BASTERIOLOGICAL MONETRING OF OPERATION THEATER

1. BACTERIOLOGICAL
MONITORING OF OT
- RIYA SANJAY BAGHELE
- NAGPUR

2. INTRODUCTION
• Microbiological contamination of air in the
operating room is generally considered to be a
risk factor for surgical site infection in clean
surgery.
• Microbiological quality of air may be consider of
the operation theaters.
• The quality of indoor air depends on external and
internal sources, such as ventilation, cleaning
procedures, the surgical team and their activity.

3. • Infection control and basic hygiene should be
at the heart of good hospital management.
• Infection of the surgical-site is a leading
complication of surgery.
• Microbiological contamination of air in the OR
is generally considered to be a risk factor for
infections of surgical site in clean surgery.

4. OT ENVIRONMENTAL
MONITORING
• Environmental monitoring means the
microbiological testing of air, surfaces and
equipment in order to detect changing trends of
microbial counts and micro-flora.
• The survival of micro-organisms in the air is
dependent on a number of interacting factors,
and is not easy to predict.
• This is one of the main reasons why routine
monitoring of airborne bacteria and fungi can be
important, especially where surgical procedures
are conducted

5. QUALITY OF AIR
SAMPLING
• Evaluation of the quality of air in operating
theatres can be performed routinely by
microbiological sampling and particle counting.
METHODS OF AIR SAMPLING:-
SETTLE PLATE METHOD- Settle plate method
with blood agar where the plate have to kept
at 1 meter height on the 4 corners of room
and results are obtained based on the mean
colony number on the all culture plates after a
prescribed time.

6. SLIT SAMPLE METHOD- It draws in air from the
environments at a fixed rate and cause the
suspended particles to fall on the surface of
agar plates.
PARTICLE COUNTER- A particle counter
measure the concentration of particles in air.

7. BACTERIAL COUNTS
METHODS
• Bacterial counts in operation theaters are
influenced by the number of individuals
presents, ventilation and air flow methods.

8. TEST FOR CLOSTRIDIA
Spp
• Routine testing for clostridia spores is not
mandatory except during certain situation like
new construction or structural alterations are
made to the theatre.

9. TEST FOR ANAEROBES
• Even today most of the surgeons are worrying
about the OT associated infections with
anaerobes like clostridium tetani in most of
the instances. Infection with CI. Tetani are
association with very bad surgical procedures
which includes the over jealous manipulations
of the tissues of surgical sites and leaving the
dead tissue in the surgical site at the ends of
the procedure and also heavy dust in the OT
environments.

10. • Surveillance for clostridia spores is an age old
concept of surveillance and lost its importance
with the available and applicable OT
sterilization and disinfection awareness
programme and practices.
• Today we rarely encounter a infection with
C.tetani.

11. RESULTS AND
INTERPRETATION
• Culture plates should be incubated under
optimum conditions in the microbiology
laboratory.
• Early culture reports hardly available until after 24
hours of incubation.
• Aerobic culture on non-selective medium
(preferably Blood agar) should not exceed 35
colony forming units of bacteria and fungi per
cubic meter of air for a conventional theatre and
1cfu for an ultra clean theatre to perform joint
replacement and cardiac surgeries.

12. THANK YOU