Interior finishes

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2. When choosing a wall covering, it
is essential to consider the
color involved, the condition of
the walls and the function of
the room.
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3. Walls must be in harmony with
the overall decorating theme.
Walls should complement the
furniture and accessories in a
room.
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4. Walls can become a focal
point in a decorative scheme,
camouflage awkward features,
and visually change the size
and shape of a room.
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5. The most commonly used wall
coverings are: paint, wallpaper,
paneling, mirrors, brick, stone,
fabric and carpeting.
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6. Neutral colors are more often used
than vivid colors because they
provide a background to the rest of
the room and furnishings.
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7. Washable wall surfaces are
recommended for bathrooms,
kitchens, children’s rooms and
hallways because walls in these
areas tend to become soiled more
quickly than bedrooms or living
rooms.
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8. Prepared paint has been on the U.S.
market since 1867.
Paint is sold in two forms: Alkyd and
Latex. Both types are sold in
ready mixed colors and special
order colors.
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9. Alkyd paint
Alkyd paint is durable,
washable and often used
in kitchens and
bathrooms. It requires a
primer or base coat and a
solvent to clean up.
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10. Latex paint
Latex is easily applied over
bare wallboard
without a primer.
Cleanup is easy with
soap and water. These
paints dry fast and
have minimal odor.
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11. Paint is available in gloss,
semi-gloss, eggshell, flat,
textured and glazes.
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eggshell
gloss

12. Paint applications are varied
and can change or add drama
or peace to a room.
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13. Sponging
Paint is applied with a sponge over
a base coat, giving a mottled or
blotchy texture.
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14. Spattering
Paint on a brush is flipped onto the
base coat, giving a speckled
appearance.
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15. Strippling
Similar to sponging, but a more
delicate effect is achieved by
using a strippling brush to apply a
colored paint lightly over the
base color.
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16. Ragging
One or more colors are applied
over the base coat, and then
partly removed by blotting or
rolling with a rag to achieve a
marbleized effect.
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17. Color washing
A coat of thinned paint or glaze is
lightly applied over a base coat of
another color.
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18. Glazing
Layers of one or more transparent
colors are applied on top of a
base coat. The result gives the
illusion of various depths on the
wall.
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19. Faux finishes
French word meaning false. Faux
finishes simulate the look of another
materials, such as a stone or wood, by
using various techniques to apply
paints to a surface. More popular
finishes are marble, granite, and wood
grain looks.
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20. How much paint do I need?
To estimate the amount of paint
you need in order to cover the
walls of a room:
1. 1. add together the length of all the walls
2. 2. then multiply the number by the height
of the room from floor to ceiling.
The number you get is the room's
square footage.
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21. Now you have to determine how
much of that square footage is
paintable surface area. Because
you use a different paint on the
doors and windows, subtract
those areas from the room total.
 No sweat, just subtract 20
square feet for each door and 15
square feet for each average-
sized window in the room. 21

22. You end up with a number that is
close to the actual wall area you
have to cover with paint.
In general, you can expect 1 gallon
of paint to cover about 350
square feet.
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23. Now the math!
Divide the paintable wall area by
350. This will indicate the
number of gallons of paint you will
need.
Always round up to the nearest
whole number to assure yourself
you have enough paint!
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24. Remember batch numbers are
important with paint too!
There are on-line paint calculators
available to make this an easier
process!
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25. Wallpaper
Wallpaper has been used to
cover walls since the 16th
century in Europe and since
colonial times in America.
Ancient Chinese used rice paper
as early as 200 B.C.
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26. The use of wallpaper can change
the apparent dimensions of a
room. A bold, bright wallpaper
pattern can make a room appear
smaller and a scenic pattern can
make a room seem more spacious.
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27. Before purchasing wallpaper, you
should bring home a large sample to
try for color and pattern.
Wallpaper can be washable,
scrubbable and
strippable.
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28. Vinyl-faced wallpaper is backed
with fabric or heavy paper, it is
durable, stain resistant,
waterproof and popular.
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29. Embossed wallpaper
has texture rolled into the paper
during the manufacturing process.
Raised surface areas as a part of
the design, can be
used to create
a formal effect.
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30. Grass Cloth
Is made of loosely woven plant
fibers that are backed with
paper.
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31. Borders
Narrow strips of decorative wallpaper
used around doors, windows, and
areas where walls and ceilings meet
or on wall in various heights parallel
to the floor. Borders can be used
alone or with other wall coverings.
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32. Murals
Murals are complete scenes that do
not have a repeat. Some murals may
require nine or ten panels to complete
the scene murals are usually placed on
only one wall in a room.
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33. Pre-pasted wallpaper
is easy to “hang.” It must be
soaked briefly in water before
hanging.
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34. Strippable wallpaper is easily
strippable, which means that it
can be removed from the wall
easily. Other papers must be
removed by steaming and
scraping.
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35. Reusable wallpaper
Affordable, reusable, self adhesive,
wall decals
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36. When purchasing wallpaper, match
the batch numbers on all of the
rolls purchased to insure colors
match.
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37. Wood Paneling
gives a warm attractive
appearance to a room. It
requires little maintenance. It
comes in a variety
of forms and
prices.
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38. Solid wood
is attractive but expensive.
Manufactured paneling is a thin layer
of fine wood bonded
to less expensive wood.
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39. Plastic laminate
is layers of paper and resins
baked and printed to resemble
wood grain. This is glued to a
plywood backing.
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40. Molding
Molding is strips of wood or resin
used for trim or ornamentation in a
room. The main purpose is to finish
of a window, door, wall or to prevent
damage to the wall.
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41. Crown molding is hung were the
ceiling meets the wall.
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42. Plate/Picture rail is a wide molding
hung 6 feet off the ground used
for display purposes.
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43. Chair Rail is hung 3 feet from
the floor to prevent the backs of
chairs from damaging walls or for
decoration.
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44. Baseboard/kickboards
hide the break between the wall
and floor.
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