriculture, Government of India
Dr. JS Sandhu
Dr. MC Diwakar
Dr. DP Mallik
Dr. V. Ravindra Babu, Director DRR
Dr. BC Viraktamath, Former Director DRR
ICAR institutes, SAUs, KVKs and Departments of Agriculture
FLD farmers
Dr. Noel Magor, Head, TC, IRRI
All those directly or indirectly connected with FLD program

45. FLD data is available online
www.fld.rkmp.co.in
Thank you