solar irradiance and its impact for installation of solar collector

1. Solar Irradiance And Its Impact For
Installation Of Solar Collector Name: Subhadip Ghosh
University Roll Number: 11701620012
Year & Semester: 3rd year (5th Sem)
Paper Name: Renewable & Non-Conventional energy
Paper Code: PE-EE 501C
CO Number : CO2, CO5, CO6
Module Number: 2
Bloom's Level of Taxonomy : Understanding, Applying
RCC Institute of Information Technology
Subject: B.Tech in Electrical Engineering
Continuous Assessment -1(CA1)
Academic Session: 2022-23 (Odd Sem)

2. CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION
• SOLAR IRRADIANCE
• DIAGRAMATIC REPRESENTATION
• SOLAR COLLECTOR
• INSTALLATION EMPACT ON SOLAR COLLECTOR
DUE TO SOLAR IRRADIANCE
• CONCLUSION

3. INTRODUCTION:
SOLAR IRRADIANCE
(1) Solar energy is referred to as renewable and/or sustainable energy
because it will be available as long as the Sun continues to shine.
(2) Our sun is an excellent source of radiant energy. Solar irradiance is
the power per unit area received from the Sun in the form of
electromagnetic radiation as measured in the wavelength range of the
measuring instrument. Solar irradiance is measured in watts per square
metre (W/m2) in SI units.
(3) Irradiance may be measured in space or at the Earth's surface after
atmospheric absorption and scattering. Irradiance in space is a function
of distance from the Sun, the solar cycle, and cross-cycle changes.
Irradiance on the Earth's surface additionally depends on the tilt of the
measuring surface, the height of the sun above the horizon, and
atmospheric conditions. Solar irradiance affects plant metabolism and
animal behavior.

4. Solar Irraiance
. There are three basic types of solar irradiance:
(i) Direct Normal Irradiance (DNI)
(ii) Diffuse-Scatted
(iii) Reflected short wavelength (solar) radiation
from other surfaces.

5. SOLAR ENERGY COLLECTORS
(1) A solar collector is an object that is used to collect energy from the sun,
which it does by absorbing solar radiation and converting it into heat or
electricity. The material type and coating on a solar collector are used to
maximize solar energy absorption.
(2) Collectors are the starting point for the conversion of sunlight into energy.
They must be designed to efficiently concentrate light while minimizing
fabrication, installation, and operating costs.
(3) A material like aluminum is chosen, as it can absorb heat well.
Solar Collector Efficiency Analysis:
The higher intensity of the irradiance received, then the efficiency of the
collector will also be higher. The slight deviation in the image (for
variations collector covered 100%), which occurred at 9:05 a.m., 11:05
a.m., and 12:05 p.m. is due to the weather factor (cloudy). Overall, the
average efficiency of each of the various openings solar collector that is
open 100% .

6. INSTALLATION EMPACT ON
SOLAR COLLECTOR DUE TO
SOLAR IRRADIANCE:
(1) Let us understand this through a study on the effect of solar collector opening and solar
radiation on thermal efficiency.
(2) During the research, the solar irradiance and temperature of collector are
measured and recorded every five minutes.
(3) Temperature measurement performed on the surface of the absorber
plate, inside of collector, surface cover and the outer side insulator
(plywood). This data is used to calculate the heat loss due to conduction,
convection and radiation on the collector.
(4) The collector thermal efficiency calculated based on the ratio of the
amount of heat received to the solar irradiance absorbed. The results show
that each of openings solar collector has different solar irradiance (because
it was done on a different day) which is in units of W/m2.
(5) These indicate that the efficiency of the collector was influenced by solar
irradiance received by the collector and openings of the collector plate.

7. Conclusion:
S olar power is an immense source of directly useable energy and ultimately
creates other energy resources: biomass, wind, hydropower and wave energy.
M ost of the E arth's surface receives sufficient solar energy to permit low-grade
heating of water and buildings, although there are large variations with latitude
and season. At low latitudes, simple mirror devices can concentrate solar energy
sufficiently for cooking and even for driving steam turbines.
T he energy of light shifts electrons in some semiconducting materials. T his
photovoltaic effect is capable of large-scale electricity generation. H owever, the
present low efficiency of solar P V cells demands very large areas to supply
electricity demands.
D irect use of solar energy is the only renewable means capable of ultimately
supplanting current global energy supply from non-renewable sources, but at the
ex pense of a land area of at least half a million km2 .
S olar irradiance is one of the major factor playing a crucial role in the
installation of solar collector as the absorbpution of the heat by the solar
collector is depending on the solar irradiance as justified earlier.