Dental pharmacology

1. ‫الرحیم‬ ‫الرحمن‬ ‫ہللا‬ ‫بسمہ‬

2. Fluoride preparations for Professional Use
Presented to: Ma’am Sharmeen
Presented by: Hammad Ahmad
Usama Akram
Saman Arif
Department: Dental technology 2nd year

3. Indications for the Use of Topical Fluoride:
 Caries prone children and adults
 Patients with removable orthodontic appliances
 Salivary gland malfunction
 Arrested carious lesions
Contra-indications:
 Home use
 Children below 6 years of age

4. Acidulated phosphate fluoride Solutions
Preparation:
1.2 % NaF in 0.1 mol/L phosphate buffer with pH of
3.2
Applications:
 Apply directly with cotton pallet for 4 minutes ,
one quadrant treated at a time
 In children APF carried in special trays, treating
one arch at a time
 Annual or biannual application is recommended

5. Precautions:
Drinking or eating should be avoided for 30 minutes after application
Advantage:
In APF solution fluoride is present as HF- while in non acidic solutions most of the fluoride is present
as F- ion , So
 HF- Diffuses more readily than F-
 Fluoride from APF solutions penetrate more deeply into enamel
 More fluoride is deposited

6. Acidulated phosphate fluoride gels
Preparation:
Fluoride concentration=1.23% and gelling
agent=methyl or hydroxy methyl cellulose
Application:
 In adults; by applicator tray
 In children; with cotton pallet

7. Precautions:
Drinking and eating should be avoided for 30 minutes after application
Advantages:
 20 to 40 % reduction in caries incidence
 Easier to use with the help of special trays
 No spillage
 Less amount required
 Thixotropic

8. Neutral sodium Fluoride gels
 2.0 % NaF gels are available for office use
 APF should be avoided on sealants or if the
patient has composite porcelain restoration as
it’s little more acidic so it can etch the
porcelain. So, we use neutral sodium Fluoride
gels to restrain complications.
 Application and precautions are same as for
APF gels

9. Fluoride Varnishes
“Fluoride varnish is a highly concentrated form of fluoride which is applied to the tooth’s surface
as a type of topical fluoride therapy.”
It is not a permanent varnish but due to its adherent nature it is able to stay in contact with the
tooth surface for several hours. It may be applied to the enamel, dentine or cementum of the
tooth and can be used to help prevent decay, remineralise the tooth surface.

10. Types of Varnishes
 DURAPHAT: It is composed of sodium fluoride suspension in an alcoholic solution of natural
varnishes and self polymerizing polyurethane varnish.
Fluoride concentration = 2.26% (22mg/mL)
 ELMEX PROTECTOR: It consists of amine fluoride 297
 EPOXYLITE 9070: It is composed of Disodium Monofluorophosphate and a Polyurethane based
adhesive coating.

11. Fissures Sealants
 Occlusal, buccal and cingulum pits and fissures are obvious stagnation areas.
 Toothbrush filaments don’t reach there.
 Therefore they are primary sites of tooth decay.
 They are least benefited by fluorides.

12. “Fissures sealants are the materials filled in the fissures to aid mechanical cleaning.”
Components:
 Resin restoration
 Glass ionomer Cement
WHAT ARE FISSURES SEALANTS?

13. Procedure:
 Teeth is cleaned and dried.
 A layer of gel of phosphoric or nitric acid is applied.
 Sealant is applied.
 Sealant is hardened by lamp.
Note: Properly sealed tooth lasts for 3-5 years.

14. Thank you