presentation on Tenses in English

2.  The Key to English Tenses: Adverbs of
Time
 English tenses are used with adverbs and
adverbial phrases that indicate the time of the
action, for example, "yesterday, now, often,
tomorrow, an hour ago, last week". Adverbs of
time and adverbial phrases of time are often
called "expressions of time; time expressions" in
English materials for language learners.

3. Certain adverbs of time and adverbial
phrases of time require certain tenses. For
example, if you say "yesterday" or "last
week", you will use the past tense, not the
future, right? The connection between the
tense and its adverbs and adverbial phrases
of time is very tight and can't be ignored.
In fact, understanding this connection is
the key to correct use of English tenses.
For example:

4.  I have just seen him.
 I saw him a minute ago.
 Maybe "I have just seen him" happened earlier
than "I saw him a minute ago", but the first is the
present perfect, and the second is the simple past,
because "just" and "a minute ago" dictate the
necessity to use these tenses.
 So, there is a clear connection between the tense
and its adverbs of time and adverbial phrases of
time. This connection will help us to understand
how English tenses are used. For example:

5. Usually: Simple present
now: Present continuous
already: Present perfect
for three hours already: Present perfect
continuous
yesterday: Simple past.

6.  Not all adverbs and adverbial phrases of time call
for certain tenses. For example, the adverb "soon".
You can say: He left soon. He will leave soon. The
adverb "soon" doesn't call for a specific tense and
doesn't help us to choose the right tense.
 Native speakers sometimes omit expressions
indicating time (if the context is clear) because the
tense form itself conveys general information about
the time of the action. For example, the sentences
in the following pairs have practically the same
meaning

7.  I buy bread in this store. (usually)
 I usually buy bread in this store.
 I am buying vegetables. (now)
 I am buying vegetables now.
 I have finished. (already)
 I have already finished.

9.  But language learners can't allow themselves such
familiarity with tenses. You need to establish a clear
connection between the tense and its adverbs of time.
Learn the adverbs and adverbial phrases of time given in
the materials on tenses in this section and use them as
often as you can with the tenses that they require.
 If there is no adverb of time in some sentence with a
difficult tense, find out what adverb of time is meant and
put it in. If there are two adverbs of time in the sentence,
ask yourself which of them calls for this tense. For
example, "often" can be used with all simple tenses but
calls for the simple present.

11.  I often go to the park.
 I often went to the park last year.
 I will probably go to the park often next year.
 In the second sentence, "last year" calls for the
simple past. In the third sentence, "next year" calls
for the future.
 Always analyze why this or that adverb of time is
used in the sentence and in what meaning, and what
adverb of time you should put in if it is not there.
This will help you to understand what English
tenses mean and how they work, and you will
quickly learn how to use them correctly and
confidently.

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15. Выполнила:
 Абролова Муборак
Гр: 2-3тр