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ACARA III
EROSIVITAS HUJAN
9 Maret 2022
Tujuan Praktikum
• Praktikum ini bertujuan untuk memahami
menghitung pendugaan erosivitas hujan harian,
bulanan dan tahunan.
Alat dan Bahan
1. Data curah hujan dari berbagai stasiun hujan
2. Peta daerah aliran sungai (DAS) atau Sub-DAS
3. Peta administrasi daerah aliran sungai (DAS) atau
Sub-DAS
4. Software pengolah data spasial, misalnya ArcGIS
atau QGIS
USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation)
USLE merupakan sebuah rumus untuk mengetahui
tingkat erosi suatu daerah. Rumus ini dikembangkan
oleh Weischmeimer dan Smith.
A = R.K.LS.CP
A = Perkiraan tanah yang tererosi (ton/ha/th)
R = faktor erosivitas hujan (MJ.cm/ha.jam/th)
K = faktor erodibilitas tanah (ton.ha.jam/ha MJ.cm)
L = faktor panjang lereng
S = faktor kemiringan lahan
C = faktor pengelolaan tanaman
P = faktor penanggulangan erosi
Erosivitas Hujan
Erosivitas hujan merupakan kemampuan atau daya hujan
untuk menimbulkan erosi.
Erosivitas hujan dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik hujan seperti
tebal hujan, lama hujan, dan intensitas hujan.
Hujan memiliki energi kinetik yang mampu untuk memecah
atau merusak butiran tanah (Fernández-Raga et al., 2017; Ma
et al., 2022), dan membawa partikel tanah melalui aliran
permukaan.
Untuk menghitung erosivitas hujan bisa dengan
menggunakan persamaan yang dikembangkan oleh
Bols (1978) berdasarkan data curah hujan bulanan,
tahunan, dan jumlah hari hujan.
1. Erosivitas Hujan Harian
Menghitung Rh
Rh = (2.467*(Hh^²)/((0.02727*Hh)+0.725))
2. Erosivitas hujan bulanan
𝑹𝒃𝟏 = 𝟔, 𝟏𝟏𝟗(𝑯𝒃)𝟏,𝟐𝟏 × (𝑫𝒂𝒚𝒔)−𝟎,𝟒𝟕× (𝑯𝒉𝒎𝒂𝒙)𝟎,𝟓𝟑
Atau
𝑹𝒃𝟐 = 𝟐, 𝟐𝟏 × 𝑯𝒃 𝟏,𝟑𝟔
Keterangan :
Rb = erosivitas hujan bulanan
Hb = curah hujan bulanan (cm)
Days = jumlah hari juhan dalam per bulan
Hhmax = curah hujan harian maksimum per bulan (cm)
𝑹𝒃𝟐 digunakan apabila tidak tersedia data hari hujan (Days) dan nilai
maksimum hujan harian dalam setiap bulannya (Hhmax).
Menghitung Rb
=6.119*Hb^1.21*Days^-0.47*Hhmax^0.53
=2.21*Hb^1.36
3. Erosivitas Hujan Tahunan
𝑹𝒕𝟏 =
𝒊=𝟏
𝟏𝟐
𝑹𝒃
𝑹𝒕𝟐 =
𝟐, 𝟓𝑯𝒕𝟐
𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟎, 𝟎𝟕𝟑𝑯𝒕 + 𝟎, 𝟕𝟑)
Keterangan :
Rt = erosivitas hujan tahunan
Ht = curah hujan tahunan (mm)
Menghitung Rt
=2.5*Ht^2/(100*(0.073*Ht+0.73))
Peta Erosivitas Hujan
• Membuat peta erosivitas hujan berdasarkan data
curah hujan kawasan (metode Isohyet).
Data Praktikum
1. Tabel erosivitas hujan harian
2. Tabel erosivitas hujan bulanan
3. Tabel erosivitas hujan tahunan
4. Peta erosivitas hujan
TERIMA KASIH 

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EROSION CALCULATION

  • 2. Tujuan Praktikum • Praktikum ini bertujuan untuk memahami menghitung pendugaan erosivitas hujan harian, bulanan dan tahunan.
  • 3. Alat dan Bahan 1. Data curah hujan dari berbagai stasiun hujan 2. Peta daerah aliran sungai (DAS) atau Sub-DAS 3. Peta administrasi daerah aliran sungai (DAS) atau Sub-DAS 4. Software pengolah data spasial, misalnya ArcGIS atau QGIS
  • 4. USLE (Universal Soil Loss Equation) USLE merupakan sebuah rumus untuk mengetahui tingkat erosi suatu daerah. Rumus ini dikembangkan oleh Weischmeimer dan Smith.
  • 5. A = R.K.LS.CP A = Perkiraan tanah yang tererosi (ton/ha/th) R = faktor erosivitas hujan (MJ.cm/ha.jam/th) K = faktor erodibilitas tanah (ton.ha.jam/ha MJ.cm) L = faktor panjang lereng S = faktor kemiringan lahan C = faktor pengelolaan tanaman P = faktor penanggulangan erosi
  • 6. Erosivitas Hujan Erosivitas hujan merupakan kemampuan atau daya hujan untuk menimbulkan erosi. Erosivitas hujan dipengaruhi oleh karakteristik hujan seperti tebal hujan, lama hujan, dan intensitas hujan. Hujan memiliki energi kinetik yang mampu untuk memecah atau merusak butiran tanah (Fernández-Raga et al., 2017; Ma et al., 2022), dan membawa partikel tanah melalui aliran permukaan.
  • 7. Untuk menghitung erosivitas hujan bisa dengan menggunakan persamaan yang dikembangkan oleh Bols (1978) berdasarkan data curah hujan bulanan, tahunan, dan jumlah hari hujan.
  • 9. Menghitung Rh Rh = (2.467*(Hh^²)/((0.02727*Hh)+0.725))
  • 10. 2. Erosivitas hujan bulanan 𝑹𝒃𝟏 = 𝟔, 𝟏𝟏𝟗(𝑯𝒃)𝟏,𝟐𝟏 × (𝑫𝒂𝒚𝒔)−𝟎,𝟒𝟕× (𝑯𝒉𝒎𝒂𝒙)𝟎,𝟓𝟑 Atau 𝑹𝒃𝟐 = 𝟐, 𝟐𝟏 × 𝑯𝒃 𝟏,𝟑𝟔 Keterangan : Rb = erosivitas hujan bulanan Hb = curah hujan bulanan (cm) Days = jumlah hari juhan dalam per bulan Hhmax = curah hujan harian maksimum per bulan (cm) 𝑹𝒃𝟐 digunakan apabila tidak tersedia data hari hujan (Days) dan nilai maksimum hujan harian dalam setiap bulannya (Hhmax).
  • 12. 3. Erosivitas Hujan Tahunan 𝑹𝒕𝟏 = 𝒊=𝟏 𝟏𝟐 𝑹𝒃 𝑹𝒕𝟐 = 𝟐, 𝟓𝑯𝒕𝟐 𝟏𝟎𝟎(𝟎, 𝟎𝟕𝟑𝑯𝒕 + 𝟎, 𝟕𝟑) Keterangan : Rt = erosivitas hujan tahunan Ht = curah hujan tahunan (mm)
  • 14. Peta Erosivitas Hujan • Membuat peta erosivitas hujan berdasarkan data curah hujan kawasan (metode Isohyet).
  • 15. Data Praktikum 1. Tabel erosivitas hujan harian 2. Tabel erosivitas hujan bulanan 3. Tabel erosivitas hujan tahunan 4. Peta erosivitas hujan