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1. International Conference on Earth & Environmental Science and Technology
Poster ID: ICBE-P-006
A Blue Economy Issue: Seaweed (Hypnea musciformis) Versus Freshwater Weed (Ipomoea aquatica):
A Comparative Analysis on the Basis of Proximate Composition and Antioxidant Properties
Saad Al-din Sifata, Mohammad Afzal Hossaina, Md. Solaiman Hossainb
aDept. of Food Engineering and Tea Technology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh
bDept. of Oceanography, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh
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Shahjalal University of Science and Technology,
Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh
15.953
0.282
37.464
25.154
22.56
6.01
0.24
16.63
27.597
12.65
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
Percentage(%)
Proximate Compositions
Hypnea musiformis Ipomoea aquatica
19.9
72.86
14.09 15.9
0
20
40
60
80
TAC(%) DPPH(%)
Percentage(%)
Total Antioxidant capacity and
DPPH
Hypnea musiformis Ipomoea aquatica
11.37
9.4
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Hypnea musiformis Ipomoea aquatica
(mgGA/g)
Phenolics Content
31.59
51.52
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Hypnea
musiformis
Ipomoea
aquatica
(mg/g)
Carotenoids
Fig. The sampling area of Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Study
Area
Ash Moist
ure
Protein Lipid Carboh
ydrate
Refere
nces
Cox’s
Bazar
22.56±0
.497
25.154
±0.91
15.953±
1.27
0.282
±0.05
37.464±
1.02
This
Study
Saint
Martin
24.31±0
.5
9.76 ±
1.4
13.73±0.
8
0.34±
0.4
46.26±0
.6
(Khan
et al.)
Persia
Gulf
of Iran
21.8±0.
69
10.8±0
.35
16.5±2.7
8
2.8±0
.67
31.8±1.
34
(Roha
ni-
Ghadi
kolaei
et al.,
2012)
Saint
Martin
18.65 12.35 16.31 1.56 22.89 (Siddi
que et
al.,
2013)
Table 1. Seaweed proximate compositions of other
reports with this study.
Seaweed is verily more compatible than freshwater weed in perspective of numbers of
parameters.
One can gain much more nutrition by consuming exact same amount of seaweed in contrast to
freshwater weed.
Intro
Macro-algae or “seaweeds” are multicellular plants that
are found in the coastal sea areas. They belong to the
lower plants, meaning that they do not have roots,
stems, and leaves. Instead they are composed of a leaf-
like thallus and sometimes a stem and a foot called
holdfast. Seaweeds have been an important dietary
component since, at fourth century in Japan and at sixth
century in China. In Korea also the consumption of
seaweeds is a common practice (1). Based on their
pigmentation seaweeds were classified into Chlorophyta
(green algae), Rhodophyta (Red algae) and Phaeophyta
(Brown algae).
Fig. Common green, red and brown seaweed species(from
left to right)
Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica), a freshwater weed
which originated in China and is a commonly grown and
consumed leafy green vegetable in China and other
Asian countries in summer and autumn, is a rich source
of carotenoids with many health benefits. Ipomoea
aquatica is an important aquatic vegetable in southern
Asia, India, and southern China. It is a herbaceous
perennial plant belonging to the family Convolvulaceae.
References
1) Gates, K.W. (2009), Marine Products for Healthcare: Functional and Bioactive Nutraceutical Compounds from the Ocean,
Vazhiyil Venugopal: Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals Series. Boca Raton, FL, USA. CRC Press Taylor and Francis Group.
527 pages. $169.95. 2010, Taylor & Francis.
2) Prieto, P., Pineda, M., & Aguilar, M. (1999). Spectrophotometric quantitation of antioxidant capacity through the formation of
a phosphomolybdenum complex: specific application to the determination of vitamin E. Analytical biochemistry, 269(2), 337-341.
3) Yen, G.-C., & Chen, H.-Y. (1995). Antioxidant activity of various tea extracts in relation to their antimutagenicity. Journal of
agricultural and food chemistry, 43(1), 27-32.
4) Kähkönen, M. P., Hopia, A. I., Vuorela, H. J., Rauha, J.-P., Pihlaja, K., Kujala, T. S., & Heinonen, M. (1999). Antioxidant
activity of plant extracts containing phenolic compounds. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 47(10), 3954-3962.
5) Kirk, J., & Allen, R. (1965). Dependence of chloroplast pigment synthesis on protein synthesis: effect of actidione.
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 21(6), 523-530.
Results
Seaweed
(Hypnea
musciformis)
Freshwater
weed (Ipomoea
aquatica)
Extract
Total Antioxidant
(Prieto, Pineda, &
Aguilar, 1999) (2)
DPPH radical activity
(Yen & Chen, 1995)(3)
Phenolics
(Kähkönen et al.,
1999)(4)
Carotenoids
(Kirk & Allen, 1965)(5)
S
u
n
D
r
y
i
n
g
Extract
B
l
e
n
d
i
n
g
Sun Dry Sample
Protein
Kjeldahl method
Carbohydrate
Phenol-sulphuric
acid method
Ash
Muffle Furnace
Moisture
Oven Dryer
Lipid
Separating funnelPowder
Materials and Methods
The seaweed and water spinach used in this study were both collected
from the Kolatoli beach area, Cox’s Bazar in 2019. Both the seaweed and
freshwater weed samples were carefully sun-dried for 7-8 days and
powdered using blender. Proximate compositions were determined using
standard AOAC (2005) methods and antioxidant properties were
determined by methods as given below.
Conclusion
The red seaweed Hypnea musciformis, collected from
Kolatoli beach, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh, was considered
low calories food with high level of carbohydrates, proteins,
ashes and antioxidant activity in contrast to Ipomoea
aquatica, a leafy vegetable representing freshwater weed,
implying a promising role in food, feed, industrial
applications as well as medicinal uses. Due to their
investigated content, this seaweed offers a new potential
source for protein, carbohydrate, nutrients and also, high
level of bioactive compounds. So, the study suggests that
seaweeds should be used more as a food for human
consumption and also cultured commercially for its
numerous other possibilities. This study also shows a
protein-rich plant source that can be utilized to reduce the
protein deficiency of certain areas of Bangladesh as well as
other countries. Since macroalgae are common and largely
available in the coastal areas of Bangladesh, their
composition and antimicrobial properties made them
potential candidates in contrast to freshwater weed for
nutritional as well as medical applications.
Proxim
ate
composi
tions
Hypnea
muscifo
rmis
Ipomoe
a
aquatic
a
Brassi
ca
olerace
a
Nymph
aea
noucha
li
Amaran
thus
gangetic
us
Spina
cia
olerac
ea
Cucurb
ita
maxim
a
Protein
(%)
15.953 6.01 3.5 14.8 2.39 2.26 0.59
Carboh
ydrate
(%)
37.464 16.63 6.4 8.79 4.35 4.75 5.1
Fat (%) 0.282 0.24 0.4 2.8 0.19 0.21 0.08
Moistur
e (%)
25.154 27.597 85 6.4 90.75 89.93 93.33
Ash (%) 22.56 12.65 8.97 18.7 1.42 2.12 0.67
Referen
ces
This
study
This
study
(Sheel
a,
Nath,
2004)
(Banerj
ee &
Matai,
1990),
(Islam,
Khan, &
Akhtaru
zzaman,
2010)
(Islam
et al.,
2010)
(Islam
et al.,
2010)
Table 2. Proximate composition of some vegetables in
contrast to study samples.
The authors would like to express their gratitude to SUST
Research Center, Shahjalal University of Science & Technology,
Sylhet, Bangladesh for research funding
(Grant number PS/2019/1/25).
Acknowledgment
For more Info/Query: saadaldinsifat@gmail.com