Anthropology Foundation of Education

1. ANTHROPOLOGICAL
FOUNDATION OF EDUCATION
Reporter: JUBERT PAUL CASTILLO

2. DEFINITION OF ANTHROPOLOGY
The word anthropology is taken from the two Greek
words anthropos and logos, which literally means man
and scientific study. Hence, anthropology is the scientific
study of man’s physical(genetic) and
cultural(environment) aspects.

3. TWO ESSENTIAL FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY

4. TWO ESSENTIAL FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
PHYSICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
 Also known as biological study of man focuses mainly on the
evolutionary process in the domain of human anatomy and
physiology instead of culture.

5. TWO ESSENTIAL FIELDS OF ANTHROPOLOGY
CULTURAL ANTHROPOLOGY
 Also known as social anthropology gives emphasis on the
origins and history of man’s societies and cultures.

6. HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT
The origin of man can be traced both speculatively and
scientifically from the time when other humans dropped
importance to its existence and survival. Anthropologist,
archaeologist, ethnologist, and historians alike gave no specific
dates – only speculations and postulations – concerning the first
appearance of man on earth.
Most of the written sources dealing with Central Asia stemmed
from surrounding sedentary ancient civilizations like Chinese,
Greek, Latin, Arabic,and Persian.

7. HERODUTOS (c-484-425 BC)
 He was a Greek historian and known as the Father of history of
human civilization for he founded the Greek and Roman
historiographical tradition.
 He was born in the ancient city of Caria- later Halicarnassus (now
Turkey).

8. IBN KHALDUN (1332-1406)
 He received his formal education in the Qu’ran, Arabic Poetry,
and Islamic Law.
 He wrote Kiatab Al-bar or Universal History that guided the
history of Muslim North Africa and the Berbers.

9. COLONIZATION AND CONQUEST (1400-1900)
 Several European scholars, philosophers, and theologians during
the Middle Ages believed and speculated that man is a perfect
creation and masterpiece of Yahweh, the God of the Hebrew
people. Hence, all men are born equal.

10. CHRISTIAN JURGENSEN THOMSEN (1788 - 1865)
 Born in 1788 at Copenhagen, Denmark.
 Being and anthropologist, he developed three-partile epochs
prior to the modern era of technology such as Stone Age, Bronze
Age, and Iron Age.

11. STONE AGE
 Earliest period of human history, in which tools and weapons
were made of stone.
 Divided into three different and separate eras, namely,
Paleolithic, Mesolithic, and Neolithic.

12. PALEOLITHIC
 Refers to the origins and development of early human culture
from the time of man’s appearance on earth around 600,000 or
700,000 years back.

13. MESOLITHIC
 The period between the Paleolithic and Neolithic and the so
called Middle Stone Age.
 The years that covered this epoch was postulated about 8000 BC
to 2700 BC.

14. NEOLITHIC
 The New Stone Age is the last stage of cultural evolution and is
the technological development of earliest man.

15. BRONZE AGE
 Implies the period in human civilization in which metal was used.
 The beginning of this period was varied as far as different
regions and cultures are concerned.

16. IRON AGE
 It is the final technological and cultural stage in the tripartite
epoch prior to modern period.
 The iron upon its discovery around 1000 BC replaced the copper
and the bronze.

17. EDUARDO ARMAND ISIDORE HIPPOLYTE LARTET (1801-1871)
 He was the first French palaeontologist, geologist, and
archaeologist who discovered fossil in southwestern France in
1834.

18. CHARLES ROBERT DARWIN (1809-1882)
 He was a maternal grandchild of Erasmus Darwin, a freethinking
physician, physiologist, and poet before the French Revolution
that started from 1789 to 1799.
 At the age of 22, Darwin joined the crew of the HMS Beagle
Expedition on December 27, 1831 as a naturalist.

19. GREGOR JOHANN MENDEL (1822-1884)
 He was an Austrian monk of Augustinian Monastery at Brunn,
botanist, plant experimenter, and pioneer in using mathematics
in the science of genetics known as the Mendel’s Law.
 Two fundamental law ere formulated: the law of segregation and
the law of independence assortment.

20. HERBERT SPENCER (1820 - 1903)
 He was an English social philosopher and sociologist who
advocated the theory of evolution postulated by Charles Darwin.

21. LEWIS BOAS (1858-1942)
 He was a German-American anthropologist and founder of
cultural relativism that influenced many during the 20th century.

22. MARGARET MEAD (1901-1978)
 She was an American anthropologist who conducted a study and
research in New Guinea, Samoa island, and Bali in the early 1900.
 Her study focused on the patterns of child rearing in various
cultures ,adolescence, sexual behaviour and American character
and culture.

23. CLAUDE GUSTAVE LEVI-STRAUSS (1908-PRESENT)
 He is a French social anthropologist who considered that the
various cultures at human beings and their behaviors, language
patterns, and myths demonstrate a common framework
underlying all human life.

24. ROBERT FOX (1918-1985)
 Former curator of the anthropology division of the National
Museum in the Philippines, steered several archeological
excavation like Tabon and Leta-Leta Caves in Southwestern
where he discovered human fossil remains and stone tools dated
from Pleistocene period (1.6 million years to 10,000 BC)

25. WHY ANTHROPOLOGY IS AN IMPORTANT FACTOR IN EDUCATION?
Anthropology is an important part of education for many
reason; it allows people to study how humans and other organisms
react to certain environments. It gives us insight in how things
work, live and coexist. Through anthropology, we can determine
how things were made, live and react to different scenarios and
how different texts and our perception of ideas change us. It also
help us study the changes that happen upon the nature or from
ourselves or from other organisms. Along with this it shows us a
great deal how much more advanced we are to become.

26. That would be all, Thank you
for listening 