bASIC OF qUADCOPTER

1. Control and Fabrication of
Material for Unmanned Aerial
Vehicle
By
Sanjay Kumar
Research Scholar (Full-time)
Regn. No. 2K18/NITK/Ph.D.-6180079(EED)
Department of Electrical Engineering
National Institute of Technology, Kurukshetra
Under the Supervision of
Dr. Lillie Dewan
Professor EED

2. Outline of Presentation
• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Observation and gaps
• Work Done
• Research Proposal
• Journal/conference
• Future Plan
• Reference

3. • Quad copter is an aerial vehicle which is
operated to fly independently.
• It is a type of a small representation of
Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).
• There are a wide variety of quadcopter
shapes, sizes, configurations, and
characteristics.
• The quad-copter is one of the most
complex flying machines due to its
versatility to perform many types of
tasks. Classical quad-copters are usually
equipped with a four rotors. Quad-
copters are symmetrical vehicles with
four equally sized rotors at the end of
four equal length rods.
Introduction
UAV Quadcopter
• Unmanned Aerial Vehicle is an
aircraft without an human pilot
aboard , thus getting name ‘Un-
man-ned’ aerial vehicle.
• It’s flight may be operate with
various degree of autonomy
either controlled by a computer
or by a pilot from a remote base
station.
• Compared to manned aircraft ,
UAV were originally used for
missions too dull, dirty or
dangerous for human. While
they originated mostly in
military operation, their use is
rapidly expanding to
commercial , scientific,
agricultural etc.

4. Quadcopter
• Quad copter is an aerial vehicle which is operated to fly independently.
• It is a type of a small representation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle(UAV).
• A Quadcopter, also called a Quadrotor helicopter, is a Multicopter that is lifted and
propelled by four rotors.
• Control of vehicle motion is achieved by altering the rotation rate of one or more
rotor discs, thereby changing its torque load and thrust/lift characteristics.
• Quadcopter has four motor’s whose speed of rotation and the direction of rotation
changes according to the user’s desire to move the device in particular direction
(i.e; Take off Motion, Landing motion, Forward motion, Backward motion, Left-Right
motion)

5. Type of UAV
1. Single rotor
2. Multi rotor
3. Fixed wing
4. Hybrid
1. 2.
3. 4
Type of UAV Description Advantages Disadvantages
Single-Rotor
• They can vertically take-off and land and
do not need airflow over the blades to
move forward, but the blades themselves
generate the required airflow.
• long endurance flights in
large areas outdoors flight.
• Hover flight
• Heavy Payload
• Long Endurance &
coverage
 mechanical
complexity ,
bulky and costly
Multi-Rotor
 Quadrotor, Hexarotor. Tri-copters or
Octacopters are example of Multi rotor.
 It has been vertically take-off and land
and do not need airflow over the blades
to move forward, but the blades
themselves generate the required
airflow.
• Hover flight
• Maneuverability
• Indoors/outdoors
• Small and cluttered areas
• Simple design
 Short flight time

6. Type of UAV Description Advantages Disadvantages
Fixed-Wing
• Principle- it consist of a rigid wing with specific
air foil that can fly based on the lift generated by
the forward airspeed (produced by a propeller).
• The navigation control is succeeded through
specific control surfaces in the wings known as
(pitch), (roll) and (yaw).
• Their aerodynamics assist in longer flight ranges
as well as high speed motion.
• Long endurance
• Large coverage
• Fast flight speed
• Heavy Payload
 Launch-Landing
specific space
 No hover flight
Hybrid
• Hybrid vehicles have the ability to hover and
vertically take off and land.
• This type is till under development.
• Long endurance
• Large coverage
•Under
development
 Transistion
between
hovering and
forward flight
Methodology
• For designing of a UAV many basic points are
considered before actual work to be start.
• Basic properties which are taken into account
are thrust , drag , lift , weight.
• Softwares such as ADS , Open VSP , CSAIL are
specifically used to UAV designning. These
softwares are used for designning and analysing
them.

7. Working Principle
• Quadcopter is a device with a intense mixture of Electronics, Mechanical
and mainly on the principle of Aviation.
• The Quadcopter has 4 motors whose speed of rotation and the direction
of rotation changes according to the users desire to move the device in a
particular direction ( i.e Takeoff motion, Landing motion, Forward
motion, Backward motion, Left motion, Right Motion. )
Take off Motion
Landing Motion
Working Principle – Motor Rotation

8. Forward Motion
Backward Motion
Working Principle – Motor Rotation
Right Motion
Left Motion