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- 1. LIVING LAB NYC: ADVANCING LIGHTING CONTROLS IN ICONIC OFFICE TOWERS MAY 6, 2015 12:15PM Living Labs NYC: Advanced Lighting Controls in Iconic Office Towers 6 May 2015 | LightFair 2015 Yetsuh Frank Managing Director, Building Energy Exchange Tim Guarnieri Regional Director, Bank of America Cindy Quan Senior Vice President, Goldman Sachs Steve Selkowitz Senior Advisor, Lawrence Berkeley Lab Learning Objectives • Understanding the opportunities and challenges of implementing retrofits of advanced lighting and shading systems and controls in occupied office spaces. • The different types and appropriate applications of advanced lighting and shading systems, including high efficiency lighting, shades, controls, extended daylight penetration, tuning, occupancy. • How metered and measured demonstration projects can advance wider implementation of advanced controls, including evaluation of energy use, occupant satisfaction, maintenance, and other factors. • The tools and techniques to advance the market transfer and widespread adoption of versatile and energy efficient advanced lighting, daylighting, and shading retrofit systems and controls.be-exchange.org Session Agenda • Context • NYC Opportunities • National Perspective • Living Lab • Goals and Process • Innovators • Next Steps • Innovation/Integration • Questions be-exchange.org Context New York City be-exchange.org CONTEXT Interior Lighting: largest electric end use Per Con Ed 2010 Energy Efficiency Potential Studybe-exchange.org Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 2. New York City: New Laws will Drive Massive Retrofit Activity Unique opportunity of enormous magnitude • Local Law 88 - 2009 requires lighting upgrades in all large commercial buildings • Affects 1.25 billion sf • New tech prices dropping rapidly • Local Law 84 – Benchmarking law effects 2.5 bsf • New Codes are becoming more stringent be-exchange.org CONTEXT ADVISORY GROUP Mark Ambrosone, Vornado Candace Damon, HR&A Elizabeth Donoff, Architectural Lighting Magazine Jonathan Flaherty, Tishman Speyer Chris Garvin, Cook + Fox Russell Leslie, Lighting Research Center Hayden McKay, HLB Lighting Design Chris Meek, Integrated Design Lab Michael Mehl, JB&B Jean Savitsky, JLL Stephen Selkowitz, Lawrence Berkeley National Labs Byron Stigge, Level Infrastructure Marsha Walton, NYSERDA BEEx Daylight Potential Report CO-AUTHORS Adam Hinge Yetsuh Frank Richard Yancey STEERING COMM Ashok Gupta, NRDC Laurie Kerr, NYC Mayor’s Office of Long Term Planning & Sustainability REPORT SPONSOR Natural Resources Defense Council be-exchange.org The scale of NYC’s office market is unique LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT Office space in major US CBD’sbe-exchange.org Lighting: big contributor to Peak Demand LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT Electric Lighting Demand & Building Peak Demandbe-exchange.org Significant Savings Potential TECHNICAL POTENTIAL LET THERE BE DAYLIGHT Potential Savings of NYC Office Space with Daylighting Controls • 160 MW Electric Demand = 16 Empire State Buildings • 340 GWh electricity savings = More than all private office space in Albany Central Business District • $70 million annual cost saving be-exchange.org Persistent Challenges • Doing it right is not easy… • … and can be expensive • Many existing projects are not working as intended • Occupants and building operators often don t understand systems CHALLENGES be-exchange.org BUT these can be overcome Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 3. Must be cost effective Combine key features in a “systems package” be-exchange,org THE PATH FORWARD Lighting • Granular control • Addressable control • Dimmable light levels • Easy installation • Maintainable Shading • Responsive • “Optics” • Install/maintain/calibrate BEEx Game Plan Three Phases 2013-14: Select Demo Projects 2015-16: Strategic Incentives 2017-18: Broader Deployment THE PATH FORWARD GLNY GAME PLAN be-exchange.org Case Study: Related Offices Lighting Retrofit • Less then 10 years old • State of the art when built • Peak Demand reduced from 70 kW to 30 kW • 55% reduction in lighting energy • 3.3 year payback after utility rebate OVERCOMING CHALLENGES TIME WARNER CENTER be-exchange.org OVERCOMING CHALLENGES TIME WARNER CENTER be-exchange.org 55% reduction in lighting energy (c)2013 Related! Context National Perspective be-exchange.org CONTEXT Single component or isolated system measures Current Design Paradigm Integrated Building Systems Approach Multi-system integrated Energy Efficiency Measures National Trends: Moving from “Widgets” to “Integrated Systems Design”: Promise: Bigger Savings at Lower Cost Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 4. Good Lighting Controls Worked in 1990 (Daylight Dimming) – Why Not Today? G GGGG G G GG G G GGGGGG GGGGG G G GGG G G GGGGG G G G GG GGGG G G G GG G GGG G G G G G GGG G GGGG GGG GG GGGGG G G G GGG GGGGGGGGG GGGGGGGGGG GG GG G G G G GG GGG GGGG GG G G G GGGGGGG G GG G GGGGGGG GGGGGG G GG GGGG GGGGGGGGGGG G GGGGGGG G G G G GGG G G G GGG G G G GGG G G G GG G G G G GGG GG G G GGG G GG G G GG G G GG G G G G G GG GG G G GG GG G G G G G G G GG GG G GG GGG G G G G G J JJ JJ JJJJ J JJJJJ J JJJJJJJJJJJJ JJJJJ J J J J JJ J JJJ J J JJJ JJJJ J JJ J JJJJ J J JJJJ JJJ J JJJJJ J J J JJJJJJJJJJ JJ J J JJJJJJ JJ J J J J J J J J JJJJ J JJJJJJ J J JJJ J JJJJ J JJ J JJJJJJ J JJ JJJJ JJJ JJJJ JJJJJJ JJ J JJJ JJ JJ J JJJJ J J JJJJJJ JJJ J JJ J JJJ J JJJ J JJJJJJJJ J JJJJ J JJJ JJJJJJ J JJ J J J J J J J J JJJJJJJJJJJ J JJJJJJJJJJ J JJJJ H HHHHHHHHH H HHH H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHH H H HHHHHHHH H HHHHHH H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH H HHHHHHHHH H HHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHHH HH H HHH HHHHHHH HH H HH H H H HHHHH HHHH HHHHH H HHHH H H H H HH 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 G South Daylit J North Daylit H Reference Day of Year 1990 kWh/12 hr/zone Daily Energy Use (6 A.M to 6 P.M.) Data from advanced lighting controls demonstration in Emeryville, CA (1990) !!! Energy Use before retrofit: After retrofit: South zone: North zone: 40-60% Savings 40-80% Savings But Dimming is only 3% of lighting sales! LBNL Advanced Façade Testbed Facility 2007$2015! Automated/ Shading;/ / Daylight/ Redirec<ng;/ / Integrated/PV/ and/storage/ 2003$2006! Electrochromic/ windows/ • Berkeley,/South/facing/ 3/Rooms/ • Changeable/façade/ • Ligh<ng,/HVAC/ • Heavily/instrumented/ • Sta<c/Dynamic/ • Occupant/Studies/ • Controls/Automa<on/ 0 0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 1 auto-split-mir-VB1 ref-VB split-opt-VB diff-VB auto-VB split-VB auto-RS ref-RS full power Percent of day window > 2000 cd/sqm LPD (W/sf) Automated/systems/deliver/excellent/energy/savings/and/comfort! Manual vs Auto Shading Impact on “Annual Lighting Use”, Visual Comfort 0.57 W/sf 0.34 W/sf 0.31 W/sf 10% of day = 1.2 hours • Automated Shading • Dimmable lighting • Addressable, Granular • Tunable Getting Integrated Systems Solution That Works at Scale NY Times: Intelligent Lighting, Shade Control, UFAD (Design: 2003; Field Energy Measurement 2013) New York Times office with dimmable lights and automated shadingOccupied 2007 NY Times Testbed: Optimize: Physical & Virtual 2 1817 Simulated Views from 3 of 22 view positions Phase 1: Physical Testbed, 18 month field study • Evaluate Shading, daylighting, employee feedback and constructability in a +5000 sf testbed • Fully instrumented; 1 year testing Phase 2: Virtual Model, extend measured data • Extend Test Data: more Orientations and Floor Levels • Shade Control Algorithms for Motorized Shades Developed using Simulation • Built a virtual model of the building in its urban context using hourly weather data to simulate performance 2 17 18 A B N ! Lights!On!5am!–!10!PM!+! Night!Cleaning!Crew! Off! Off! Time/ Power/ New York Times Building Energy Monitoring and Post Occupancy Evaluation Lighting Control Systems: On/off: Scheduling! ! Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 5. New York Times Building Energy Monitoring and Post Occupancy Evaluation Lighting Control Systems: On/off: Scheduling, Occupancy Dimming: Setpoint Tuning, Daylight, Demand Response ! ! The “Headlines” from The New York Times Building 2003: Building designed to save energy, satisfy occupants • Shading systems and lighting control systems were rigorously developed and evaluated in a full scale test bed • Owners engaged key systems suppliers via performance specs 2013: Systems (dimming, shading, UFAD) worked well • Compared to a similar Code-compliant building: • 56% lighting energy savings • 24% total energy savings • 21-25% reduction in summer peak demand • Economic Paybacks appear very reasonable • Overall Occupant Satisfaction is high • All-glass building!! But with “Integrated Building Systems” Annual Lighting Energy Use Intensity GSA Green Proving Ground (GPG) Projects: Install, Test, Evaluate Promising Efficiency Measures in GSA Buildings 0 2 4 6 8 Energy Use Intensity (kWh/sf-yr) Building Site 13 Sites with Fluorescent Controls 3 Sites with LED Controls Pre-retrofit Post-retrofit LED Controls Rubinstein!et!al!2014,!2015! Lighting Performance: 3 metrics GSA Green Proving Ground Projects Rubinstein!et!al!2014,!2015! 3.0 1.6 0 1 2 3 4 5 Pre-retrofit Post-retrofit Energy Use Intensity (kWh/sf- yr) 43% decrease • Lighting Energy Use Intensity • kWh/sf-yr 36 39 0 10 20 30 40 50 Pre-retrofit Post-retrofit Light Levels (lumens/ sf) • Light Levels, fc • Power density: .96 1.06 • W/sf Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory GPG Lighting Project: Sample Data LED + Tuning + Schedule + Occupancy + Daylight The Living Lab Demonstration Project be-exchange.org Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 6. BEEx- LBNL Living Lab Project Funding: • US Department of Energy • NYSERDA • Scherman Foundation • Significant Host Site Cost Share LIVING LABS be-exchange.org BEEx- LBNL Living Lab Project Advanced Lighting Living Labs: • Multiple solution sets on occupied lab floor • Use State of the Shelf technology • Test with M&V and Occupant Surveys • Deploy proven solutions widely • Tech Transfer: Virtual Case Studies; training; programs • Advocate tailored incentives LIVING LABS be-exchange.org BEEx- LBNL Living Lab Project Technology Selection Process • LBNL Tech Research • Technology RFI based on broad Performance Specification • Short proposal evaluation • Full proposal evaluation • Negotiate hard, soft and install costs • Install/Commission LIVING LABS be-exchange.org BEEx - LBNL Living Lab Project Technology Selection RFI Performance Specs • Task surface: 30 fc • LPD tiers: 75%, 50% reduction (per ASHRAE 90.1-2010) • Lighting energy use tiers 2.0, 1.5, 1.0 kWh/SF/Year • Daylight, Occupancy, Tuning, Sched’g • Addressable: from zone to each fixture • GUI, Support, Cx LIVING LABS be-exchange.org BEEx - LBNL Living Lab Project Technology Selection Evaluation Criteria • Relevance to project objectives • Maturity • Technical merit • Risk • Experience • Costs/Benefits • Market impact potential LIVING LABS be-exchange.org BENEFITS be-exchange.org Typical Building Payback LIVING LAB Controls + Fixtures +Shading Calculated payback (years) 4 5 12 Ten year rate of return 41.4% 13.9% 2.6% Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 7. BENEFITS Projected Savings Breakdown LIVING LAB Tuning, 50% Occupancy Sensors, 30% Daylighting, 20% Savings from Controls Savings from fixtures , 30% Savings from controls, 44% Post- retrofit energy use, 26% 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% 1 Potential Energy Savings Breakdown The Living Lab Demonstration Project Innovators be-exchange.org INNOVATORS be-exchange.org THE PATH FORWARD One Bryant Park Bank of America One Bryant Park, Opened in 2009 1st LEED Platinum Skyscraper Scale: • 2.35-million-square-feet • 51 stories Uses: • Stephen Sondheim Theatre • Trading Floor • Office Space INNOVATORS be-exchange.org THE PATH FORWARD One Bryant Park Bank of America Environmental features include: • 4.6 MW Co-Generation Plant • Rainwater Harvesting • Gray-water filtering • Thermal Ice storage INNOVATORS be-exchange.org THE PATH FORWARD One Bryant Park Bank of America Why be part of the Living Lab? • To reinforce Environmental Commitment in Flagship Property • To demo state-of-shelf technology • To explore whole tower retrofit options • To potentially replicate into larger portfolio Living Labs greenlightny.org THE PATH FORWARD One Bryant Park Bank of America Proposed Technologies AREA B1 Controls: Lutron (DALI) AREA B2 No changes planned AREA B3 Controls: Encelium Wireless (0-10V) BOA TECHNOLOGIES be-exchange.org LIVING LABS AREA B1 AREA B3 AREAB2 Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 8. INNOVATORS be-exchange.org LIVING LAB Goldman Sachs & Co. 200 West Street, Completed 2009 LEED Gold Building Scale: • 2.1-million-square-feet • 43 stories Uses: • Trading Floors • Office Space • Auditorium 200 West Street INNOVATORS be-exchange.org LIVING LAB Goldman Sachs & Co. Environmental features include: • Automated shading and perimeter daylight dimming • Under floor air distribution systems • Ice storage • Cooling tower optimization 200 West Street INNOVATORS be-exchange.org LIVING LAB Goldman Sachs & Co. Why be part of the Living Lab? • To demo state of the shelf technology • To explore innovative fixture options • To improve lighting/shading integration • To get guidance for new projects 200 West Street THE PATH FORWARD One Bryant Park Goldman Sachs Proposed Technologies (not yet confirmed) GS - TECHNOLOGIESLIVING LABS AREA G1 Controls: Encelium (0-10v, wired) Shades: MechoSystems (automated, existing) Fixtures: Neoray S23 AREA G2 Controls: Crestron (DALI, wired) Shades: Lutron (automated) Fixtures: Fluxwerx ‘Profile’ AREA G3 Controls: Lutron (wired, DALI) Shades: Lutron (automated) Fixtures: Selux M36 / Peerless AREA G4 Controls: Enlighted (wireless) Shades: MechoSystems (automated, existing) Fixtures: Philips ‘MicroSquare’ INTERIOR OFFICE FIXTURES Philips Focal Point G3 G1 G2 G4 BENEFITS be-exchange.org One Bryant Park Projected Savings LIVING LAB Before After 1.071.07 1.73 53%3.68 16.8 6.72 Lighing Peak Demand (kw) Lighting Power Density (w/sf) (connected) Energy Use Intensity (kWh/sf/yr) Lighting Energy Savings BENEFITS be-exchange.org 200 West Street Projected Savings LIVING LAB Before After .79 1.04 0.83 74% 3.17 22.7 9.1 Lighing Peak Demand (kw) Lighting Power Density (w/sf) (connected) Energy Use Intensity (kWh/sf/yr) Lighting Energy Savings Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 9. Early Lessons LIVING LABS be-exchange.org • Myriad Options • Mid Lease Issues • Fixed Asset Depreciation • Monetizing Soft Benefits • Unfamiliarity = Risk • New Tech = New Companies The Living Lab Demonstration Project Next Steps be-exchange.org BEEx- LBNL Living Lab Project Next Steps • Install/Cx • Technical Training ! Control typologies ! Functionality ! Costs/Benefits ! Retrofit challenges ! Non-technical challenges • Reports/Symposia • Case studies • Web resources • Technology exhibits LIVING LAB be-exchange.org NEXT STEPS The Living Lab Demonstration Project Innovation and Integration be-exchange.org Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory How do we aggressively accelerate… 1. The learning curve 2. The adoption curve 3. Creation of new partnerships for market impact 4. Creation of new expectations for market drivers Programs Like These Help Define an Innovation Pathway to the Future Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Benefits of High Performance Lighting • Human-centric – Visually appealing spaces – Excellent visual comfort – Supports visual performance requirements – Good color rendition – Lighting tuned to individual needs and task needs • Building-centric – Very low lighting energy use – Cost effective to operate – Minimal impact on HVAC energy and peak loads – Easily adaptable to changing building uses – Low Maintenance • Grid-centric – Grid responsive – Resilient systems • …. Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 10. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Increase Rate of Adoption of Existing/Emerging Technologies • Operational improvements • Better Design and Selection Guidance • New Market channels • New Voluntary and Mandatory Programs • Education: best use for a particular application (climate, etc.) Create Pipeline of New Technology Options and Business Models • Incremental improvements to technology available today • Performance enhancements but Cost reductions • New features • Breakthrough R&D • Innovation- new products, new applications • Components " Integrated Systems 10 year View: “Do It Now” + “Do It Better Tomorrow”/ / Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Future of Automated Shading and Dimmable Lighting User Preferences Override Local Window Luminance Global Solar Conditions Load Shedding/ Demand Limiting Signal Smart Controller Building Performance (cost, comfort, operations) Dynamic Shading, Glare Control (active control of daylight, glare, solar gain) H V A C Sensors, meters,… Lighting Controls (daylight sensor) Smart Contro ller Tuning Setpoints, Occupancy sensing, Overrides Load Demand Shed Response Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory New Tools for Optimizing Lighting Systems Performance and Building Integration: FLEXLAB: Facility for Low Energy eXperiments in Buildings Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Data acquisition and controls Interchangeable HVAC systems: air- and water- based Interchangeable lighting and controls Interchangeable skylights Interchangeable façade elements: shading, glazing Granular sensor, instrumentation and metering system Reconfigurable, “Kit-of-Parts” Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Delivering Answers to Owners and Contractors: Field Testing in Performance Mockup Highly Instrumented Office Interior with motorized shading, and dimmable, color tunable LED lighting Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 11. Delivering “Comfort” in Floor Area Adjacent to Windows Snapshot of Field Data on Brightness Measurements and Glare Prediction at Workstations Snapshot of Electric Light, Daylight and Lighting Energy Use DOE target: LED/Fixtures/Controls/Shading/Daylight " Integrated systems for very low energy use " Affordable, reliable, deployable at scale Strategy: Create Open, Interoperable Systems on the “Internet of Things” IOT Platform BIPV Facade/ Solar!intensity! Daylight,!glare! Shade!posiFon! Ligh<ng/ Occupancy! Illuminance!level! Energy!use! HVAC/ Outdoor!and!indoor!temp! Heat/!cool/!econ!mode!! COP!! Project Vision • High Performance: Energy efficiency, comfort,… • Scalable, Deployable, Affordable • Seamless systems interoperability e.g. plug and play • Dynamic; Intelligent, Responsive/reactive: • To changing needs of people, building, grid • To Time Scale- milliseconds/grid to years/tenant change • Continuously Optimized system performance • Resilient in face of unexpected change • Value Proposition: Win/Win • Designers- seamless design, integration, no VE surprises • Contractors- easier to install, commission, • Owner/Operator- easier to operate; response to churn, rate hikes • Occupant: More Local control, occupant-friendly UI • Utilities- energy management opportunith • Suppliers- x10 increase in market • Codes/Standards: Outcome-based codes feasible Active Integrated Perimeter Building Systems • Year 1: Plan and Refine Program, Partners • Validate Concept, Develop Performance Specs • Build Business Case and Industry Partner Team • Year 2: Test and Validate IoT Platform • Construct mockup/prototype systems • Evaluate in FLEXLAB testbed • Refine, Optimize Systems Design • Launch, Support Alliance • Year 3: Demonstrate in Field Test, Occupied Building • High Value, High Visibility building, partner • Enabling tools, data, apps to speed impact… Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015
- 12. Future: Significant Impact Comes Only from Comprehensive Balanced Program To routinely deliver high performance lighting in low- energy buildings we must find a balance between: Technology Process Solutions fail without this balance Markets Economics Policy People Innovation Create Mutual Benefits for Lighting Systems in High Performance Buildings Win-Win Oppportunties: • New Technology, Smarter Design offers: • New Business Opportunities • Design freedom and flexibility • Value-added benefits, e.g. better comfort • New performance benefits: e.g. visibility • Modest extra costs, large annual savings • Lower impact on global environment Manufacturer Architect Occupant Owner Society Make high performance and energy efficiency a market advantage, not an extra cost or a risk Must Deliver Measurable Savings! Turn. It. Off. Noon, June 19, 2015 Lower the lights for one hour. Raise awareness. Transform the conversation. Using daylight in your office reduces emissions, improves well-being, and saves money. 2015 PARTICIPATION • Durst • Forest City Ratner • Rudin • Tishman Speyer • Vornado • NYC Mayor’s Office • City Council • Con Ed • NYPA • NYSERDA be-exchange.org Potential Savings • 2014 Daylight Hour equal to: 15,000 miles of Tesla driving • $1M savings potential if participants used daylight all year • 2015 . . . ? Yetsuh Frank yf@be-exchange.org RESOURCES Related Offices Case Study Let There Be Daylight http://Bit.ly/glny-ltbd Stephen Selkowitz seselkowitz@lbl.gov RESOURCES LBL Windows http://windows.lbl.gov Advanced Facades Project http://lowenergyfacades.lbl.gov Commercial Website http://commercialwindows.org New York Times Project http://windows.lbl.gov/comm_perf/ newyorktimes.htm FLEXlab http://flexlab.lbl.gov Q & A Illuminating Change - Living Labs for Advanced Controls Building Energy Exchange LIGHTFAIR Presentation - May 6, 2015