Sexual Voilence in India

2. Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering
2021-22
First Year (D3 Batch)
TOPIC: SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN INDIA
Presented By:
BE21F04F057 Rushikesh Dhyaneshwar Satpute
Guided by :
Dr.Asmita Sharad Salve

3. Sexual Violence in India
Content
 INTRODUCTION
 Nirbhaya Case
 Statistical Analysis of Rapes in India
 Some Other cases
 Victim Blaming
 Victim Psychology
 Causes of Sexual Violence Against Women
 What Can Be Done?
 Conclusion

4. ARE WOMEN
REALLY SAFE IN
INDIA TODAY?

5. INTRODUCTION
What is Rape?
The unlawful use of physical force or duress to have
sexual intercourse.
• Rape is a crime against basic human rights and is also
violative of the victim's most cherished of the
fundamental rights, normally, the right to life'
contained in Article 21.
• After shocks include: depression, fear, guilt complex,
suicidal-action, diminished sexual interest. etc.

7.  Rape is the fourth most common crime against women in
India.According to the 2019 annual report of the National
Crime Records Bureau (NCRB), 32033 rape cases were
registered across the country, or an average of 88 cases
daily,slightly lower than 2018 when 91 cases were registered
daily.

8. Nirbhaya Case
Starting with her friend who tried to save her life even
though he was severely injured as well, the people who first
noticed them lying on the road and took them to the
hospital, the police, the entire nation united in protest
against this inhumane act and to fight for justice.

9. Who Was She?
• On Dec. 16, the 23-year-old student, Jyoti singh was viciously
assaulted by a group of men while she was riding a bus with a
male companion.
• The two had just seen a movie. Both she and the man were
beaten with an iron rod and eventually stripped, robbed and
dumped on the roadside.
• After three surgeries at an Indian hospital, the woman was
flown to Singapore on Thursday for further treatment.
• She died early on Saturday after suffering what hospital
officials said were “signs of severe organ failure.”
• Doctors found she had suffered severe internal injuries that
could have been caused by the iron rod. In between operations
to remove more than 90 per cent of her intestines, she
managed to give two long interviews to police and a
magistrate, and spoke to her family of her determination that
her rapists be brought to justice.

10. • This reprehensible crime reflects an alarming trend in India, which
basks in its success as a growing business and technological Mecca
but tolerates shocking abuse of women. Rape cases have increased
at an alarming rate, roughly 25 percent in six years. New Delhi
recorded 572 rapes in 2011; that total is up 17 percent this year.
• And those are just the reported cases. Many victims, shamed into
silence and callously disregarded by a male-dominated power
structure, never go to the authorities to seek justice. Women are
routinely blamed for inciting the violence against them. An 18-year-
old girl from Punjab who had been gang-raped in an earlier
incident killed herself after police and village elders pressured her
to drop the case and marry one of her attackers.
• Nirbhaya, lost her life, people got hurt in the protest, policemen
were grievously injured, but people chose to act rather than sit
back and watch. The people demand for capital punishment, but
the government still debates on whether one of the rapists was a
juvenile or not. Progress maybe slow but justice will be attained. A
new India awakes where the people now feel responsible.

11. Nirbhaya Parents interview

12. Rape statistics
One rape was reported every 16 minutes in India in
2019.This figure was 15 minutes in 2018.
 In 2019, the national average rape rate (per 1,00,000
population) was 4.9, slightly less than 5.2 in 2018 and
2017.
Estimates of unreported rapes: Most rapes go
unreported because the rape victims fear retaliation and
humiliation. Indian parliamentarians have stated that
the rape problem in India is being underestimated
because many cases are not reported

14. Convictions
 About one in four rape cases in
India result in convictions.
 Conviction rates
Year Rate (%)
2011 26.4
2012 24.2
2013 27.1
2017 32.2
2018 27.2
2019 27.8
A troubling observation
is that while cases being
reported have increased
over the last five to six
years, conviction rates,
unfortunately, have
remained stagnant to
slightly falling.

16. Violence against women during the partition of India
 During the Partition of India, violence against women was an extensive
situation.
 It is estimated that during the partition between 75,000 and 100,000 women
were kidnapped and raped.
 Systematic violence against women started in March 1947 in Rawalpindi
district where Sikh women were targeted by Muslim mobs.
 During partition Punjabi society was affected at all levels by murder,
displacement and assault.
 Rival communities targeted women to humiliate them and actions against
women included rape, abduction and forcible conversions. Violence against
women also occurred in Jammu and Kashmir and the Rajputana states.

17. Ajmer rape case
 In 1992, the Ajmer rape case was one of India's biggest cases of coerced sexual
exploitation, with more than a hundred underage schoolgirls estimated to have been
sexually molested and raped. Most accused were from the Ajmer Dargah of Moinuddin
Chishti.
Suzette Jordan Rape Case
 On the night of February 5, 2012, Suzette Jordan was gangraped on
gunpoint inside a moving car and thrown out of it at Park Street, Kolkata.
 The three accused on trial in the case were found guilty on December 10, 2015,
nine months after the incident.
Shakti Mills Rape Case
 A 22-year-old photojournalist who was interning with a magazine in
Mumbai, was gangraped by five men, including a juvenile, at Shakti Mills in
Mumbai.
 The three repeat perpetrators were sentenced to death on April 4, 2014.
The other two defendants were sentenced to life in prison.

18. Jisha Rape Case
 A 29-year-old Dalit girl Jisha was raped and murdered at her house in
Ernakulam, Kerala, on April 28, 2016.
 The police found the body mutilated and disturbingly sliced. Forensics
concluded the body injuries showed violence, possible torture and
presence of alcohol.
 The report also noted that the culprit had used a sharp weapon
to disembowel her. Jisha was stabbed over 30 times. Her chest was pierced
with a dagger. The postmortem conducted at Alappuzha Medical college
states that, severe infliction on the neck led to her death.
 Upon preliminary investigation, the police revealed that Jisha would have
been murdered when she resisted the rape attempt.

19. Hathras Gangrape Case
 On 14 September 2020, when the victim, a 19-year-old Dalit woman went
to a farm to collect cattle fodder, Four men allegedly dragged her away
by dupatta around her neck injuring her spinal cord in the process.
 The violence left her paralyzed with a severe spinal cord injury.
 The perpetrators had tried to strangle the girl as she resisted their rape
attempt.
 She was later moved to the Safdarjung Hospital in Delhi after her
condition worsened. According to the police, the victim had been
strangled with her dupatta. She died on 29 September 2020.[19][20][21]
 The autopsy registered the cause of death as "injury to the cervical spine
by blunt-force trauma," and refers to "rape and strangulation" in the
medical history

20. Kathua Rape Case
 In January 2018, an 8-year-old girl was abducted, gang raped, and
murdered in the Rasana hamlet near Kathua in Jammu and Kashmir, India.
The case was charged, the defendants were arrested, and the trial began
on April 16, 2018 in Kathua. The victim was missing for a week before
villagers discovered her death a kilometre distant from the village. When
charges were filed against eight men in April 2018, the incident garnered
national attention.
Unnao Rape Case
 A 17-year-old Dalit girl was raped in Unnao, Uttar Pradesh, on June 4,
2017. Former BJP member Kuldeep Singh Sengar was convicted of rape on
December 16, 2019, and sentenced to life in prison on December 20, 2019.
He was also found guilty of the girl’s father’s death while in court custody.

21. Ranaghat case
 On 14 March 2015, a 71-year-old nun was gang-raped in Ranaghat, West
Bengal by intruders at the Convent of Jesus and Mary.The six intruders
were recorded on CCTV during their crime of ransacking the chapel,
destroying religious items, looting cash and the gang rape. Six men were
arrested and charged with the crime by 1 April 2015, and identified to
be Bangladeshi Muslims
Delta Meghwal rape case
 On 29 March 2016, the corpse of Delta Meghwal, a 17 year old Dalit girl,
was found in her hostel's water tank. Following the registration of the
police case the hostel warden, physical education teacher and principal
were arrested by Bikaner police and kept under judicial custody. The State
eventually acceded to a CBI inquiry after the issue became politicized.

22. 2019 Hyderabad Rape Case
 In November 2019, a 26-year-old veterinary doctor was gangraped and
murdered in Shamshabad, near Hyderabad.
 The victim stopped her scooter near a toll plaza, drawing the notice of two
lorry drivers and their assistants, according to the Telangana Police
Department.
 They punctured her tyre, pretended to rescue her, then pushed her into
nearby bushes, where they raped and smothered her, according to
authorities.
 They allegedly loaded her body onto a lorry and dumped it on the side of
the road.
 The accused later died during a shoot out during an attempt to escape,
the Telangana police said.

23. Victim blaming
 Victim blaming occurs when the victim of a crime or any
wrongful act is held entirely or partially at fault for the harm
that befell them.[
 Secondary victimization is the re-traumatization of the
(including but not limited to: sexual assault, abuse, s urgical
battery , medical malpractice, or rape) victim through the
responses of individuals and institutions. Types of secondary
victimization include victim blaming, disbelieving the victim's
story, minimizing the severity of the attack,
and inappropriate post-assault treatment by medical
personnel or other organizations.[

24.  Sexual assault victims experience stigmatization based on rape
myths. A female rape victim is
especially stigmatized in patrilineal cultures with strong customs
and taboos regarding sex and sexuality. For example, a society may
view a female rape victim as "damaged".
 Victims in these cultures may suffer isolation, physical
and psychological abuse, slut-shaming, public humiliation rituals, be
disowned by friends and family, be prohibited from marrying, be
divorced if already married, or even be killed
 One example of a sexist allegation against female victims of sexual
assault is that wearing provocative clothing stimulates sexual
aggression in men who believe that women wearing body-revealing
clothes are actively trying to seduce a sexual partner.
 This is one of the main reasons victims avoid reporting cases.

25. Rape trauma syndrome
Rape trauma syndrome (RTS) is the psychological
trauma experienced by a rape victim that includes
disruptions to normal physical, emotional, cognitive, and
interpersonal behavior.
 Sexual assault can lead to a variety of problems
including lifetime diagnosis of anxiety disorders,
depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), eating-
and sleep disorders, suicide attempts (Chen et al.,
2010; Dartnall and Jewkes, 2013), gynecological
problems, neurological, vascular, respiratory,
gastrointestinal, and autoimmune diseases

26. Psychology of the survivor
Impact on the survivor
Each survivor reacts to sexual violence in their own
unique way.
Personal style, culture, and context of the survivor’s
life may affect these reactions. Some express their
emotions while others prefer to keep their feelings
inside.
 Some may tell others right away what happened,
others will wait weeks, months, or even years before
discussing the assault,

27. Psychological Reaction Physical reactions
 Nightmares
 Flashbacks
 Depression
 Difficulty concentrating
 Post Traumatic Stress
Disorder (PTSD)
 Anxiety
 Eating disorders
 Substance use or abuse
 Phobias
 Low self esteem
 Changes in eating or
sleeping patterns
 Increased startle
response
 Concerns about
physical safety
 Physical injury
Emotional Reaction
 Guilt, shame, self-
blame
 Embarrassment
 Fear, distrust
 Sadness
 Vulnerability
 Isolation
 Lack of control
 Anger
 Numbness
 Confusion
 Shock, disbelief
 Denial

28. CAUSES OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE IN
INDIA
 Focus is only on two things
1. How to punish the accused.
2. How women should prevent themselves from being raped.
 Mentality of Rapist
 Cognitive Dissonance .
1. Most Rapist blame there victims.
2. Male sexual violence is uncontrollable.
 Rapist has no remorse and blame the victims.
 One of the main reason that a rapist rape is because he thinks he can get
away with it.

29. Always wait in crowded area and in
illuminated area and not in isolated
areas
Don’t Hesitate to call the police .

31. THERE ARE TWO THEORY FOR RAPES.
1. BIOLOGICA THEORY
2. SOCIETAL THEORY
Biological Theory:
• According to this theory rape is a reproductive strategy by men to
ensure the continuation of their genetical material and heritage.
 There are some flaw in this theory.
 Societal Theory:
 In our country male and female are equal according to law but not society
 Women are more unsafe in home than outside
 Society also blames the victims
 Women are the second priority in our country.
 Bollywood
 Gender Role in Society
 Freedom of speech for Women

32. What can be done ?
Accept that there is Something Wrong with Society.
Social change require an effort from all part of the
Society.
Reform Education system ,Political system ,legal
system.
Focus more on Conviction.
Redefine Masculinity.
Capital Punishment is not the solution

33. CONCLUSION
 In conclusion, we would like emphasize that sexual violence poses an obstacle to
peace and security. It impedes women from participating in peace and democratic
processes and in post-conflict reconstruction and reconciliation.
 As a tool of war it can become a way of life: once entrenched in the fabric of society,
it lingers long after the guns have fallen silent.
 Many women lose their health, livelihoods, husbands, families and support networks
as a result of rape. This, in turn, can shatter the structures that anchor community
values, and with that disrupt their transmission to future generations.
 Children accustomed to acts of rape can grow into adults who accept such acts as the
norm. This vicious cycle must stop, as we cannot accept a selective zero-tolerance
policy.

34.  Judiciary plays a vital role in finding a proper solution to rape cases. They are
responsible to not rely on law rigidly but to allow some sense of flexibility while
deciding such intense matter.
 While there have been no strict rules framed for the protection of rape victims
which shows the positive side of the picture, statistics show the actual side which
is that there has actually been no such change in spite of the strict laws.
 If the laws are really to adhere, the court and the legislation need to make some
changes. The reason being the laws remain the same and the number of victims
keeps on increasing every year.
 There needs to be some political sensitivity, judicial sensitivity, special courts and
training programmes to be able to control the worsening situation.

35. References
 https://en.m.wikipedia.org
1. ^ Ganeshan, Balakrishna (29 November 2019). "When will our country be safe for Women?". The
News Minute. Retrieved 30 November 2019.
2. ^ Khan, Omar (30 November 2019). "Four men confess to gang rape of woman they later burned
alive, Indian police say". CNN. Retrieved 1 December 2019.
3. ^ a b "Hyderabad rape-murder accused shot dead: How the 'encounter' with Telangana Police
unfolded". The Indian Express. 6 December 2019. Retrieved 6 December 2019.
4. ^ a b c d e f g "Indian police kill rape-murder suspects, sparking celebrations". Agence France-Presse.
Retrieved 6 December 2019.
5. ^ a b c d e Pandey, Geeta (6 December 2019). "Why Indians are celebrating the killings in
Hyderabad". Retrieved 6 December 2019.
6. ^ "Hyderabad rape and murder case: AIIMS team conducts second autopsy of four accused killed in
encounter; bodies handed over to kin". Firstpost. Retrieved 23 December 2019.
7. ^ Kumar, Radha (8 December 1997). The History of Doing: An Illustrated Account of Movements for
Women's Rights and Feminism in India 1800-1990. Zubaan. ISBN 9788185107769 – via Google
Books.
8. ^ "Chapter 5: Crime against women", Crime in India 2012 Statistics (PDF), National Crime Records
Bureau (NCRB), Ministry of Home Affairs, Government of India, p. 81, archived from the
original (PDF) on 16 January 2016

36. Thank you !