Basic terms of databse

1. Dr.Ritu Bhargava
Department Of Computer Science
Sophia Girl’s College (Autonomous)Ajmer
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2. What is??
 Data
 Information
 Table
 Field
 Record
 File
 Database
 Data base management system(DBMS)
 Data base System(DBS)
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3. Data
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Data is raw, unorganized and unprocessed facts .
Data can be defined as a representation of facts, concepts,
or instructions in a formalized manner, which should be
suitable for communication, interpretation, or processing
by human or electronic machine.
Data is represented with the help of characters such as
alphabets (A-Z, a-z), digits (0-9) or special characters (+,-
,/,*,<,>,= etc.)
Data can be something simple and seemingly random
and useless until it is organized
For e.g.:-
’Richard’, 21, ’*’.

4. Information
 Information is organized or classified data, which has
some meaningful values for the receiver. Information is the
processed data on which decisions and actions are based.
 For the decision to be meaningful, the processed data must
qualify for the following characteristics −
 Timely − Information should be available when required.
 Accuracy − Information should be accurate.
 Completeness − Information should be complete.
For e.g :-
Ram is a student.
21 is the roll number.
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5. Table
 Tables
 A database table is composed of records and fields that
hold data. Tables are also called datasheets. Each table
in a database holds data about a different, but related,
subject.
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Figure - Database Table

7. Record
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Record is a row of data in a database table,that consists of
single value from each column of data in the table.
Data is stored in records. A record is composed of fields and
contains all the data about one particular person, company, or
item in a database.

8. Figure-Record
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9. Field
 A field is part of a record and contains a single piece of data for the subject of
the record.
 Fields appear as columns in a database table.
 In the database table, each record contains four fields:
 Log ID
 A number assigned to this customer support incident for identification
purposes
 Operator
 The code for the customer support operator who handled this incident
 Resolved
 A check box to indicate whether the incident was resolved
 Duration
 The time in seconds the operator spent on this incident
 Data from the Log ID field for five records is highlighted in the Figure .
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10. Figure - Fields appear as columns in a database table.
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11. FILE
 A file is a collection of records. Each record consist of
field for individual data items .
For example, a telephone book is analogous to a file.
Attendance register of a class etc.
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12. Database
 A database is a logically coherent collection of data
with some inherent meaning ,representing some
aspect of real world and which is designed ,built and
populated with data for a specific purpose.
 Types of databases
1)Traditional DB
2)Multimedia DB
3)Spatial DB
4)Real time DB
5)Data warehouse
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13. DBMS
 It is a collection of programs that enables user to create
and maintain a database.
 It is a general purpose software that provides the users
with the process of defining,constructing and
manipulating the database for various application.
For e.g.
MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access, SQL Server,
Oracle, RDBMS, dBASE and FoxPro
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14. DBS
 The database and DBMS software together is called as
Database system.
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