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MGT 311 Final Exam
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1) In her work in the publishing industry, Vera seeks out new authors who she considers
promising. In the past two years she has found a number of new writers whose work she
thought was exceptional, and immersed herself in the task of helping them shape their
manuscripts for submission to her managers for publishing. Although she was extremely
proud of the results, none of the authors she worked with were chosen for publication. Vera
believes that the decision not to publish these authors was based on personal rivalries
within management, rather than the quality of her writers’ work. She is extremely
frustrated, dreads coming into work each morning, and is seriously thinking of resigning.
How can Vera’s job attitudes best be described?
A. job satisfaction and low job involvement
B. low job satisfaction and high job involvement
C. high job satisfaction and low job involvement
D. high job satisfaction and high job involvement
E. low organizational commitment
2) Julia works as a receptionist at a real-estate company. Her boss just came in the door and
yelled at her, telling her that the front office was a mess and that she needed to get up and
clean it immediately. After her boss left the room, Julia grabbed three magazines and
violently slammed them into the trash can. Which of the following best describes Julia's
action?
A. An affect
B. A thought
C. A mood
D. An emotion

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3) Erin works on a software help desk. After being yelled at by a customer about the state of
her company’s software, she becomes angry, and has to take a short break to calm down.
What makes her anger an emotion, rather than a mood?
A. It is a simple, unambiguous feeling.
B. It interferes with her capacity to work effectively.
C. It has a contextual stimulus.
D. It can be controlled given some time.
4) Any incompatibility between two or more attitudes or between6) behavior and attitudes
results in _____.
A. organizational dissonance
B. cognitive dissonance
C. attitudinal clarification
D. values clarification
E. affective reactance
5) The degree to which a person identifies with his or her job, actively participates in it, and
considers his or her performance as being important to self-worth is _____.
A. job satisfaction
B. job involvement
C. job stability
D. organizational commitment
E. social embeddedness
6) What term is used for those emotions that an organization requires workers to show and
considers appropriate for a given job?
A. Felt emotions
B. Required emotions
C. Conditional emotions
D. Displayed emotions

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7) Janet needs to assign a very important advertising account to one of her writers. First she
reviewed each writers work load, then she studied the sales data of the products for the last
three campaigns of each writer, then she reviewed each writer's annual review to
familiarize herself with their goals. Finally, she gave the account to Paula, a very creative,
efficient writer who has had high sales results with her last three clients' products. What is
Janet's management style is based on?
A. Organizational behavior studies
B. Substantive evidence approach
C. Preconceived notions
D. Systematic study
8) Basing managerial methods on the best available scientific evidence is called what?
A. Systematic study
B. Organizational behavior
C. Evidence-based management
D. Conceptual management
9) The manager at a construction site observes that he is spending a great deal of time interviewing
prospective employees. This is due to the large amount of absenteeism and turnover among his
skilled workers. On questioning exiting employees he discovers that many of them quit because
they feel the workplace is too dangerous. In particular, several foremen have stated that the need to
get the job done quickly is more important than a few rules, and have gone as far as to mock the
courage of workers who question this attitude.
What is the best way for the manager to control the deviant behavior of the foremen?
A. ordering the foremen to conform with the required safety standards
B. finding out why the foremen place a greater importance on finishing the job than in safety
C. firing the foremen and promoting new foremen from the current pool of workers
D. taking over the work of the foremen himself
E. instituting training classes for the foremen on the importance of safety
9) Phil loves sales. He has been a stellar sales person since he was 12. Recently he was
awarded a full paid trip for two to Puerto Rico for breaking a company sales record. Phil is
so motivated to work, he has set a new goal to break his old record in the coming year.
Taking into account self-determination theory, why did the company recognition and
award, an extrinsic reward, motivate Phil?
A. The reward was seen as a coercive method of increasing sales and motivated Phil to
prove himself intrinsically.
B. The reward was imposed to work toward a standard that Phil could not believe in, and
his intrinsic motivation suffered.

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C. The reward increased Phil’s sense of competence by providing feedback that improved
his intrinsic motivation.
D. The reward increased Phil's sense of competence by providing feedback that diminished
his intrinsic motivation.
11) Tony loves programming. He was on the ground level of the computer revolution. This
year his boss has set personal goals for each of the programmers, one of which includes a
presentation from each programmer about a project. Tony is very annoyed because he has a
tremendous amount of work to do and he will have to spend the weekend, his personal
time, preparing the presentation. Taking into account self-determination theory, why did
his manager’s goals and the presentation reduce Tony's motivation?
A. The internally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer.
B. The self-imposed goal increases his sense of competence, causing the intrinsic motivation
to suffer.
C. The externally imposed goal is an external reward, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to
increase.
D. The externally imposed goal feels coercive, causing Tony's intrinsic motivation to suffer.
12) Glendon has a degree in business and worked for 2 years at an international firm in Spain.
When the firm suffered cutbacks and Glendon returned home, he took a job at a nonprofit agency
mentoring at-risk Spanish-speaking children. Glendon earns a third of what he earned in the
business world, but has decided that his new goal is to acquire a larger case load and continue to
use his Spanish to help people. Which theory explains why Glendon is happy with a much smaller
external reward for his work?
A. Self-imposition of goals
B. nAch
C. Self-concordance
D. Extrinsic motivation
13) Today Marci's boss entered her cubicle and told her that her work has been fantastic, and that
because of her last project the client is going to give the company all of their business. Marci's boss
continued to talk about what a great job she's doing. When her boss left, Marci felt very confident
and satisfied with herself and her job. Marci's boss uses communication in which of the following
functions?
A. Motivation
B. Control
C. Emotional expression
D. Information
14) What can managers do to make sure that important information is not withheld from them
through silence?
A. Listen to and support diverse opinions.

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B. Deal with information overload.
C. Interpret what they see and call it reality.
D. Tell employees what they want to hear.
15) When Neal Patterson, CEO of Lerner Corporation, sent his seething e-mail to 400 managers, he
erred by selecting the wrong_____.
A. channel for his message
B. message
C. distribution
D. emotional charge
E. none of the above
16) Araceli is a team member in a large corporation. She never speaks in the team meetings because
she has seen members talk behind each others' backs outside of the meetings. Members are
constantly monitoring the other member's work, looking for a mistake to point out in a meeting.
According to the information provided, which contextual factor is most likely hindering the success
of Araceli's team?
A. Adequate resources
B. Climate of trust
C. Team structure
D. Performance evaluations
17) Ayesha is leading a group to develop a prototype for a new product. She has chosen three
people to work with her. Ben and Tom are good friends and socialize on the weekend. They are
both very creative. Julian is older than Ben and Tom, but they have worked together before and
been quite productive. Julian is organized. Ayesha has never worked with any of the men, but
knows the product well. She brings the highest level of expertise. Which of the following statements
best describes Ayesha's group? A. High norms, low cohesiveness, high productivity
B. Low norms, low cohesiveness, low productivity
C. High norms, high cohesiveness, high productivity
D. Low norms, high cohesiveness, low productivity
18) Irma does not like a few of the standard operating procedures adapted for the new project.
However, she discussed the items with the team and told them that she realized she was in the
minority and that she would adapt the new procedures to maintain smooth operations within the
team. What is this type of intention called?
A. Sacrificing
B. Accommodating

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C. Collaborating
D. Compromising
19) Angelina feels that her cubicle neighbor talks too loudly on the phone, but in other ways she is a
great neighbor. Angelina gets annoyed every time her neighbor's phone rings, but she has decided it
is simply not worth the trouble to talk to her neighbor. What is Angelina's conflict intention called?
A. Avoiding
B. Accommodating
C. Compromising.
D. Collaborating
20) For process conflict to be productive, it must be _____.
A. kept high
B. kept low
C. kept at low-to-moderate levels
D. kept at moderate levels
E. subject to managerial control
21) The right inherent in a managerial position to give orders and expect orders to be obeyed is
termed_____.
A. chain of command
B. authority
C. power
D. unity of command
E. leadership
22) _____ are consistent with recent efforts by companies to reduce costs, cut overhead, speed up
decision making, increase flexibility, get closer to customers, and empower employees.
a. Wider spans of control
b. Narrower spans of control
c. Flatter organizations
d. Formalization
23) What is the process through which employees are adapted to an organization's culture?
A. personalization
B. mentoring
C. socialization
D. institutionalization
E. intimidation

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24) If there is a basic conflict between the individual’s expectations and the reality of working in an
organization, the employee is most likely to be disillusioned and quit during which stage of
socialization?
A. prearrival
B. ritual
C. encunter
D. metamorphosis
E. reflection
25) When your superior offers you a raise if you will perform additional work beyond the
requirements of your job, he/she is exercising _____ power.
A. legitimate
B. coercive
C. reward
D. personal
E. reflective
26) Political behaviors usually _____.
A. lie outside of an individual’s specified job requirements
B. are counterproductive to individual goals
C. are seen only in large organizations
D. are frowned upon by organizational leaders
E. are expect as part of each job requirement
27) Regardless of the composition of a group, managers can leverage diversity to achieve
superior performance by which of the following approaches?
A. Emphasize the higher-level similarities among members.
B. Ensure that everyone knows the importance of diversity in groups.
C. Explain the legal and ethical implications involved of not having a diverse group.
D. Focus on the benefits of having a diverse group.
28) Effective workforce programs that encourage diversity have three distinct components. First,
they inform managers about the legal framework for equal employment opportunities and
encourage fair treatment. Second, they teach managers how a diverse workforce will be better able
to serve a diverse market of customers and clients. Third, they
A. ensure top-level management represents the diversity of its workforce and client base
B. ensure that certain groups have not been underutilized
C. generally involve one-shot training sessions that don’t take up an undue amount of time
D. foster personal development practices that bring out the skills and abilities of all workers

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29) If individuals resisting change are included in making change decisions in an attempt to gain
their support, this approach is called _____.
A. cooptation
B. exploitation
C. manipulation
D. coercion
E. education
30) Which tactic to overcome resistance to change is a relatively easy way to gain the support of
adversaries, but may backfire if the targets become aware of the tactic?
A. negotiation
B. conciliation
C. manipulation
D. coercion
E. cooperation
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