1. Cinematography
Shots
Establishingshot/Extreme long shot-Firstthingwe see ina film/seriesbecauseittellsuswhere we
are.Usuallya landscape or outside afamousbuildingormonument,maybe tellsuswhatgenre and
whenwe are (time future orpast)
Wide shot-Where the camerazoomsoutshowingperhapspartsof the set or externals-to
emphasise size,scale the dramaticorepic.Againshowsuswhere we are and when.More detail
than a establishingshot
Crane Shots-stickacamera on the endof a crane starts of low and goeshighmaybe usedfora birds
eye viewof people
Aerial shot- Createsa birdeye view higherthanacrane shotlooksdownuponagainthingfroma
highheightlike youare a bird.Oftenusedatthe beginningof
filmsinorderto establishingsetting andmovement. Canconvey
real drama and exhilaration.Itcango anywhere.
Long shot- Is usuallyshownsoyoucan see the whole of the person.Done manyforthe main
character to showthe little detailsif it isof a personitwill be headtotoe if not it isdone to capture
a large area of view
2. Mediumshot- Filmedfromsomebody’smiddle upwardstobringattentiontothe upperhalf orgive
more informationaboutthatcharacter the legsdonot matter.Shouldcontainactionandflow well
withthe longshot
Close up- Usuallyof somebody’sface toshow the emotion orexpression of the personandthe small
details.If itnotof a personandof a thingit wouldbe to show somethingimport
Extreme close up- usuallytoshoweyestoagainshow emotion(sadnessoranger) andif it isof a
objectitwouldbe to showmanyveryimportanton itlike a label
Point ofview- Whenyou see thatthe character is seeing.Maybe showinghandstomaybe show the
tensionif itishostile,oritisusedto put usin theirshoessowe see that ishappeningtothem.
Subjective pointof view/Overthe shouldershot- Generallyusedwhenthe charactersare havinga
conversation thenthe personistalking,andwhenthe otherpersonistalkingitwouldswitchto
make it feel likeyouare there andpart of the discussion.
3. Two shot- Whentwopeople are ina shot usuallytoshow the relationshipbetweenthe twopeople
involved inthe shot.If theywere standingshoulderto
shouldermaybe theyare partnersorclose if there wasa gap
youwill thinkaboutwhathappened
Shot Reverse shot-Shotat one personswitchestothe other
personinthe conversationthenswitchesbacktothe first,Usuallydowninthe overthe shoulder
style.Usuallydownwhenthe charactersare havinga conversations
Angles and movement
High angles-Isthenthe camerais highandit islookingdownonsomebody.We doitto the make
personwe are looking downonnotpowerful atall andmake themfeel weak
Low angle- A lowangle iswhenthe camerais low and itis lookingupandsomebody.The reasonwe
do itis to make the viewersfeel vulnerable andthe characterpowerful andstrong
Pans- A movementwhichscansa scene horizontallyonatripod.Oftentofollow somethingmoving
whichiskeepinthe middle of the frame
Tilts- Is the same as the panbut goesup and owninsteadonhorizontally
Shot Types/ Movement
Dolly Shot-Cameraisplaced ona movingvehicle andisgenerallyfollowingamovingfigure orobject.
A complicateddollyshotinvolvesatrack.
4. Hand HeldShot- Whenyougoldthe camera givesa jerkingandraggedeffectaddsgrittyrealism.
Involvesthe viewerinthe scene.
Zoom reverse zoom- Whenthe camera gets closerto or movesawayfrom the actionin a veryquick
movement.Cameradoesnotneedtomove like the dollyonlylens,done fromasurveillance pointto
add tension
