KIOKO.pdf

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KIOKO SAMUEL MUMO ABS211-0018/2019
MIXED URBAN DEVELOPMENT
KOHINOOR SQUARE
SITE& SURROUNDING
-In India, Kohinoor square is located Dadar, a suburb of Mumbai .
-The site is surrounded by a dense low-rise residential areas hence it's the structure in the
vicinity.
-There aremany parks and schools as well near to the site.
CLIMATE OF MUMBAI
• Mumbai's climate can be best described as moderately hot with high level of humidity.
• Its coastal nature and tropical location ensurestemperatures won't fluctuate
much throughoutthe year
.
• The mean average is 27.2 °C
FLOOR PLAN ANALYSIS
•
The Central Core is surrounded by the office spaces and refuge areas (at 24 meter of height)
•
There are segregated office space from 2nd to 24th floor with toilets to each office and a common toilet's also
provided on all these floors.
The first five floors of the main building is used for a high -
end shopping mall and the remaining 47 floors of
the main building is utilized for a commercial offices and crowned by five star hotel on thetop 5 floors.
•
Location: Dadar, Mumbai.
Construction: 2009-2015
Architects: SSA Architects, Mumbai
Client: The Kohinoor Group
Uses: Commercial retail, Offices, Hotel
Residence.
Site Area: 4.6 Acres
Plot Area: 18,615 m2
Floor Area: 50,000 m2
for commercial
Height: 203m Main Building
142m Residence building
Floor Counts: 52 Stories, 32 Stories
Lifts: 24[24+4]
The homes and Offices offer unrivalled and unrestricted views of
the Northern Suburbs, South Mumbai, Eastern Port and the Arabian Sea.
11th
to 24th
Floor
25th
to 39th
Floor
Central core consists of:
-3 Lobbies of 6 lifts and 1 lobby of 4 lifts serving 52 floors.
-1 lobby of 4 lifts serving the offices of 6th to 14 th floor.
-1 lobbies of 6 lifts serving the offices of 6th to 25 th floor.
-25 th floor is a lift bank.
-2 lobbies of 6 lifts serving the upper floors of buildings 25th to
52th floors.
-Spaces between the lifts where the lift lobby is not provided are
used as toilets .
-2 staircases are also placed in the core.
-2 services lifts travelling throughout the building.
Refuge floors are also provided.
The Climate of Mumbai is a tropical wet and dry climate.
Orientation
CASE STUDY

-Pile foundation used.
Residential Building :
-13 stories of parking in below floors.
-132 residential units; 8 units on each
floor.
-At top few floors 4 units on each floor.
-6 on 17th floor which is refuge floor
(ii) Residential Building
Floor Plan [Typical 13-23]
AREA DISTRIBUTION
SUSTAINABLE FEATURES
Sky Garden Native Adapted Landscape
MECHANICAL SERVICES
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
-Central core serves 3 lifts and 1
services lifts.
-It connects 8 units on each floor.
-It connects 6 on 17th floor which is
refuge floor.
- 2 stairs are also placed in the
core.
-The structure comprises a concrete core and
post-tensioned concrete slab and spandrel beams.
-The tube system concept is based on the idea that a building
can be designed to resist lateral loads
-The combined pile raft foundation system is used .
-It is a geotechnical composite construction that combines
the bearing effect of both foundation elements raft and piles .
-The façade consists of faceted unitized aluminum curtain
walls with provisions for high performance double glass façades
on the tower.
-Diamond edges of the building having aluminum flashing with
LED lighting are the unique feature and make it complicated
façade design.
CASE STUDY
10%
26%
16%
11%
21%
13% 3%
Residential Retail
Parking Services
Recreational ground

CASE STUDY
LOCAL CASE STUDY: RIVERSIDE SQUARE
Name: Riverside Square.
Location: Riverside Drive, Nairobi, Kenya.
Use: Mixed Use.
Floors: 11.
Architects: BAA Architects.
Gross Lettable Space (Retail): 18,000 sq ft (c.1,672sqm);
Gross Lettable Space (Office): 115,000 sq ft (c.10,684sqm);
Completion: April 2021.
LOCATION AND NEIGHBOURING CONTEXT
Functionality and Spatial Organization
Riverside Square consists of one commercial highrise building
and three other residential towers.
They are separated by a road.
The commercial tower has 13 floors above ground level
and 3 basement levels.
The 3 basement levels have been used as parking lot for office spaces only.
The lower levels are accessed by a two way ramp that is 8m wide.
Gridlines of 8.1m and 600mm centre to centre columns have been used
to allow adequate space for parking.
Residential Floor Plan A Residential Floor Plan B
Master Plan
Access
The development can be
accessed through
The Riverside Drive
branching off Ring Road
Kileleshwa.
Riverside Drive for
vehicular access
with cyclists and
pedestrians walkway
CIRCULATION
The commercial centre is linked to the residential towersusing a footbridge.
In the residential area the footbridge opens to a openterrace that provides the
residents with a space tosocialize and interact.
Office Tower Floor plan
Vertical circulation is achieved by use of lifts and staircases.
SUSTAINABILITY.
At ground level planters with bamboo have been providedand also the roof terrace
has a green roof to reduce the carbon footprint of thr building.
MATERIALS.
-At the basement level cabro paving has been used.
-Porcelain tile floor finish is used
on the retail and walkway.
-The office space have polished
floor finish and acoustic ceilingd.
-The partitions are done using gypsum
boards and rockwool for sound proofing.

NEW URBANISM
-New Urbanism is a planning and development approach based
on the principles of how cities and towns had been built for
the last several centuries: walkable blocks and streets, housing and
shopping in close proximity, and accessible public spaces.
- It focuses on human-scaled urban design.
Principles of New Urbanism
2. Connectivity
-Most things within a 10-minute walk of home and work.
-Pedestrian friendly street design.
-Pedestrian streets free of cars in special cases.
-Interconnected street grid network disperses traffic & eases walking.
-A hierarchy of narrow streets, boulevards, and alleys.
-High quality pedestrian network and public realm makes walking pleasurable.
3. Mixed-Use & Diversity
-A mix of shops, offices, apartments, and homes on site.
-Mixed-use within neighborhoods, within blocks,
and within buildings.
-Diversity of people - of ages, income levels,
cultures, and races.
5. Quality Architecture & Urban Design
-A range of types, sizes and prices in closer
proximity
-Emphasis on beauty, aesthetics, human comfort,
and creating a sense of place; Special placement of civic uses
and sites within community.
- Human scale architecture & beautiful surroundings nourish
the human spirit
4. Mixed Housing
6. Traditional Neighborhood Structure
-Discernable center and edge.
-Public space at center.
-Importance of quality public realm; public open space designed as civic art.
-Contains a range of uses and densities within 10-minute walk.
-Transect planning: Highest densities at town center;
progressively less dense towards the edge.
-The transect is an analytical system that conceptualizes mutually reinforcing
elements,creating a series of specific natural habitats and/or urban lifestyle
settings.
-The Transect integrates environmental methodology for habitat assessment
with zoning methodology for community design.
-The professional boundary between the natural and man-made disappears,
enabling environmentalists to assess the design of the human habitat design
of the human habitat and the urbanists to support the viability of nature.
-This urban-to-rural transect hierarchy has appropriate building and street
types for each area along the continuum.
7. Increased Density
-More buildings, residences, shops, and services closer together for
ease of walking,to enable a more efficient use of services and
resources, and to create a more convenient, enjoyable place to live.
-New Urbanism design principles are applied at the
full range of densities from small towns, to large cities
NEW URBANISM
1. WALKABILity

8. Green Transportation
-A network of high-quality trains connecting cities, towns,
and neighborhoods together.
-Pedestrian-friendly design that encourages a greater use of bicycles, rollerblades,
scooters, and walking as daily transportation.
9. Sustainability
-Minimal environmental impact of development and its operations.
-Eco-friendly technologies, respect for ecology and value of natural systems.
-Energy efficiency.
-Less use of finite fuels.
-More local production.
-More walking, less driving.
10. Quality of Life
Taken together these add up to a high quality of life well worth living, and create places that enrich, uplift,
and inspire the human spirit.
BENEFITS OF new URBANISM
1. BENEFITS TO DEVELOPERS
-More income potential from higher density mixed-use projects
due to more leasable square footage, more sales per square foot,
and higher property values and selling prices.
-Faster approvals in communities that have adopted smart growth
principles resulting in cost / time savings.
-Faster sell out due to greater acceptance by consumers from a
wider productrange resulting in wider market share.
2. BENEFITS TO BUSINESSESS
-Increased sales due to more foot traffic & people spending less on
cars and gas; Thus more profits.
-Better lifestyle by living above shop in live-work units -
saves the stressful & costly commute; Economies of scale in marketing
due to close proximity and cooperation with other local businesses.
-Healthier lifestyle due to more walking and being near
healthier restaurants; More community involvement from being part of
community and knowing residents.
3. BENEFITS TO RESIDENTS
-Higher quality of life; Better places to live, work, & play.
-Higher, more stable property values;
-Less traffic congestion & less driving;
-Pedestrian friendly communities offer more opportunities
to get to know others in the neighborhood and town, resulting in
meaningful relationships with more people, and a friendlier town;
-Better sense of place and community identity with more
unique architecture;
- More open space to enjoy that will remain open space;
-More efficient use of tax money with less spent on
spread out utilities and roads.
4. BENEFITS TO MUNICIPALITIES
-Stable, appreciating tax base;
-Less spent per capita on infrastructure and utilities than typical
suburban development due to compact, high-density nature of projects.
- Less crime and less spent on policing due to the presence of more
people day and night; Less resistance from community;
- Better overall community image and sense of place;
-Less incentive to sprawl when urban core area is desirable;
- Easy to install transit where it's not, and improve it where it is;
- Greater civic involvement of population leads to better governance.
NEW URBANISM

Pedestrian
1:1
SITE ANALYSIS
GENERAL SITE CONTEXT
SITE GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION
The site is located in UpperHill area proximity
to :
- High traffic Ring Road.
-Kibra informal settlements.
- Prestige Plaza.
- Social landmarks like Nephak.
- A golf course estate.
RESPONSES
Most population to the Proposed Development would be :
1. Kibra residents.
2. Commuters from Nairobi CBD to Karen/ Southern
Bypass via Ring Road.
3. Investors from the adjacent Golf course to the South.
PEDESTRIAN AND VEHICULAR ACCESS
N
-The site is accesed via a private road branching off the
dual carriage Ring Road.
- There's also a ongoing constrcution of a pedestrian footbridge
across the highway.
RESPONSES
-Provision of direct access to the proposed development
from the footbridge with security check lobbies.
-Decelaration and acceleration lanes for vehicular mobility.
P
R
O
P
O
S
E
D
S
I
T
E
The design should provide pedestrian walkways
and cycling lanes to minimize traffic conflicts.
Shaded walkways to be provided alongside the driveway from the
entrance gates to connect the open resting gardens to the main facility.
Provision of resting sopts/ benches alongside the pedestrian walkways
and also bicycle racks for cyclists.
Provision of side drainage channels to prevent erosion of soil
alongside the driveways which covered to act as pedestrian
walkways.
Covered drainage channel
for pedestrians to walk on.
P
R
O
P
O
S
E
D
S
I
T
E
P
R
O
P
O
S
E
D
S
I
T
E
P
R
O
P
O
S
E
D
S
I
T
E

ENVIRONMENTAL factors W I N D R E S P O N S E
Harvest rainwater and store in
underground tank; use for watering the
softscape.
This will complement the water supply on
site and improve sustainability.
SOLAR P&TH AND
ORIENTATION
RESPONSES
ORIENTATION-The longer side of the site lies on the East-West axis, with the shorter side on the
North-South axis.
LARGE TERRACES, VERTICAL SKY GARDENS & BALCONIES
Incoporating large terraces on the East and West facing facades to provide solar shading to the
floors below and other sunshading elements.
SOLAR PANELLED ROOF to harvest solar energy for electrical purposes.
ORIENTATION the building so that its shorter axis aligns with prevailing winds will
provide the most wind ventilation and also allow free movement of wind to
excessive wind load onto the structure.
COURTYARDS allow breezes to enter the building andalso offer a way to invite airflow
without the security concerns of leaving windows or doors open.
Courtyards offer a solution by creating a beautiful, outdoor space that you can
use to get some fresh air, and interact with other people.
RAINFALL RESPONSE
S O I L A N A L Y S I S
The general slope along the site is from the North East towards the
South East.
The general slope across the site is from the west towards the
east.
CREATION OF SPLIT LEVELS.
The design of the building will maximize on the
slope to create spaces at different
levels, rather than using cut and fill technique.
STRONG FOUNDATION SYSTEM to withstand
the structural loading against the loamy soils
on site.
A
A
B
B
Raft Pile Group Pile-assisted Raft
FOUNDATIONS
@ 0900 HRS
@ 1200 HRS
@ 1500 HRS
Solar position diagrams at different
times of the day.
@ 0900 HRS
@ 1200 HRS
@ 1500 HRS
@ 0900 HRS
@ 1200 HRS
@ 1500 HRS
SITE ANALYSIS
A
B
A A
B

I M M E D I A T E L A N D U S E
P A T T E R N S
LAND USE PATTERNS
SITE CHARACTER
The proposed site is approved for high-rise development.
According to the Nairobi land use zoning map, the land lies
around Kenyatta/Golf Course Estate zone.
The current developments proximate to theproject site are
primarily residential, commercial and educational areas.
The study area has a good balance of administrative, residential
and commercial spaces with a high emphasis on community facilities.
Woodley Estate
Hawkers & Makeshift traders
Kibra Informal
Settlement Kibra Police Station
Nairobi Royal Golf Estate
NEPHAK
Headquarters
Embassy of Sudan
I I N F R A S T R U C T U R E
Adopt renewable energy systems to minimize
dependency on electric power. e.g solar energy
-Integrating solar technology into facades.
-Installing solar photovoltaic panels.
E L E C T R I C I T Y
RESPONSES
LEGEND
Residentials
Commercial Facility
Small-scale business
Informal Residence
Recreational Facility
Social Facility
Diplomatic Facility
Administrative Facility
W A T E R
There's direct water supply line to the site from the NWSC.
RESPONSES
Install water saving appliances and water efficient fittings.
Harvest storm water and store it water the softscape.
D R A I N A G E
There's an existing drainage system on the site but can't
sustain the development to maximum capacity.
RESPONSES
Construct a waste water treatment plant on site.
Stainless steel brickslot drain
Build up cover
Expansion joint
Concrete
Concrete/Brick
blocks pavement
Slope to drain
Drain pipe
Mortar
V E G E T A T I O N
The proposed site is well landscaped with soft grass, with a lot of exotic tree
such as palm trees and Cypress with patches of Bamboo trees.
RESPONSES
Plant exotic tree
species around the
building and utilize
those present in the
proposed site to
shade outdoor
spaces.
Adopt slotted drain systems on site:
-Preserve the seamless landscape due to their sleek design.
-Installation and maintenance cost with less accumulation
of sediments and rare blockages.
Rooftop Garden to
substitute trees
cut down on site
SITE ANALYSIS
S.W.O.T ANALYSIS
S T R E N G T H S
-Well preserved vegetation and
landscape.
-Existing water supply and
drainage system.
-Loamy and Volcanic soil
typologies.
- Proximity to a major
road route.
-Strategic position
within other
developments W E A K N E S S E S
- No deceleration and
acceleration lanes to the site.
-No demarcated pedestrian
walkways.
-No turnaround on the dual
carriage highway.
-No direct access for pedestrians
from acroos the road.
O P P O R T U N I T I E S
- Large population in the
neighbourhood thus large market.
- Design open spaces for socializing
-Provide aspects to fulfil both the
local residents and users.
-Constructing deceleration and
acceleration lanes on the exisiting
road reserve.
-Connecting the footbridge
under constrctuction
to the site to allow
direct access.
T H R E A T S
-Rapid growth of the Kibra informal
settlement.
-Hawker's and makeshift traders
across the road may feel threatened.
-The immediate neighbourhood may
be resistance to the upcoming
high rise development.
-The exisiting water and drainage
services cannot serve the
development to full capacity.

SITE CHARACTER
V I E W S
The proposed site is sorrounded by dynamic views;
both positive and negative.
View of Kilimani
View of Woodley Estate
towards Jamhuri
View of Kibra informal settlement
View of Nairobi Royal
Golf Club Estate
View of Downtown to CBD
View of Upperhill
R E S P O N S E S
Use of transparent façade assembly.
The design of the building will ensure extensive use of transparent
façade assembly to allow for unobstructed views.
Use of semi-transparent facade assembly to filter negative views
E.g Kibra Informal Settlements.
Residential and social spaces should be well oriented to maximize on these
views with balconies overlooking to that orientation.
A. Transparent Facade
B. Semi-transparent Facade
N O I S E
The potential sources of noise include the road adjacent
to the site i.e Ring Road traffic and the roadside makeshift
traders with less from the nearby residences.
R E S P O N S E S
Use of irregular or curvilinear facades such as
convex surface that reflects sound in different
directions and not concentrate to a focus point.
Use of double-skinned facades
Using noise masking techniques such as fountains,
front courtyards and vegetation to mask the unwanted
noise with more pleasant or neutral sounds.
Fountains on
the front side of
the building
Trees along side the road
and pedestrians' sidewalks
Front courtyards
with
dense vegetation
and
landscape
Z O N I N G
Z O N E
A C C E S S
W I N D
V I E W S
D R A I N A G E
N O I S E
A b c d
Very Good Good Good Fair
Very Good Very Good
Fair Fair
Very Good
Very Good
Good Fair
Good Good
Fair Fair
High High
Low Low
Z O N E A P P R O P R I A T E A C T I V I T I E S
A
b
c
d
Pedestrian Access, Reception, Food Court,
Retail Spaces, Social Spaces, Fast Food Stalls.
Vehicle Access, Parking, Auxiliary Spaces,
Aministrative Offices
Accomodation, Recreational Facilities,
Outdoor dining
Service Yard, Main Restaurant,
Landscaped Area
SITE ANALYSIS

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